Question 2: What does Hada mean? Offering Hada is the most common etiquette for Tibetans. In * * *, it is a custom to offer Hada at weddings, funerals, seeing off, paying respects to elders, paying homage to Buddha statues and going away. Offering Hada shows purity, sincerity, loyalty and respect for each other. It is said that when * * * entered the temple gate, he presented a Hada first, then paid homage to the Buddha statue, visited the temple and sat with him. When he left, he put a Hada behind the seat where he sat, indicating that although I left, my heart stayed here.
Hada is a kind of raw silk fabric, which is loosely spun into a net and also made of silk. Top grade Hada weaves various hidden flower patterns such as lotus, Aquarius, umbrella cover and conch, which indicates good luck. Hada's material varies with different economic conditions, but people don't care about the quality of the material, as long as they can express their master's good wishes. Hada varies in length, from old people 1 to 2 feet, and the shortest is 3 to 5 feet. Tibetans believe that white symbolizes purity and good luck, so Hada is generally white. In addition, there are colorful Hada, the colors are blue, white, yellow, green and red. Blue means blue sky, white is white clouds, green is rivers, red is the protector of space, and yellow symbolizes the earth. Multicolored Hada is the most precious gift for making colorful arrows for bodhisattvas and their loved ones. Buddhist teachings explain that colorful hada is the costume of bodhisattva. Therefore, multicolored hada is only used under certain circumstances.
The action of offering Hada varies from person to person. Generally speaking, you should hold Hada with both hands, lift it to shoulder height, then stretch forward and bend down to give it to the other party. At this time, Hada is flush with the top of his head, showing respect for each other and the greatest blessing-good luck. The other party greeted him respectfully with both hands. When offering Hada to venerable persons and elders, raise your hands above your head, lean forward slightly, and hold Hada in front of your seat or at your feet; For colleagues or subordinates, it can be tied around the neck. Offering Hada is very common in * *, even when people communicate with each other, they will attach a small Hada to the envelope to show their blessings and greetings. What's particularly interesting is that * * * will bring a few Hadas when he goes out, in case he meets long-lost relatives and friends on the road.
Hada stands for different meanings on different occasions. On the day of the festival, people present Hada to each other to express their congratulations on a happy holiday and a happy life. Offering Hada at the wedding means wishing the newly-married woman love like a mountain and grow old together; When welcoming guests, offer Hada to show piety and pray for the blessing of Bodhisattva; Hada was presented at the funeral to express condolences to the deceased and comfort to the family of the deceased.
There are many theories about the origin of Hada. There is a saying that Zhang Qian presented silk to the local tribal leaders when he went to the Western Regions in the Han Dynasty, and the ancient Han people regarded silk as a symbol of pure friendship. In this way, Tibetan tribes think that this is a kind of etiquette to express friendship and blessing, and it is a great etiquette from the prosperous times of the Central Plains, so it has been used ever since. Another way of saying it is that it was brought back by the ancient French king Basiba after meeting Kublai Khan in Yuan Shizu. At that time, silk was decorated with designs of the Great Wall of Wan Li and auspicious words. Later, people made some religious explanations about the origin of Hada, saying that it is a ribbon on the fairy, and white symbolizes holiness and supremacy.
Question 3: What are the colors of Hada? According to the color, Hada can be divided into two types: one is a white Hada symbolizing purity and auspiciousness; One is colored Hada, the colors are blue, white, yellow, green and red. Blue means blue sky, white is white clouds, green is rivers, red is the protector of space, and yellow symbolizes the earth. As Ashi (colorful arrow), it is the most solemn gift for the living Buddha or the closest relative. According to Buddhist teachings, colorful hada is the costume of Bodhisattva, so it is only used under certain circumstances.
Question 4: What's the difference between blue Hada and white Hada? The color of Hada in Mongolia is mostly cyan, because it is the color of the sky respected by Mongols, which is different from Hada etiquette; There are also a few Hada in Ordos Mongolians who use silver gray, white, yellow and blue. In addition, there are colorful Hada, the colors are blue, white, yellow, green and red. Blue means blue sky, white is white clouds, green is rivers, red is the protector of space, and yellow symbolizes the earth. Multicolored Hada is dedicated to Bodhisattva and their close relatives to make colorful arrows, which is the most precious gift. Therefore, multicolored hada is only used under certain circumstances.
Question 5: What does Hada mean? Hada is a kind of etiquette supplies. Offering Hada is a traditional Mongolian etiquette. Hada is used for worshipping Buddha, offering sacrifices, weddings and funerals, paying tribute to elders and distinguished guests. In nomadic economy, ancient Mongols often carried milk, milk wine or other dry food when they went out. When they meet passers-by, they will take the initiative to strike up a conversation, say hello and exchange food with each other, whether they know each other or not. With the passage of time, it has gradually developed into a set of customs of bartering things. Later, there was the custom of exchanging snuff bottles and hada.
Hada, transliteration in Tibetan. It is a "gift towel". Local chronicles "Mongolia? The second volume says, "The so-called Hada is also silk. "Silk, white or blue, different lengths, about one foot five inches or one foot two inches long, drawn at both ends, about half an inch, depending on the level of the recipient." Hada is different in length, embroidered with patterns such as "Eight Treasures" and "Yunlin", symbolizing happiness and good luck.
There are many textual researches on the source of Hada. However, this custom is recognized as Tibetan etiquette. /kloc-In the middle of the 6th century, Tibetan Buddhism was introduced to Mongolia, and Hada, a monk of Tibetan Buddhism, was accepted in Erdos as an indispensable item in daily etiquette and passed down from generation to generation. According to Marco Polo's Travels, "Every New Year's Day, in all provinces and kingdoms under Khan's rule, important people who own territory or have jurisdiction will give Khan precious gifts such as tribute gold and Galaxy gems, and they should be accompanied by white cloth, which means that I wish your majesty a long life, rich financial resources and endless enjoyment." It can be seen that offering Hada has auspicious meaning.
Hada is made of silk and cotton. The length is usually about 5 feet and the width varies. Hada is several feet wide and has a long handle. It is usually used on special occasions, and its color is mostly cyan, because this is the color of the sky respected by Mongols, which is different from Hada's etiquette. Hada is mostly white, influenced by Tibetan Buddhism, and there are also a few Hada in Ordos Mongols who use silver gray, white, yellow and blue. Hada is made of silk, usually white. Offering Hada has certain etiquette. For elders, the giver leans forward slightly, hands above his head, and for peers, hands are raised and handed to each other. For junior students, Hada is usually worn around their necks. If the person who receives Hada is an elder, you can sit and receive gifts; If you are not an elder, you must stand up and accept it. Under normal circumstances, the person who receives Hada will return Hada's folded mouth to the owner.
According to Mongolian custom, whenever we meet for the first time, we must exchange Hada first. Its length, material and dedication depend on the identity of the recipient and the distance between them. In the old days, when offering Hada to the maharaja Buddha statue, you should kneel on your knees, hold your hands high and raise them above your head; Present Hada to the venerable person and the elder, lean forward slightly, put your hands above your head and put them in front of the seat and at your feet. When offering Hada, you must fold it in half and sew it to your elders. Otherwise, it is impolite; For peers, Hada is sent to each other's hands or wrists; For the younger generation and subordinates, Hada is tied around the neck.
Offering Hada is a welcome gift from Mongolians and an indispensable etiquette in festivals and daily communication. Presenting Hada is solemn, generous and sincere. They express their welcome and love for their guests and friends in this way. Sometimes Hada is offered and all kinds of auspicious words of praise are recited to enhance the atmosphere of respect. At present, most tourist areas in Inner Mongolia greet guests by offering Hada, but there are often some differences in the way of offering Hada. For example, it is wrong to put Hada directly around tourists' necks, because unlike Tibetan customs, Mongolians must not hang Hada around their necks when offering it. This practice is the custom of religious circles in the past, but it can only be tied to children. Therefore, if you are a tourist, you must not be misled by this wrong practice and accept Mongolian etiquette correctly, so as to truly understand its cultural connotation.
Question 6: Why is Hada generally white? Hada is a gift that Mongols use to show respect. Offering Hada is the highest courtesy of Mongolians.
Hada is a kind of raw silk towel. There are many colors, usually white, blue and yellow. The length is usually 1.5m, and the longest is 4m. Unequal width. Spikes at both ends, about 6 cm. Hada embroidery has auspicious patterns such as Buddha statues or moire patterns, eight treasures and longevity characters.
Hada was originally an offering to God in the Lama Temple. With the introduction of Lamaism, the ceremony of offering Hada was quickly accepted by Mongolian people and widely popular among the people. For a long time, Hada has become the best gift for people to express their feelings and good wishes.
The Mongolian people can't live without Hada on many important occasions, such as the arrival of distinguished guests, ancestor worship, visiting elders, weddings, funerals, birthdays, farewells, grand celebrations and so on. Everyone should express their sincerity and wishes by offering Hada.
Sacrificing Hada, there is a certain stress. Before use, you should choose the color, length and texture of Hada according to the identity of the recipient and the intimacy with yourself. When offering Hada, you should fold Hada in half with the crease facing the other side, otherwise it will be considered impolite. When offering Hada to a respected person or elder, you should be respectful, bend over, hold Hada in your hands and hold it above your head to show your piety. For peers, raise your hands horizontally and hand them to each other. For the younger generation, it is generally only necessary to put Hada directly around each other's necks to express their blessings.
Hada's colors are not only white, blue and Huang Zhi, but also red and green. These five colors of Hada are called "multicolored Hada". In the eyes of Mongolian people, every color of Hada symbolizes profound meaning. Blue symbolizes blue sky, white symbolizes white clouds, yellow symbolizes the earth, green symbolizes grassland, and red symbolizes fiery enthusiasm. People place their gratitude to nature on the beautiful Hada.
The Mongolians in Hohhot like the blue and white Hada best. In their view, blue is the most beautiful and eternal color in nature. Like the blue sky, the blue Hada can express the open-minded and beautiful hearts of the Mongolian people. White is a symbol of purity, auspiciousness and happiness. Therefore, nothing is more noble than white for distinguished people and distinguished guests.
About the use of the donor, that is, as a souvenir.
Question 7: What does the color of Hada mean? Hada is a silk fabric used by Mongolian and Tibetan people for etiquette, and it is an essential item in social activities. Hada is similar to the rites and silks of the ancient Han nationality. The long silk scarves or scarves used by Mongolians and Tibetans to show respect and congratulations are mostly white, blue and yellow. In addition, there are colorful Hada, the colors are blue, white, yellow, green and red. Blue means blue sky, white is white clouds, green is rivers, red is the protector of space, and yellow symbolizes the earth. Multicolored Hada is the most precious gift for making colorful arrows for bodhisattvas and their loved ones. Buddhist teachings explain that colorful hada is the costume of bodhisattva. Therefore, multicolored hada is only used under certain circumstances. According to the color, Hada can be divided into two types: one is a white Hada symbolizing purity and auspiciousness; One is colored Hada, the colors are blue, white, yellow, green and red. Blue means blue sky, white is white clouds, green is rivers, red is the protector of space, and yellow symbolizes the earth. As Ashi (colorful arrow), it is the most solemn gift for the living Buddha or the closest relative. According to Buddhist teachings, colorful hada is the costume of Bodhisattva, so it is only used under certain circumstances. According to the Tibetan scholar Chilie Quzha's * * *, Hada was introduced in the Yuan Dynasty. Sagafa met Kublai Khan in Yuan Shizu and returned to * * *, bringing back the first Hada. At that time, Hada was flanked by the Great Wall of Wan Li, embroidered with the words "good luck". Therefore, it can be said that Hada was introduced from the mainland and mostly produced in Chengdu, Sichuan.
Question 8: What does the Hada color of Mongolians represent? 1. Hada has five colors: white, blue, green, red and yellow. White is the symbol of white clouds, blue is the symbol of blue sky, green is the symbol of rivers, red is the symbol of the protector of space, and yellow is the symbol of the earth. In addition to the white Hada, the blue, green, red and yellow Hada are endowed with religious significance and are considered as the clothes of the Bodhisattva. So it is the most grand gift, which was rarely used in the past. Usually, a statue of God or the most beloved living Buddha is offered at the opening ceremony of a temple. At the same time, it can also be dedicated to relatives who have newly built a house, as a patron saint of colored arrows on the roof.
White Hada symbolizes pure auspicious clouds, and presents Hada to each other, indicating mutual good luck and endless happiness.