The first stage: Baroque and Rococo styles swept Vienna-1683 to 1786.
Until 1683, the confrontation between Austria and Ottoman Turkish Empire made prinz eugen completely repel Turkey, and Austria, which celebrated the end of the war, began its first prosperous years. This is a new era when many important buildings in Vienna come out. Among these magnificent palaces decorated with statues and French gardens, the most famous are the summer palace of the hero prinz eugen-Bevidi Palace, the summer palace of the royal family-Liquan Palace, and St. Carl's Church, which thanked the gods for the end of the plague.
Hofburg, which surrounds the palace, has also built Chinese-style houses one after another, and the nobles of the palace are constantly flowing in Karaben Street. Maria Teresa's time is still at its peak, and she is determined to build Vienna into "the music city of Europe". Mozart, a musical genius from Salzburg, amazed the Habsburg family. Classical music prevailed in Vienna's upper class, which established Vienna's eternal position in the music industry.
The second stage: the waltz era of singing every night-1806 to 1848.
Napoleon's invasion of Vienna shattered the concept of absolute power of the nobility and triggered a new concept of the general public. But after the Vienna Conference, the new order established by nobles excluded civilians from political power. This group of people who are rich, idle and unable to interfere in the country accepted the royal family's love for music, and Beethoven, Schubert and Johann Strauss II successively composed music for the people of this city. Among them, Johann Strauss II created countless classic waltzes; Cafes are everywhere, celebrities and civilians hang around all day and discuss current events. Concert halls, cafes and opera houses are crowded with audiences and dancers. This is an era of popular civilian culture, such as going to cafes, listening to music and dancing. It was called Biedermeier in Biedermeier's time. "Biedermeier" was the hero's name of a best-selling book at that time, which was taken from its simple, hardworking and music-loving outlook on life of ordinary people.
The third stage: Ring Road to create a retro climax-1857 to 1890.
Franz Joseph, the last emperor of the Habsburg dynasty, demolished the old city of Vienna and re-planned a boulevard around the city center. Along the boulevard, new Italian Renaissance-style buildings are impressively listed, such as the National Art Museum, the Natural History Museum, the City Hall and the Parliament Building. 1880 to complete the ring road. What you see now is what it looked like a hundred years ago. The only difference is that the carriage was replaced by a car.
The completion of the ring road symbolizes the last prosperity of the Habs dynasty. During this period, Johann Strauss II's operettas, waltzes and other masterpieces appeared frequently. The National Opera House, the temple of world music, was repeatedly built on the ring road. John Jr.' s Bat was the first performance, and Brahms and other scholars also entered Vienna.
The fourth stage: "Separatist" new artists opened the door to modern art-1897 to 19 18.
In 65,438+09, painters and artists headed by fresco Klimt, architects Otto Wagner and Rudolf Ross announced the establishment of "Separatists" in 65,438+0897 to show their departure from the retro-ism symbolized by the circular road. These attempts have established artists belonging to the art of the new era and completed a series of revolutionary works. Among them are Klimt's Kiss, Beethoven's lintel, Hauptpostamt of Wagner's Postal Savings Office, Karlsplatz Pavilions of Karl Station, and Loos Haus of the unpretentious Los Pavilion. Although these works were criticized at that time, these artists finally created their own style for the "new Vienna" with their strength.