Although rice grows in the water layer, flooding can still cause lodging fracture or sediment burial, and induce many diseases. After waterlogging at seedling stage, the slender leaves of seedlings turn yellow, but they can generally resume growth when the water recedes. At tillering stage, the bottom leaves are damaged, the heart leaves are curled, and the leaves are dry after the water recedes, but they generally do not rot. After flooding at jointing stage, the plants are weak and prone to lodging, and the longer the flooding time, the heavier the lodging. After flooding at booting stage, ear rot appeared, and the seed setting rate decreased greatly, resulting in serious yield reduction. When flooded at filling stage, the bottom leaves and the top leaves yellow, seeds can germinate on the panicle, the grain weight decreases, the rice quality deteriorates and the germination rate decreases. The waterlogging loss of rice increases with the increase of waterlogging time and depth, and the higher the water temperature, the more serious the damage.

Recently, rice has entered the reproductive growth stage, and summer buds have been planted, which is the period when all kinds of crops in Da Chun are thriving and rainstorm is frequent. Especially from June 28th to 29th, the meteorological department of Chongqing issued an early warning, and heavy rain occurred in some areas, which was likely to cause floods, which in turn led to floods. After the rainstorm, some towns and streets caused flash floods, causing serious problems such as people, livestock, farm houses and crops. The damage degree of flood disaster to rice varies with the submerged time, velocity and sediment concentration. Continuous heavy rain, rice plants were washed or submerged for a long time, resulting in heavy losses. Therefore, it is very important to take timely measures to reduce the harm of flood disaster to rice.

1. The ditches, gullies and river ditches should be drained in time, and the rice fields should be drained early, so as to reduce the accumulated water in the whole field and field, make the tips of rice plants emerge from the water as soon as possible, and shorten the flooding time; Drainage should be done in time, and seedlings should be washed and supported to reduce harm. In case of high temperature and scorching sun, do not drain water at one time, but keep an appropriate water layer to gradually restore the vitality of rice. If the water is drained once, the vitality of rice is weak because it is soaked in water for a long time, and the stems and leaves are soft, so it is easy to wither in sunny days and scorching sun, but it will aggravate the loss. On the contrary, it can be drained once on cloudy days, which is beneficial to the recovery of rice plants. For flooded rice fields, if the flooding time is less than 24 hours, wash the seedlings immediately after flooding (rinse with clear water repeatedly, but don't damage the stems and leaves again), strengthen the seedlings, and apply fertilizer, focusing on the prevention and control of sheath blight and the second generation of stem borers.

2. Prevent and control diseases, reduce the harm caused by pests and diseases, and enhance the resistance of plants. After waterlogging, rice leaves are damaged, which increases the chance of getting sick easily. Bacteria easily invade rice plants and cause many diseases. Therefore, we should strengthen the inspection of field diseases. Especially bacterial leaf blight, when sporadic diseases or central disease groups occur, it can be controlled by spraying Ye Kunning. When there is more rain, it often causes sheath blight, ear neck blast and rice leaf roller. According to the occurrence characteristics of local pests and diseases, the resistance of varieties and the growth of rice, suitable pesticides should be selected for prevention and control.

3. Pay attention to field observation, suit the remedy to the case and take correct remedial measures. In a flooded rice field, such as water droplets spit on the tip of the leaf in the morning, or "humpback rice" that does not bow its head is a sign of vitality. As long as we strengthen management, we can get some gains.

4. Fertilize outside the roots. In fertilizer-deficient plots, topdressing can be done properly or after the weather clears up, Fengle can be widely used in rice, vegetables, peanuts, sorghum, soybeans and other crops, which can increase the yield by more than 65,438+00%, resist lodging and disease, and have stable quality. Usage: At about 6: 00 in the evening, mix and dissolve 3-4g of the original drug with100g of Chinese liquor. After 30 minutes, mix 50kg (60-80 ppm) of sufficient water and spray it on both sides of crop leaves, 2-3 times, once every 7- 10 day. The application concentration of peanuts, soybeans and sweet potatoes is halved. Or applying potassium dihydrogen phosphate and a plant protective agent.

5. According to the severity of the flood disaster, it is determined that the paddy field storing ratooning rice will be flooded for a long time, and there will be white spikes and spikelets, which have a great impact on rice growth, ranging from 20% to 30% to more than 90%. In this case, according to field observation, if the roots are still intact after being flooded for more than 2 days, but the stem has turned into a white ear, and the heading is not rotten and smelly. You can count down from the upper part of the rice stem and peel off two or three dormant buds, which has a tendency to sprout and grow. This field can store ratooning rice. Only one dormant bud germinated and grew, and the other bud was still in a dormant state, indicating that some young ears could still grow, blossom and bear fruit. Ratooned rice should not be stored in such a field, and field management should be strengthened to obtain better harvest. In the field where ratooning rice is stored, the ear or stuffy ear and upper leaves should be cut off immediately to promote the growth and development of dormant buds, blossom and bear fruit. After the flood recedes, the upper leaves are exposed, and the sediment adhered to the stems and leaves is washed away immediately, which is beneficial to the normal photosynthesis and rapid recovery of physiological functions of plants. And immediately fill the vacancy, repair the washed fields and prevent the rice fields from cracking due to lack of water. Flooded ratooning rice plants contain a lot of nutrients, and there is no need to apply fertilizer in general fields and fertile fields except for 5 kg urea in individual thin fields.

6. Replanting in time. After the rice was flooded, it was identified that the rice stems in the field had withered and rotted, and crops such as autumn corn, autumn sweet potato and vegetables should be replanted immediately.