Bonn church, Germany

Aachen cathedral Chinese name Aachen cathedral or translated as Ahern cathedral

English name Aachen Cathedral

cultural heritage

Approved year number 1978

The heritage originally belonged to the historic city of Aachen.

Heritage status: The famous churches in Germany all belong to Aachen.

1978 was listed in the world heritage list according to the cultural heritage selection criteria C(I)(II)(IV)(VI): 5 16-00 1.

brief introduction

Aachen Cathedral is located in the historic city of Aachen. In 796, Charlemagne formed an alliance with the Pope, conquered the Saxons, destroyed Lombardy and Bavaria, and made an expedition to the Arabs south of the Pyrenees, and established the border areas of Pannonia and Spain, where the Pope crowned him emperor with the title of "Roman Emperor". The territory is almost the same as that of the former western Roman empire, and its power has become powerful. So he ordered the famous architect Oddo to build a palace church, which became the center of the palace complex after completion. Charlemagne tried to restore the prosperity of ancient Rome, but after Charlemagne's death, the three grandchildren separated immediately, forming the main territories of France, Germany and Italy. In the cultural history, Charlemagne (or Charlemagne) period from the 8th century to10th century was called "Carolingian Dynasty". Gothic altar was built in15th century. In recent 150 years, large-scale restoration has been carried out many times, but the masonry outside the church was damaged by long-term air pollution, and the foundation structure of the church in the middle ages also showed some weathering phenomena. When building this church, Oddo combined the late European classical architectural art with the Baiguting architectural art, making the church a great building with a unique style.

The whole building is a Caroline octagonal building with gorgeous decoration. The whole internal structure is characterized by a circular vault, which is the most famous masterpiece of medieval vault architecture. In medieval Christian culture, Carolingian dynasty in the west and Byzantine empire in the east belong to two types. Caroline's art is more extensive and concise. For a time, Charlemagne, who was famous for advocating culture, could only read Germanic and Latin, but he was more reasonable. When the movement of destroying icons spread to the west, although Charlemagne opposed idolatry, he encouraged the decoration with artistic images, including murals in churches, which undoubtedly provided an opportunity for the development of Christian culture. Candlesticks presented by Fidel I of the Roman Empire are displayed in the temple. There is a marble throne of Charlemagne in the corridor. There is Charlemagne's golden chest in the choir room, which contains his relics. Charlemagne's remains are found in the stone tomb of Charlemagne Church built in 12 15. In addition, there are many religious artworks made by famous artists in the church, which are priceless art treasures. Among them, the portrait of St. Luke in the 8 th century gospel manuscript and the holy book of St. Kyle in the 9 th century manuscript. These portraits reflect the naivety of early medieval painting in depicting characters, but they also show unique national and folk characteristics (different from Byzantium). The figures created according to the needs of pattern decoration are similar to the idols in primitive tribes, but highly balanced and symmetrical, with very uniform circular lines, which are not inferior to classical Greek vase paintings and Dunhuang murals, creating fictional "human" (god) representatives instead of real people and expressing the "sacred passion" of Christianity.

After the completion of Aachen Cathedral, it was regarded as a miracle and worshipped. At the same time, it also expressed the desire of western emperors to try to be on an equal footing with the emperors of the Eastern Roman Empire. Cathedral is a masterpiece of art, which has played a decisive role in the development of a new culture formed and prospered after classicism. Until the late Middle Ages, many royal buildings adopted its model, and the church was built in the court, which became a power symbol of the integration of politics and religion. Aachen Cathedral is now on the World Heritage List.

The overall structure of this palace church is rectangular and the roof is arched. It was built in the era of Charlemagne from 790 to 800 AD. The inspiration of this church comes from the Eastern Church in the Roman Empire. In the Middle Ages, the church palace was decorated with many luxuriant decorations.

Aachen Cathedral, also known as Baladin Chapel, is a famous church in Germany and the most important example of the existing architectural art of Caroline Dynasty. She is located in Aachen, the westernmost city in Germany, near the border between Belgium and the Netherlands. This is a famous pilgrimage site. This church building is very religious and cultural. This octagonal building combines the essence of Byzantine and Frankish architectural styles, and is a representative building of Caroline Dynasty during the Renaissance. Its internal structure is characterized by a Germanic dome made of colored stones. This chapel is 3.9 meters high and has been the tallest building in Germany for many centuries. The interior is decorated with classical columns. The church gate and fence are all bronze buildings, which are the only bronze products of Caroline dynasty. They are classical in style, probably by Lombardy craftsmen.

Charlemagne, who once lived in the Palace of Aachen, regarded Aachen as the second Rome in order to show his equal status with the emperor of the Roman Empire. In 785 AD, he ordered the construction of a palace chapel in Aachen, which is the "Aachen Cathedral" that has survived to this day. In 805 AD, Aachen Cathedral was designated as the Bishop's Church. In August14, the body of Charlemagne was buried in Aachen Cathedral. There is an inscription on the tomb, and a red beard bronze chandelier presented by Frederick I in 1 168 is hung above it. During the Gothic period, the church added choir seats, several chapels and foyer. Because Friedrich I listed Charlemagne as a saint, it has become a famous pilgrimage site in the northern Alps, and many pilgrims come here every year.

Aachen was a famous hot spring resort during the Roman Empire. There are many medical hot springs that are rare in Europe. When Charlemagne built Chapelle Palace in Aachen, he dreamed of building a city as splendid as Rome. In the Middle Ages, Aachen was one of the major German cities and the permanent residence of the Frankish king, especially loved by Charlemagne. This is the bathing place frequented by the king. During World War II, the urban area was partially destroyed and rebuilt after the war, becoming a city full of historical and cultural atmosphere. Aachen Cathedral was started in 786 AD and completed in 805 AD. It is one of the greatest buildings in Europe. This octagonal church with a huge dome is modeled after the Italian Saint Vital Church (according to another source, it is modeled after the octagonal church in Antioquia and the Saint Church in Lavaine). It has the artistic style of Byzantine architecture, and the whole interior features a dome. /kloc-in 0/350, the palace church built a new tower on its west side to preserve the church treasures. Among these church treasures, the sacred box of the Virgin Mary is the most famous. This sacred box contains the legendary pieces of clothes of Christ, the Virgin Mary and St. John. 14 14 and 1884 built altars on both sides respectively. 1669 octagonal building with vault.

As the Charlemagne Palace Church, Aachen Cathedral has preserved its original historical features for thousands of years, with the chapel palace as its core building. Chapelle Palace was the largest dome building in the northern Alps at that time. This is an octagonal building with unique style and gorgeous decoration. It successfully combines the artistic styles of classical architecture, Byzantine architecture and Gothic architecture. Chapelle Palace occupies a very important position in European history: during the nearly 600 years from 936 to 153 1, Aachen Cathedral was the place where 32 German kings were crowned, and it was also the place where many imperial congresses and religious gatherings were held. In the Middle Ages, devout people flocked to Aachen Cathedral for pilgrimage. In order to accommodate more people, a choir hall was built and opened on the 600th day after the death of Charlemagne. Since then, this splendid building has never stopped being worshipped, and Aachen Cathedral has been shining in history. Germany's UNESCO World Heritage Organization described it as "the first symbol of German architecture and art history", which completely and accurately summarized the important value of Aachen Cathedral.

This unique building has many towering spires, and the door is surrounded by several layers of relief and stone carvings. In the chapel palace, the candlestick presented by the holy Roman emperor Frederick I was displayed, and Chen Fang was in the corridor with the marble throne of Charlemagne at that time. There is also Charlemagne's gold chest in the choir, which contains his relics. In addition, there are many exquisite bronzes, ivory vessels, gold and silver handicrafts and religious works of famous artists in the church. The artistic wealth of Aachen Cathedral is considered as the most important church art treasure in Northern Europe.

Aachen Cathedral is a famous church in Germany, located in Aachen. Aachen is the westernmost city in Germany, near the border between Belgium and the Netherlands. Aachen was a famous hot spring resort during the Roman Empire. When Charlemagne built Chapelle Palace in Aachen, he dreamed of building a city as splendid as Rome. In the Middle Ages, Aachen was one of the major German cities and the permanent residence of the Frankish king, especially loved by Charlemagne. From the tenth century to the sixteenth century, it was the site of the coronation ceremony of the German king for 32 years and many imperial conferences and religious gatherings. In the18th century and10th century, it was a bathing place frequented by kings. During World War II, the urban area was partially destroyed and rebuilt after the war, becoming a city full of historical and cultural atmosphere. Aachen Cathedral was started in 786 AD and completed in 805 AD. It is one of the greatest buildings in Europe. This octagonal church with a huge dome is modeled after the church of San Vital in Italy, with Byzantine architectural style, and the dome is the main feature of the whole interior. 14 14 and 1884 built altars on both sides respectively. 1669 octagonal building with vault.

As the palace church of Charlemagne, Aachen Cathedral has kept its original historical features for thousands of years, and the core building is the chapel palace mentioned above. Chapelle Palace was the largest dome building in the northern Alps at that time. This is an octagonal building with unique style and gorgeous decoration. It successfully combines the artistic styles of classical architecture, Byzantine architecture and Gothic architecture. Chapelle Palace occupies a very important position in European history: during the nearly 600 years from 936 to 153 1, Aachen Cathedral was the place where 32 German kings were crowned, and it was also the place where many imperial congresses and religious gatherings were held. In the Middle Ages, devout people flocked to Aachen Cathedral for pilgrimage. In order to accommodate more people, a choir hall was built and opened on the 600th day after the death of Charlemagne. Since then, this splendid building has never stopped being worshipped, and Aachen Cathedral has been shining in history. Germany's UNESCO World Heritage Organization described it as "the first symbol of German architecture and art history", which completely and accurately summarized the important value of Aachen Cathedral.