What is a decline? What are the characteristics of down? What are the advantages and disadvantages of down? How to clean and maintain down products? 1 What is a decline? It grows in the stomachs of geese and ducks and turns into reed-like fluff, which is called patches of feathers. Because down is an animal protein fiber, there are thousands of triangular micropores on the spherical fiber of down, which can contract and expand with the change of air temperature, and produce the function of temperature regulation, which can absorb the hot air flowing in the human body and isolate the invasion of cold air from the outside. Judging from the detection of fluffy degree, down is one level higher than silk, cotton and other warm-keeping materials. For example, the lowest standard duck down with a fluffy degree of 450 degrees and a fluffy degree of 90 degrees is also better than silk and cotton, so as a thermal insulation material, the economic value of down is much higher than other thermal insulation materials.
What are the characteristics of 2 down 1? The first characteristic of down is air permeability.
Different from other warm-keeping materials, down has good moisture absorption and divergence performance. According to scientific research, adults will sweat about100g at night, which is a physiological phenomenon when people sleep, and down is characterized by continuously absorbing and releasing the released sweat, so that people will not feel damp and sultry. So choosing a duvet when sleeping is the best choice. Because the duvet is soft, it can make people feel no pressure, at the same time, it can make people's blood pressure normal, the central nervous system stable and easy to fall asleep.
2. The second characteristic of down is lightness.
In down products, if the warm-keeping effect is the same as that of cotton, only a few hundred grams of down is enough to keep out the cold, while cotton needs kilograms, which shows that the volume of down can be fluffy several times. At the same time, it is known that down products can be compressed to make them smaller, which is helpful for carrying or transporting.
Compared with down products, the warm-keeping ability of man-made fiber materials is three times that of down products, and the fluffy ability of down products is better, more durable and more uniform. At the same time, down products are breathable, which makes the comfort of the body higher and better than that of man-made fibers.
3. The third characteristic of down is to keep warm.
There are four natural systems in thermal insulation materials, namely cotton, wool, silk and down. On the best thermal insulation and down performance. Li Shizhen, a great medical scientist in China, once said in Compendium of Materia Medica: "Goose belly hair is used as clothing, which is soft and cold, and is especially suitable for relieving the fright and pain of babies." It can be seen that down products have health care function, which is determined by the unique softness, warmth retention and hygroscopicity of down. Through the research of scientific research institutions, it is found that down has a star-shaped structure, and each filament is fish-scale-shaped with countless tiny pores. Down may contain a lot of still air. What we need to know is that the conductivity of air is the lowest, so it is not difficult to understand that down has good warmth retention.
Three kinds of down goose down: large down, small feather stalk, good quality, sufficient elasticity and strong warmth retention;
Duck down: down flowers and feather stems are worse than goose down, but their quality, elasticity and warmth retention are high;
Goose-duck blended cashmere: cashmere is general, with poor elasticity, but good warmth retention;
Flying silk: processed and crushed by wool, it is poor in elasticity and warmth retention, powdery and poor in quality, and easy to agglomerate after washing.
In addition to the above, the quality of down can be divided into southern down and northern down. Generally, the down produced in the north is bigger than that in the south, and ducks generally have a long growth period, so relatively speaking, the down in the north is better than that in the south.
The filling types of down products include white goose down, grey goose down, white duck down, grey duck down, goose-duck mixed down and so on. The quality of quilt core mainly depends on its standard cashmere content and filling amount. According to QB/T light industry standard, feather content must be higher than 50% to be called down products, otherwise it can only be called feather products. The higher the cashmere content, the better the quality; The bigger the velvet, the higher the bulkiness and the better the quality!
4 Advantages and Disadvantages of Down Benefits of Down
1, breathable and dry. Goose and duck don't get wet when swimming in the water, so down absorbs this characteristic. Down has strong moisture drainage, and it is not as easy to harden as a quilt. The down in down products is light and fluffy, which makes the human body always in a comfortable state.
2, high heat insulation performance. Duvets are different from ordinary quilts. The animal fluff in the duvet has a triangular skeleton structure, so it has large gas storage capacity and good thermal insulation, which can keep the temperature of the human body in the quilt and is not easily affected by the indoor temperature. Suitable for use all year round.
3, soft and comfortable. Down products are made of down from the belly of geese and ducks. This effect can be imagined, very soft and comfortable. Moreover, the fluff of these two animals is very light, and the bedding made will not feel oppressive when covered on the body, which will make our sleep quality better, stabilize the central nervous system of the human body, and soon enter the sweet dream land, so it also plays a certain role in beauty. This is the truth that "a beauty is born under a duvet".
4. Prevent diseases. When people sleep, they excrete about 170cc of water every night. Ordinary bedding will accumulate too much water soon after use, which is easy to breed germs and cause discomfort to all aspects of the human body. Because down fiber has millions of breathable triangular holes, the surface layer contains waterproof grease, which can automatically shrink or expand with the change of external temperature and humidity, and can quickly absorb human sweat and moisture and disperse it quickly, keeping the quilt clean and dry, and can also prevent rheumatism after long-term use.
Disadvantages of down
1, easy to become an allergen.
People with special allergies, allergic rhinitis, asthmatic tracheitis and asthma can't use down products. Because these people are allergic to animal fur and poultry feathers, they often have symptoms such as rash, measles, itching, nasopharyngeal itching, itchy eyes, runny nose, cough, chest tightness and even asthma.
2. The price is relatively high
But the price is related to the quality. You get what you want, and value determines price. The high price of down indicates that its quality is excellent, which can be said to be not a disadvantage.
3, improper maintenance will smell
At present, there is no thermal insulation material that exceeds the thermal insulation performance of down in the world, but once down is wet or improperly washed, it will emit an unpleasant smell. This kind of protein fiber should pay special attention to the cleaning method, which will greatly reduce the warm-keeping performance of down jacket.
4. Bad businesses use inferior down.
Driven by interests, some businesses will use inferior materials when making down products, and some will even deteriorate materials harmful to human health, which will become a potential health threat, so everyone must be cautious when purchasing.
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The amount of down filling refers to the amount of down filled in a down jacket (including the total amount of down flowers and wool pieces), which is expressed by weight, for example,100g.
According to the national standard GB/T14272-201KLOC-0/,down content refers to down and the percentage of down in feathers. According to the explanation of the National Textile and Leather Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, down content is the most important index to determine down quality. The higher the cashmere content, the better the thermal insulation effect.
The amount of down filling refers to the weight of all down filled in a down jacket, which is usually expressed in grams on the label. Even if a down jacket contains a high amount of cashmere, if the down jacket is filled with too little cashmere, it will also affect the warmth retention effect. It can be seen that if consumers want to know how much down a down jacket is filled and whether it is warm or not, it is not enough to look at the relative value of down content, but also the absolute value of down filling.
According to national regulations, the cashmere content of down jackets must reach more than 50%, and less than 50% cannot be called down jackets. However, the state has not made any requirements for the lower limit of cashmere filling. Some short down jackets have a cashmere content of 220g, while some long down jackets have a cashmere content of only 105g. This kind of difference in regulations, first, because the cashmere content is a percentage, it is easy to make mandatory regulations; Cashmere filling quantity is an absolute value, and different down jackets have different styles, so it is difficult to make mandatory regulations. Some down jackets are fashionable and slim, some are fluffy bread coats, some are ankle-high and some are waist-high. The filling amount of these down jackets varies greatly, so it is not realistic to make mandatory regulations.
6 How to clean and maintain down experience 1: Be sure to wash it by hand.
On the inside of the down jacket, there is a small label printed with maintenance and washing instructions. Careful people will find that 90% of down jackets are marked with hand washing, and dry cleaning is forbidden, because the liquid medicine used for dry cleaning will affect the warmth and make the fabric aging. Machine washing and spin-drying, twisted down jackets easily lead to uneven thickness of fillers, which makes clothes deformed and affects beauty and warmth.
Experience 2: 30 degree water temperature flushing
First, soak the down jacket in cold water for 20 minutes, so that the inside and outside of the down jacket are fully wet. Dissolve the detergent in warm water of 30 degrees, then soak the down jacket in it for a quarter of an hour, and then gently brush it with a soft brush. Warm water should also be used for rinsing, which can help the detergent to fully dissolve in water and make the down jacket rinse more cleanly.
Experience 3: the concentration of washing powder should not be too high.
If you must use washing powder to clean down jackets, it is usually appropriate to put 4 to 5 tablespoons of washing powder in two washbasins. If the concentration is too high, it is difficult to wash off, and the residual washing powder in down will affect the fluffy degree of down and greatly reduce the warmth.
Experience 4: It is best to use neutral detergent.
Neutral detergents do the least harm to clothes and down. If alkaline detergent is used, the residual detergent will cause damage to the down jacket, and it is easy to leave white marks on the surface of the clothes, which will affect the appearance. To remove the residual alkaline detergent, rinse it twice, add two teaspoons of vinegar in warm water, and soak the down jacket for a while before rinsing. Vinegar can neutralize alkaline detergent.
Lesson 5: You can't screw it out.
Don't wring out the down jacket after washing. Water should be squeezed out and then laid flat or hung to dry. Exposure and ironing are prohibited to avoid scalding clothes. After drying, you can pat it gently to make the down jacket fluffy and soft.
7 down products should first pay attention to down content.
The cashmere content and filling amount are the key to determine the quality of down, and the cashmere content is generally above 70%, which has a certain fluffy and moist feeling. The amount of down filling is related to the warmth of down, which should be decided according to the needs of wearing.
Second, pay attention to adaptability.
The specific method is to press down the fluffy down, then release it, and then quickly bounce back to its original state, indicating that fluffy down is good. If the cashmere content is low, mixed with a certain amount of wool or broken wool, the resilience will be poor, and it will feel heavy when you carry it in your hand. The lining of down products should have anti-drilling performance. After a pat, I found that the down products with drilled wool must be inferior.
Third, pay attention to air permeability
Down can't be drilled, but it should be breathable. If the fabric, lining and lining of down have poor air permeability, it will make it difficult for water vapor to disperse during wearing, resulting in wet discomfort and not easy to dry after washing.
Finally, pay attention to the smell of down.
Avoid buying heavy and pungent down. In addition, because it is difficult to identify the quality of the inner filler when buying down, consumers should not only pay attention to the low price, but also pay attention to buying well-known brands, whether the logo on down is complete, and check the factory name, address, ingredient content of fabric lining, washing logo, quality grade, implementation standard code, etc.