Seagulls are migratory birds. The breeding season mainly inhabits rivers, lakes, ponds and swamps in Arctic tundra, forest tundra, desert and grassland, and mainly inhabits coasts, estuaries and harbors in winter. Move in pairs or groups or fly in the air. At the seaside and seaport, groups float on the water, swimming and foraging. Seagulls feed on small fish, insects, mollusks, crustaceans, worms and grubs in cultivated land.
This species breeds in northern Europe, North Asia and northwest North America. Except for Iceland, populations near the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, and some seagulls along the coast of Canada, most seagulls migrate to the south. This has expanded its scope, including the Pacific coast of North America to Baja California in Mexico, the Pacific coast of Asia to northern Vietnam, the Atlantic coast of France and Portugal, the southern and eastern coasts of the Mediterranean, the entire Black Sea coast and Persian Gulf, and the southern coast of the Caspian Sea.