6 rural orchard contract standard template (on)? Party A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _
? Party B: _ _ _ _ _ _
? In order to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of Party A and Party B, according to the Land Contract Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and other relevant laws and regulations, to implement forestry production, develop fruit industry, develop efficient farmland, stabilize farmers' planting structure, and further improve land contract procedures. Upon the research and decision of Party A's mass representatives, Party A agrees to contract the 10 mu pear tree land planted by Party B's Li Shunqing in the north of the village to Party B, and the four boundaries of a piece of land contracted by Party A has clear boundaries and no boundary disputes.
? One or four contracted orchards
? The four orchards contracted by Party A to Party B are: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
? Second, the deadline for contracting orchards.
? The general contracting period is one hundred and twenty years (from _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _).
? Third, the contract cost.
? The contract fee is: Party B enjoys the land allocation contract qualification of Party A according to law.
? Four. Rights and obligations of Party A
? 1. After signing this agreement, Party A guarantees that the orchard area will remain unchanged when the land in the group is slightly adjusted in the future; When the land in the group is slightly adjusted in the future, the land population will be allocated according to the law of the household, and the land area distribution will be supplemented or deducted after deducting the orchard area.
? 2. Party A guarantees that Party B's orchard has convenient transportation and smooth drainage.
? V. Rights and obligations of Party B
? 1. After the signing of this agreement, the crops planted around Party B's orchard shall not be damaged. The land around the orchard is 3 meters wide, and no trees are planted to ensure the normal growth of surrounding crops.
? 2. After the signing of this agreement, Party B shall have the right to land contracting, use, management, income and product disposal, and shall have the right to plant trees freely.
? Intransitive verb others
? 1. After the expiration of this agreement, when the land in the group is slightly adjusted in the future, under the same conditions, the orchard area will be used and managed by Party B in priority.
? 2. For matters not covered in this agreement, Party A and Party B shall negotiate separately, and the terms of the new agreement shall have the same effect as the original agreement.
? 3. After the signing of this agreement, Party A and Party B and either party shall not change or terminate the performance of this agreement without authorization for any reason.
? Seven. responsibility for breach of contract
? Party A and Party B consciously perform the provisions of this agreement. If it breaches the contract unilaterally, the breaching party will bear all the economic losses caused by it.
? Eight. force of law
? This agreement has legal effect from the date of signature (or fingerprint) by both parties.
? Nine. supplementary terms
? This Agreement is made in quadruplicate, one for Party A and Party B, one for Yang Lou Caogou Village Committee of Party A and one for Yang Lou Township Center Legal Service Office of Fangcheng County, all of which have the same legal effect.
? Party A (official seal): _ _ _ _ Party B (official seal): _ _ _ _ _
? Legal representative (signature): _ _ _ _ _ Legal representative (signature): _ _ _ _ _
? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
6 rural orchard contract standard template (below)? Party A: _ _ _ _ _ _ Name: _ _ _ _ _ _ ID card: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
? Party B: _ _ _ _ _ _ Name: _ _ _ _ _ _ ID card: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
? Party A and Party B have reached an agreement on the subcontracting (leasing) of the contracted management right of Walnut Garden in this village in accordance with the Rural Land Contract Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and other relevant laws, regulations and national policies and on the principle of equal consultation and voluntary compensation, and concluded this contract.
? Article 1: Location and quantity of contracted orchards
? Party A contracts the orchard located in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
? Article 2: Term of Contract
? The term of the contract is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ years.
? Article 3: Contract Price
? 1. Party A and Party B agree to pay the land contract fee once every _ _ _ _ _.
? 2. The contract fee is RMB per mu, and the land contracted by Party B is RMB per mu. The payment shall be subject to the receipt issued by Party A. The contract fee includes various expenses such as land rent, taxes and fees paid to the state and the collective according to law.
? Article 4: Rights and obligations of Party A
? 1. Party A has the right to use the contracted orchard.
? 2. Party A has the right to supervise Party B to perform the obligations stipulated in this contract, but shall not interfere with Party B's right to operate independently.
? 3. During the contract period, if the orchard is requisitioned, Party A shall get the land requisition fee for the orchard and the compensation fee for the attachments on the ground. If the fruit trees are in full bloom at this time, Party A will give Party B appropriate economic compensation.
? Article 5: Rights and obligations of Party B.
? 1. Party B must strengthen the management of the orchard, timely intertillage, weeding, ridging, fertilization and pest control, and the expenses required shall be borne by Party B. ..
? 2. Strengthen pruning and tending during the growth period of fruit trees, prune and whitewash in winter, and maintain a good tree shape to prolong the fruiting period of fruit trees. Fruit tree pruning materials belong to Party B. ..
? 3. Party B has the right to manage the orchard independently and sell the fruit.
? 4. During the contract period, if the land is expropriated, the compensation for land expropriation and the attachments on the ground shall be owned by Party A. ..
? Article 6: Liability for breach of contract
? 1. If either party breaches the contract, it shall pay liquidated damages to the observant party; The amount of liquidated damages is 65438+ 00% of the total contract funds paid according to the length of service life;
? 2. During the contract period, Party A shall assist in handling matters. If Party A fails to provide support and assistance, resulting in business losses for Party B, Party A will bear the losses;
? 2. If one party's breach of contract causes economic losses to the other party, the breaching party shall compensate the other party for the corresponding economic losses. The specific amount of compensation for Party B shall be determined by both parties through consultation according to the specific losses or decided by the court. If Party A violates this contract, the compensation amount shall be the total investment of Party B in the contracted land.
? Article 7. settlement of dispute
? Any dispute arising from the conclusion, entry into force, performance, modification or dissolution of this contract shall be settled by both parties through consultation. If negotiation fails, it shall be submitted to the local people's court for adjudication.
? Article 8: Supplementary provisions
? 1. This contract shall come into effect as of the date of signature by both parties. If there are any matters not covered in this contract, both parties shall make a supplementary explanation in the schedule of the agreement through consultation.
? 2. Supplementary clauses have the same legal effect as this contract.
? 3. After the expiration of the contract, under the same conditions, Party B has the priority to contract.
? 4. This contract is made in duplicate, one for each party, and it will take effect after being signed.
? Party A (official seal): _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Party B (official seal): _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
? Legal representative (signature): _ _ _ _ _ Legal representative (signature): _ _ _ _ _
? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
6 rural orchard contract standard template (3)? Both parties to the contract:
? Party A:
? Party B:
? In order to develop fruit tree production, strengthen the sense of responsibility in orchard management, and increase the economic income of collectives and individuals, according to the spirit of the central document (83) and (84) 1, after careful discussion at the villagers' meeting, Party A and Party B hereby sign this contract through full consultation, and both parties shall abide by it.
? Article 1: Location and quantity of contracted orchards
? Party A will contract the 30-mu orchard located in Maidijiao Administrative Village to Party B. The ownership of the land belongs to Party A, the ownership of the above-ground attachments belongs to Party B, and Party B has the right to operate and the right to contract income. During the contract period, Party B's family members have the right to contract for inheritance. After the expiration of the contract, Party B has the priority to contract.
? Article 2: Term of Contract
? The term of the contract is five years, from June 20, 2006, 65438+1 October 1 to June 20, 20061(solar calendar).
? Article 3: Contract Fees, Time and Method of Payment
? During the contract period, Party B shall pay the contract fee of RMB 22,000 Yuan at the time of signing the contract, and Party A shall issue a receipt after receiving the payment. Payment time is 20_ years 65438+ 10 month 1 (solar calendar).
? Article 4: Rights and obligations of Party A
? 1. Party A has the right to use the contracted orchard.
? 2. Party A has the right to supervise Party B to perform the obligations stipulated in this contract, but shall not interfere with Party B's right to operate independently.
? 3. During the contract period, if the garden is requisitioned, Party A owns the land acquisition funds of the orchard, and other compensation funds except the land acquisition funds belong to Party B, and Party A has the obligation to coordinate Party B to successfully obtain other compensation funds except the land acquisition funds.
? Article 5: Rights and obligations of Party B.
? 1. Party B must strengthen the management of the orchard, timely intertillage, weeding, ridging, fertilization and pest control, and the expenses required shall be borne by Party B. ..
? 2. Strengthen pruning and tending during the growth period of fruit trees, prune and whitewash in winter, and maintain a good tree shape to prolong the fruiting period of fruit trees. Fruit tree pruning materials belong to Party B. ..
? 3. Party B has the right to manage the orchard independently and sell the fruit.
? 4. During the contract period, if this land is requisitioned, all compensation shall be owned by Party B, except the land requisition money.
? Article 6: Liability for breach of contract
? 1. If Party A terminates the contract without reason, it shall pay Party B a penalty of two hundred and twenty thousand Yuan ten times the contract cost.
? 2. If Party B fails to pay the contract fee within the time limit, it shall pay liquidated damages to Party A at the rate of three ten thousandths of the daily contract fee.
? 3. After the expiration of the contract, Party B needs to continue to contract the orchard. Party A may not contract to others, but only to Party B. If Party A insists on not contracting to Party B, it shall make compensation according to the first paragraph of Article 6 of this contract.
? Article 7: Force Majeure
? During the contract period, the orchard may be exempted from the contract fee in the current year if it encounters natural disasters of force majeure, resulting in reduced production and no fruit harvest in that year; In case of production reduction, both parties shall negotiate and reduce the contracting fee of Party B according to the facts. Party B shall not be responsible for the damage of fruit trees caused by force majeure.
? Article 8: Others
? This contract shall come into effect as of the date of signature by both parties, and neither party may change or terminate the contract without authorization. If the representative of Party A changes, this contract shall not be changed. If there are any matters not covered in this contract, Party A and Party B shall negotiate and make supplementary provisions. Supplementary terms have the same effect as this contract.
? The original of this contract is in duplicate, one for each party;
? Party A: (official seal)
? On behalf of:
? Party B: (seal or signature)
? Completed in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
6 rural orchard contract standard template (4)? Party A (Employer):
? Party B (contractor):
? Through negotiation, Party A and Party B sign the following contract for Party B's contracting of Party A's acre apple orchard for mutual compliance:
? 1. Location and area: Party A will contract the apple orchards located in counties and villages together with houses and other production facilities to Party B..
? Ii. term of the contract: year, since? Year? Month? Every day? Month? Day.
? Three. Contract deposit: RMB 10000.00 yuan. Pay RMB per mu per year, RMB per mu per year. The deposit will be paid to the contract fee in the last year, and the overpayment will make up for the shortfall.
? Four. Commitment of contract fees and related expenses
? 1. Contract fee: RMB10,000.00 Yuan shall be paid every year, from year to year, from year to year? Ten thousand yuan, paid every year from to? Ten thousand dollars, every year for the next ten years? Ten thousand yuan, until the expiration of the contract. After the expiration of the contract, Party A will take back the contracted orchard and the houses and other living facilities on the orchard land free of charge. What is the annual contract fee? Pay in full before the end of the month. If it is not paid within the specified time, it will be regarded as a breach of contract and the contract will be terminated automatically. Party A reserves the right to further recover the contract fees owed. This contract fee shall be paid by Party B to Party A, and the original contract fee paid by Party A to (county/township/village/individual) shall be paid by Party A itself.
? 2. Other related expenses:
? (1) Party A shall provide Party B with housing and warehouse free of charge, and Party B shall pay the utilities. Party B shall always maintain the house, smear and clean it to ensure its habitability, and shall not modify or destroy the house. Man-made damage shall be repaired or compensated. second
? Party B shall not stay overnight or sublet the house to unknown persons, otherwise all consequences shall be borne by Party B.. Party B and its employees shall abide by the national family planning policy and obey the local public security management.
? (2) If the water well is scrapped, it is necessary to drill a new well, and the expenses shall be borne by Party A. The normal maintenance expenses of the well or the damage of the well caused by Party B's improper use, including the damage of the motor and water pump, shall be maintained and borne by Party B..
? (3) Party B shall pay the electricity fee on time and obey the management of the local power department.
? (4) Expenses incurred by Party B in purchasing pesticides, fertilizers and saplings after contracting the orchard. It is used for production, employees' wages and my living expenses, hail suppression fees charged by relevant government departments, etc. It shall be borne by Party B, and Party A shall not bear any expenses.
? (5) During the contract period, the newly-built fixed buildings invested by Party B will be handed over to Party A free of charge after the expiration of the contract, and can be used if Party B continues to contract. Party B shall actively complete the voluntary work arranged by the local government and the village committee.
? (6) In case of hail, Party B suffers huge losses, and the contract fee shall be settled by both parties through negotiation.
? (7) All accidental injuries and work-related injuries that occur when Party B works with employees in production shall be borne by Party B itself.
? V. Technical requirements:
? Party A has the right to supervise key links such as fertilization, girdling, girdling, water release and pruning of Party B.. Open space needs replanting, and there is no shortage of plants. When thinning, grafting, pruning and pruning, Party B shall come up with a plan, which can only be implemented after negotiation and consent by both parties. Apply organic fertilizer, oil residue or farmyard manure once every two years. It is recommended not to be evasive. If girdling is required, it shall be approved by Party A.. According to the growth demand of fruit trees, water them on time to avoid dry death.
? 6. Party B must pay all fees to the water management department and relevant government departments according to regulations.
? 7. During the contract period, Party B shall properly protect the shelterbelt around the orchard and shall not cut it down at will.
? 8. During the contract period, Party B shall not subcontract or sublet the orchard privately, and shall not use the contract as valuable mortgage. During the contract period, in case of an accident, Party B's relatives (wife, son and daughter) have the priority and the right to continue to perform the contract. When the contract expires, Party B has the priority to contract. During the contract period, both parties agree that the land can be transferred.
? Nine. Party A shall not breach the contract without reason.
? X. Liability for breach of contract:
? (1) If Party B breaches the contract, this contract will be terminated naturally, and the deposit will not be returned, and all the investments made by Party B will not be returned or compensated. Before the expiration of the contract, if Party B requests to terminate the contract, all investments will not be counted.
? (2) If Party A breaches the contract, the deposit collected will be returned to Party B in double (Party B will not contribute).
? (3) No matter who breaches the contract, both parties have the right to investigate the economic losses caused by the other party.
? XI。 This contract is made in duplicate, one for each party, and shall come into effect as of the date of signature by both parties. 12. If there are matters not covered in this contract, both parties may sign a supplementary agreement separately, and the supplementary agreement has the same legal effect as this agreement.
? Signature of Party A: Signature of Party B:
? Year? Month? What year and day? Month? sun
6 rural orchard contract standard template (5)? Party A (Employer):
? Party B (contractor):
? In order to open up the market economy, promote the development of agricultural production and adjust the rural industrial structure, we should develop from traditional agriculture to large-scale agriculture, characteristic agriculture and modern agriculture to drive farmers to increase their income and become rich. On the basis of voluntariness, equality and mutual benefit, Jinxian Arctic Ecological Orchard and Yuan Zhanghua, a fruit technician in Jiangkou Town, pengshan county City, Sichuan Province, reached an agreement on contracting orchards. The contents of the agreement and contract are as follows:
? 1. Party A will contract Xinyu tangerines and peaches with an area of about 200 mu in the Arctic aquatic ecological orchard in Jianshe Village, Qili Township, Jinxian County to Party B..
? 2. The term of the contract is 10 year, that is, 20xx 1 year to 20xx 1 year 10 month.
? 3. After contracting the orchard, Party B will manage and invest (chemical fertilizer, pesticide, intertillage, weeding, pruning, pest control, guarding and labor wages). In which: Party B goes home for the New Year at the end of each year. During this period, Party B shall not be responsible for the damage caused to the fruit trees by anyone or livestock.
? 4. Benefit distribution: 30% of Party A's total income (including villagers' rent) and 70% of Party B's total income (responsible for full investment).
? 5. Payment time: Party B shall pay 30% of the down payment to Party A from the date when the fruit buyer pays the down payment, and 30% of the fruit sales in the middle. After Party B sells the last load of fruit, it shall settle accounts with Party A and pay off 30% of Party A's current income.
? 6. Party A and Party B sincerely cooperate and trust each other. The fruit produced in the orchard, including sales channels and prices, shall be agreed by both parties.
? 7. During the validity period of this contract, if the fruit trees and fruits of that year are seriously damaged by extraordinarily serious, devastating and irresistible natural disasters (such as high temperature, freezing, hail, typhoon, insect pests, poisonous gas, etc.). ), Party A reduces Party A's commission according to the degree of damage, and Party B will not be responsible for the death of fruit trees.
? 8. During the validity of this contract, if anyone or livestock damages or steals fruit trees, Party B shall hand them over to Party A for full disposal.
? Nine. Liability for breach of contract: Party A and Party B shall abide by this contract and shall not breach it. If one party breaches the contract, it shall compensate the other party for direct and indirect economic losses.
? X. Matters not covered in this Agreement shall be supplemented by both parties through consultation, and the supplementary agreement shall have the same legal effect.
? XI。 This contract is made in duplicate, one for each party.
? 12. Once signed by both parties, this contract has the same legal effect.
? Thirteen. This contract is hereby certified so as not to be invalid in the future.
? Party A (official seal): _ _ _ _ Party B (official seal): _ _ _ _ _
? Legal representative (signature): _ _ _ _ _ Legal representative (signature): _ _ _ _ _
? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
? Employer (lessor): _ _ _ _ _ _ Village Economic Cooperative (hereinafter referred to as Party A)
? Contractor (lessee): _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (hereinafter referred to as Party B)
6 Standard template of rural orchard contract (6)? Employer (Party A): _ _ _ _ _ _
? Contractor (Party B): _ _ _ _ _ _
? First, the name and location of the contracted orchard:
? Orchard name: _ _ _ _ _ _ _;
? Orchard location: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _,
? The land with a land area of about _ _ _ _ _ _ mu shall be subcontracted to Party B. ..
? 2. Term of the contract: from _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
? III. Contract Price:
? 1. Both parties agree to pay the land contract fee once every _ _ _ _ _.
? 2. The contract fee is RMB per mu, and the land contracted by Party B is RMB per mu. The payment shall be subject to the receipt issued by Party A. The contract fee includes various expenses such as land rent, taxes and fees paid to the state and the collective according to law.
? Four, the confirmation of forest assets and other assets transfer costs
? Party A agrees to transfer all the above-ground forest assets of Party A and all other assets of Party A to Party B for free at one time. After the expiration, the original above-ground infrastructure such as houses, wells and trees will be returned to the village Committee at a discount at the reasonable price at that time. If Party B renews the contract, priority will be given to the market price.
? V. Rights and obligations of both parties
? (I) Rights and obligations of Party A
? 1. Party A guarantees that it has the right to use the contracted land. After Party B signs the contract, no third party may claim any rights from Party B during the contract period;
? 2. Maintain Party B's land contractual management right, and shall not unilaterally change or terminate the contract;
? 3. Respect Party B's autonomy in production and operation, and shall not interfere with Party B's normal production and operation activities according to law;
? 4. During the validity of this contract, the contract gold shall be paid once every _ _ _ _ _ _ years.
? 5. During Party B's operation in the orchard, Party A shall not refuse any related matters requiring Party A's assistance, but shall assist in handling them; After the expiration of the contract, Party A shall assist in the formalities of renewing the orchard contract;
? 6. The contract between Party A and the landowner is still valid. Party A's obligations as a contractor shall still be borne by Party A. However, if Party A fails to perform its obligations under the subcontract due to Party B's failure to perform its obligations under the subcontract, Party B shall jointly bear the liability for cross-breach. ..
? (II) Rights and obligations of Party B
? 1. Enjoy the right to use, benefit and transfer the contracted land, and have the right to independently organize the production, management and disposal of products;
? 2. Party B has the right to refuse the party responsible for the contract to change the contract content or unreasonable apportionment;
? 3 contracted land is requisitioned and occupied according to law (for example, whoever invests in planting trees on the existing land will be compensated; However, the premise is that the existing trees on the ground cannot be changed. If there is any change, it must be approved by Party A after checking, otherwise the compensation will be unreasonable. Investors have the right to receive corresponding compensation according to law;
? 4. During the contract period, in case of natural disasters, Party B has the right to ask Party A to postpone the payment of the contract money, and both parties have the right to directly apply to the relevant departments for tax reduction and exemption and to apply for the release of disaster relief funds; At the same time, compensation shall be made according to the forest damage of Party A and Party B;
? 5. Pay the contract fee according to the land contract price and payment method agreed in the contract.
? Six, the transfer of land contractual management rights
? 1. Party B may transfer the contracted land by subcontracting, leasing, exchange, etc., and the transfer proceeds shall be enjoyed by Party B; However, Party A's consent is required, otherwise it will be invalid;
? 2 land transfer period shall not exceed the remaining period of the contract period;
? 3. After the land is transferred, the land contract fee, the payment term and method of the contract fee shall still be executed by Party B according to the contract.
? Seven. Commitment of creditor's rights and debts
? Before the signing of this contract, the creditor's rights and debts related to the contracted land shall be borne by Party A and have nothing to do with Party B; The creditor's rights and debts of the contracted land and the third party involved in the contracting process shall be borne by Party B and have nothing to do with Party A. ..
? Eight, land acquisition compensation and contract payment changes
? During the contract period, Party A shall not unilaterally forcibly recover the contracted land. In case of unforeseen events such as land requisition for national construction, unified planning of farmland capital construction, land development and comprehensive management, the land compensation fee shall be owned by Party A; Compensation for crops and attachments on the ground should be distributed according to the principle that whoever invests benefits. According to the situation, Party A is responsible for reducing the contracted amount of land contracted by Party B in proportion to the reduced area.
? Nine. responsibility for breach of contract
? 1. If either party breaches the contract, it shall pay liquidated damages to the observant party; The amount of liquidated damages is 65438+ 00% of the total contract funds paid according to the length of service life;
? 2. During the contract period, Party A shall assist in handling matters. If Party A fails to provide support and assistance, resulting in business losses for Party B, Party A will bear the losses;
? 2. If one party's breach of contract causes economic losses to the other party, the breaching party shall compensate the other party for the corresponding economic losses. The specific amount of compensation for Party B shall be determined by both parties through consultation according to the specific losses or decided by the court. If Party A violates this contract, the compensation amount shall be the total investment of Party B in the contracted land.
? X. Any dispute arising from the conclusion, entry into force, performance, modification or dissolution of this Contract shall be settled by both parties through consultation; If negotiation fails, it shall be submitted to Baoting County People's Court for adjudication.
? XI。 For matters not covered in this contract, both parties shall sign a supplementary agreement separately, which shall have the same legal effect as this contract.
? Twelve. This contract shall come into effect after being signed or sealed by both parties.
? 14. The original of this contract is in duplicate, with each party holding one copy.
? Party A (official seal): _ _ _ _ Party B (official seal): _ _ _ _ _
? Legal representative (signature): _ _ _ _ _ Legal representative (signature): _ _ _ _ _
? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _