Lugu Lake is known as the "Pearl of the Plateau", respected by local people as "Mother Lake" and enjoys the reputation of "Oriental Daughter Country". She is famous for maintaining a unique and mysterious traditional matriarchal social form, that is, taking women as the center of life and living a primitive Ashow marriage life. She is a veritable "living fossil of human matriarchal society" and an uncultivated "virgin land". As Locke, a famous American professor, praised in his book The Kingdom of Gunasi in Southwest China: "Without exception, the most beautiful piece of water cannot be imagined as a more beautiful scenery. The lake is as clear as crystal ... and the tranquility and peace shrouded here is really wonderful. Everything is very quiet, and it is really a place suitable for immortals to live. " Today's Lugu Lake deeply expects people to reclaim, develop and carve!
Lugu Lake, known locally as "Xie Na Mi" or "Bright Sea", is hidden in Yanyuan County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, west of China, where the legendary Mosuo people live. The charming Lugu Lake is 2690 meters above sea level, with a water area of 58 square kilometers, an average water depth of 45 meters, the deepest point of more than 90 meters, and the transparency as high as 1 1 meter. There are 5 islands, 3 peninsulas, 1 seawall, 17 beaches and 14 bays in the lake.
Lugu Lake is like a crescent moon, embedded in the mountains. The clear lake is as transparent as a mirror; The lush forest is picturesque green; Red rocks, green forests, white clouds and wild geese flying high are all reflected in the lake, adding infinite charm to the charming Lugu Lake. Really can say "sunset and lonely Qi Fei, autumn waters * * * one color".
China is one of the countries with many types of wetlands, large area, wide distribution and the richest resources in the world. From coastal areas to inland areas, from plains to plateaus, there are wetlands all over the country. Wetlands include lake wetlands, forest wetlands, grassland wetlands, river wetlands and plateau wetlands. China's wetland area has reached 25 million hectares, accounting for about 2.6% of the country's land area, and its scale is second only to Canada and Russia. Among the many wetlands in China, the wetland called "Caohai" by local people in Yanyuan takes the lead in integrating plateau wetland, lake wetland, grassland wetland and river wetland.
Caohai, located in the southeast of Lugu Lake, is a major landscape of Lugu Lake. It is named for its abundance of aquatic plants. It is the only plateau lake with the most complex aquatic plant community in Sichuan Province, surrounded by swamps and overgrown with weeds. The original plants were reeds, rushes and sedges. The lake is green in midsummer and the oasis turns golden in late autumn. Caohai is about 9 kilometers long, with a width of 100 m and an area of 1500 mu. Mosuo people mainly live in Caohai, as well as Yi, Han and Tibetan nationalities. All ethnic groups live around Caohai, as if they were a harmonious family, and spend a spring, summer, autumn and winter with Caohai. People work, graze, bathe, fall in love and have children in the grass sea ... People living here take the grass sea as their birthplace all year round. Caohai is not only beautiful in grass, sea, water, birds and bridges, but also in people and beauty!
In the depths of one third of the reeds in CaoHaidong, there is a wooden bridge spanning north and south, which is more than 300 meters long. It is the longest wooden bridge in China and is known as the first wooden bridge in the world. Locals call it Caohai Bridge and Lover Bridge. Along the long wooden bridge, you can enter the reed sea. The breeze blows gently, and the fluttering reeds scatter snow-white petals like seven fairies; You are also lucky enough to see couples of mandarin ducks swimming around freely, so that you have to tread lightly for fear of disturbing the couple.
Caohai, with the reputation of "lung of the earth", not only shoulders the heavy responsibility of purifying fresh water resources, but also is the base for local people to get rid of poverty and become rich. After the continuous spring rain, the test of the hot summer sun, and the tempering of the autumn wind, it is possible to stand slim in the winter snow! Caohai is a unique natural farm. The lake is rich in schizothorax fish, carp, grass carp, silver carp and other 18 species of fish, as well as various aquatic animals and plants such as red shrimp, river snail, water chestnut, seaweed, shellfish, Cuban bullfrog and so on introduced in recent years, which appropriately confirms the old saying of "catching wild ducks to catch fish". Caohai is also a kingdom of waterfowl. Every winter, thousands of waterfowl flock to Caohai from all directions to live and multiply. According to experts' observation, there are more than ten thousand people every year. Among them, there are national first-class rare birds, such as oriental white stork, black stork, white-tailed eagle, white swan, mandarin duck and black-necked crane, a unique plateau bird in China. Look at the noble and elegant white swan, flawless white stork, gentle black stork, affectionate mandarin duck and precious black-necked crane. They sometimes hover in the air, sometimes play in the grass, sometimes lead their necks to sing, and sometimes dance. What a bird world; Caohai is also a natural cornucopia, where there are abundant products endowed by nature, superior natural ecological environment and inexhaustible aquatic animals and plants.
Moving on, a moving song flew out of the reeds, reminding people of a Mosuo folk song: "Zuosuo (the first district of Yanyuan County) is a good place, with water chestnut shrimp soup, fish in the boat, eggs in the basket, and girls and boys are happy." Accompanied by melodious songs, paddles cut through the calm lake water, and a solitary pig trough boat rowed in front of you from the depths of reeds, making your eyes shine: bright white wild duck eggs, lively fish and red shrimp, dripping water chestnuts, making people drool and relaxed.
Pig trough boat, that is, canoe, is called "the death of the sun" by Mosuo people. It is made of a thick log hollowed out and sharpened at both ends, named after it looks like a long pig trough. Nowadays, there are few hollow logs in the pig trough boat. Many of them are made of three or four pieces of wood, but the shape is still like a pig trough.
When you come to Caohai, you will be attracted by this ancient wooden boat. Boarding the pig trough boat, swinging in the blue waves, relaxing like a dream, do you know the origin of this canoe? Let me tell you: According to legend, a long time ago, Lugu Lake was just a low-lying basin surrounded by mountains. The locals call it Rudy. There are nine villages in the basin, surrounded by dense virgin forests, with beautiful soil, fertile grassland, prosperous population and abundant food. There is a water hole at the foot of Lion Mountain in the west, and there are springs all the year round. A cowherd often comes here to eat grass. Eat water chestnut Baba when you are hungry and drink spring water when you are thirsty. One day, the spring suddenly disappeared. When the shepherd boy saw it, it turned out to be a giant fish blocking the hole. He took out a wooden knife, cut the fish and burned it. Strangely, the giant fish was intact again the next day. From then on, the cowherd no longer brought food from home, but made lunch with fish every day. When people saw Cowherd go out without food, he was still red-faced, his mouth closed and he was not hungry, so they quietly followed Cowherd to see what was going on. When they saw the giant fish in the cave, greedy people wanted to drag it home to enjoy it, so they rushed 9 cows 18, lifted the pole on the shelf, tied the giant fish with 9 big ropes and dragged it out desperately. The fish was pulled out, but disaster followed: the water flooded the hole crazily. In an instant, villages, people and animals were flooded, and the whole basin became a Wang Yang-this is the origin of Lugu Lake. At this critical juncture, only a woman who was feeding pigs used her quick wits to quickly jump into the pig trough and beat it into pulp with a ladle, thus safely avoiding this disaster. In memory of this brave and wise woman, this pig-trough canoe has been used by future generations.
Come on, come on, come on! Please come to the beautiful and charming Lugu Lake and enjoy the colorful folk customs. Explore the true meaning of the celebration of Gem Goddess (the legendary goddess of Mosuo); Feel the simple and heavy cultural heritage; Appreciate the picturesque fantasy picture scroll and interpret one mystery after another that cannot be solved. Lugu Lake's beautiful daughter, swinging a unique pig trough boat, singing euphemistic love songs and dancing happily (Mosuo folk dance), is a picturesque world when the quiet Lugu Lake comes into your eyes, when you open your heart to breathe in the pure and cool Gao Yuanfeng, when Mosuo folk songs from far and near float into your ears, and when strange customs come face to face.
Today, human development is inseparable from the beautiful natural environment and limited natural resources at any time. With the rapid development of the world economy, the natural resources in some areas have been greatly destroyed: environmental pollution, acid rain, ozone layer destruction, climate change, intensified desertification, lack of fresh water resources and so on all seriously threaten human development. "Without wetlands, there would be no water" was the theme of World Wetlands Day in 2003, which sounded the alarm for people. Only by maintaining the freshwater wetland and its natural features can we give full play to the function of the wetland as a natural reservoir.