(1) Pot gourd technology The size of the flowerpot (No.65438 +00) should be moderate. Choose fertile soil before potted plants, use loose acidic soil and mix with soil and miscellaneous fertilizers. Alkaline soil and hardened soil are not available. The soil should have good ventilation and drainage performance. And mixed with corrosive soil or green manure of culture soil used in commercial plastic flowerpots according to the ratio of 1/3. If there is no fertilizer in the cultivated soil, a pot should be equipped with about 15G fertilizer. Potted gourds are very easy to dry up, so they need to be watered once a day when the vines begin to spread. In hot summer, you should water your back twice a day. Four pillars are supported and fixed on the flowerpot, 50㎝ higher than the surface of the flowerpot, and made into a 90-degree grid trellis. When the mother vine grows to 4-5 leaves, pinch the vine, leaving 2 roots to spread upward. When climbing to the top of the shed, you should pinch the vine and let its two grandchildren extend upward. When Sun Man grows to five branches and leaves, he begins to pinch the tip, so that the fruit will bear from Sun Man's great-grandson vine. Let the vines grow at will and pinch them off when they grow outside the shed. It is very important to apply fertilizer once when the fruit grows to 5-6 grains. Especially the medium-sized gourd ladle, it doesn't bear fruit after it begins to bear 1-2 fruits. So the earliest female flowers were all pinched off. When making fruit, put 5-6 solid fertilizers in.
In a flowerpot, after the fertility disappears, water it with liquid fertilizer and 200 times of water. The main pest of gourd is aphid, and the control method is the same as that of field crops. Attention should be paid to the prevention and control of powdery mildew in high temperature season. In addition, it is necessary to prevent floods and long-term rains, increase fertilizers according to the growth, and prevent the sun from being exposed in the dog days.
(B) ground planting gourd technology
The planting time of gourd is easy to be around Tomb-Sweeping Day every year. Because of the vast land resources in China, we should choose the best planting time according to different weather, temperature and environment. In fact, there are not many places to spend money on growing gourds, and the scaffolding of gourds is the most expensive one, so there should be some differences in the choice of scaffolding materials. If farmers plan to plant gourds for a long time, it is best to build shelves with cement or iron pipes. Although it looks like a big investment, the cost of planting them for many years is not much.
The size of the gourd shed depends on the planting area and the number of cultivated plants. Generally, about 600 gourds are planted per mu. Scaffolding height 2
About meters, the roof of the shed is tied into a well shape with an interval of about 30㎝, and tied tightly with ropes to resist the attack of typhoon and the oppression of the gravity of the gourd itself.
In China, all gourds are cultivated with scaffolding, but many farmers abroad use scaffolding-free cultivation. The gourds cultivated by crawling on the ground are mainly small gourds. If the gap between dead wood is used to cultivate big gourd, gourd ladle and long gourd, it can also be carried out on the ground.
Crawling cultivation of gourd is the same as greenhouse cultivation, and there is not much change. First, level the soil to make it 1.5m wide, and walk between the ridges.
Gourd creeping planting, with large spacing, is beneficial to the growth of gourd. Therefore, the spacing between plants is preferably about 3 meters. Because there is nothing to climb on the gourd vine, it is necessary to spread thick straw. If there is no straw, you can also spread a black plastic film and water it first. And spraying drugs for many times to avoid pests and diseases. Although the investment of this planting method is less than that of scaffolding, there is no more successful experience to learn from in China. Farmers are welcome to explore and experiment on a small part of land first, and then adopt it in a large area after the technology is mature.
Seed selection and breeding Because the seeds of cucurbitaceae plants carry anthracnose and other germs, it is necessary to apply cardan powder on the seeds first, or disinfect them with potassium permanganate before planting. When sowing, if you cut a small gap at the tip of the seed with pliers or nail clippers, it is easier to germinate.