Plastic surgery refers to the scientific, technical and artistic medical science that uses medical techniques such as surgery, drugs and medical devices to repair and reshape the appearance and shape of various parts of the human body in order to enhance the external aesthetic feeling of the human body. The first person to apply the word plastic surgery to medicine was Dr. Chase, who published a book "Hand Bucher Plastic Surgery Chirugua" in 1838, using this word to describe the ability of surgeons to repair or transform body parts damaged by diseases or injuries. Although plastic surgery is a term that only appeared in the19th century, the concept of plastic surgery began to develop thousands of years ago.

The earliest operation-BC 10000: Peruvians in South America cut a hole in the cheekbone, and new bone formed next to the hole, indicating that the patient was still alive afterwards. Although we don't know the purpose of the operation, this technique is very similar to the way modern neurosurgeons treat subdural hematoma.

The earliest plastic surgery-BC 1 000: India began to record the reconstruction of the external ear or nose injured in the war. About 400B Indian surgeon Susruta described the practice of reconstructing nasal tip and external ear with cheek tissue. These surgical attempts even predate the invention of surgical sutures.

Due to the needs of patients whose noses were cut off in fencing duels, Central Europe developed the method of reconstructing nose defects with upper arm flaps in the15th century, which was called "Italian-style" nose reconstruction because Tagiacozzi of Italy strongly advocated it. "

However, Tagliacozzi's operation was accused by the church at that time as "against the will of God". He is also looked down upon by many contemporary people. For example, the French writer Voltaire ridiculed him in his poems, and Dr. Paley, who discovered modern wound care technology, also criticized his practice. It is said that Tagiacozzi's body was even dug up and abandoned in the wilderness as punishment.