Black dates reproduce with seeds. Picking ripe fruits, grinding off pulp and taking out seeds; Layered with wet sand before and after the light snow festival, sown in the spring of the following year, or directly broadcast in the field in early February 165438+65438/late October; Water for the second time before overwintering, and seedlings will emerge in the next spring.

First, the main points of colonization

Dig a planting ditch with a row spacing of 5m, width and depth 100 cm ×80 cm. When filling ditches, the topsoil and organic fertilizer are mixed and filled into the bottom layer. Choose healthy seedlings with stem diameter above 1 cm, complete root system, no pests and diseases, and no damage for field planting. Digging a planting pit in mid-March, adopting a rectangular planting method, watering 1 time in time and spraying 800 times of new high-fat film after planting according to conventional planting techniques can effectively prevent evaporation of water on the ground and transpiration of seedlings, isolate pests and diseases, shorten the slow seedling stage, and make plants adapt to the new environment quickly and grow healthily.

Second, the management of soil, fertilizer and water.

After the garden is built, before freezing every autumn, the soil outside the planting ditch should be widened by 100 cm every year, and the surface mixed organic fertilizer should be applied at the bottom of the ditch to create a good soil environment for root growth. Every year, 50 kg of organic pigsty fertilizer and 2 kg of phosphate-nitrate compound fertilizer are applied to every 100 cm ditch in combination with expanding ditches and improving soil in autumn. At the same time, 20 kilograms of pig manure was applied to each black date. After watering in spring, loosen the soil 1 time, then spray herbicide 1 time to remove weeds in the garden, and spray it 2-3 times a year. After picking fruits in autumn, combine with the application of organic fertilizer in autumn to carry out deep ploughing in the whole garden.

Third, shaping and pruning

1. Pruning of young trees: thinning out competing branches, upright strong branches and tightly squeezed branches, retracting the weak branches and drooping branches that have already borne fruit, and placing the extended branches of the central trunk and main branches at all levels for a long time.

2. Pruning in the full fruit stage: the black jujube cultivated in medium density enters the full fruit stage in the fifth year. The pruning tasks at this stage are as follows: thinning out the large branches and large branches in the periphery and upper part, improving the illumination in the inner room, and promoting the germination of new branches through hidden buds in the inner room; Thinning drooping branches, retracting excessively long fruiting branches, maintaining tree vigor and stabilizing yield. The wound caused by pruning should be sealed with "calluses antiseptic film" in time to prevent dryness and invasion of pests and diseases.

Fourth, disinfection and sterilization

Before sprouting in winter and early spring, spray the trees with the mixture of "universal tree protector" and sulfur to keep warm and prevent freezing, and eliminate the wintering places of pests and diseases. In a word, black dates have excellent characteristics such as early fruiting, easy management and pest resistance, which are deeply loved by fruit farmers. In order to achieve high and stable yield of black dates, it is especially necessary to strengthen the management of the above aspects.