Flowers, with their gorgeous style, decorate nature extraordinarily beautifully and give people beautiful enjoyment. Raising flowers can enrich and regulate people's cultural life, add interest, cultivate temperament and improve health; It can also increase scientific knowledge and improve cultural and artistic literacy. Planting flowers can beautify the motherland, protect and improve the air, and enable people to work and study in a beautiful environment and live a better life.
Planting flowers is not only for viewing, but also has many important economic values. Flowers are an important part of Chinese herbal medicine, and honeysuckle, chrysanthemum, wintersweet, hibiscus, rhododendron, rose and lotus are all commonly used Chinese herbal medicines. Fragrant flowers are widely used in food and light industry. For example, Osmanthus fragrans can be used as food spice and wine, Jasmine, Prynne, Daidai and Zhu Lan can be used to smoke tea, and Chrysanthemum can be used to make high-grade food and dishes. White orchid, jasmine, rose, wintersweet, daffodil and other extractable essence. Planting flowers can also exchange foreign exchange and accumulate funds. For example, rose oil, a high-grade essence extracted from roses, is regarded as "liquid gold" in the international market, and its value is more expensive than gold.
2. What kinds of flowers are there?
China is known as the "Mother of World Gardens", with rich flower resources and various kinds. In order to facilitate cultivation, management and utilization, it is necessary to know the classification knowledge of flowers. Because the basis of classification is different. So the classification method is different.
According to the morphological characteristics of flowers, flowers are usually divided into two categories: herbal flowers and woody flowers. Herbaceous flowers are characterized by soft stems, while woody flowers are characterized by hard stems.
According to the growth habits and morphological characteristics of flowers, they can be generally divided into herbaceous flowers, woody flowers, succulent flowers and aquatic flowers. Herbaceous flowers can be divided into annual flowers, biennial flowers, perennial flowers, bulbous flowers and lawn plants according to their different growth and development cycles. Woody flowers can be divided into trees, shrubs and vines according to trunk height and crown size. Fleshy flowers, with fleshy stems and leaves, are rich in water, and some leaves degenerate into pinpricks or feathers, which are unique in shape, so they form their own category in horticultural cultivation. Aquatic flowers, which grow in water and swamps all year round, are mostly perennial plants.
According to the classification of ornamental parts, flowers can be divided into ornamental flowers (mainly ornamental colors and flower shapes, such as chrysanthemums and roses). ), ornamental leaves (mainly ornamental leaf color and leaf shape, such as variable leaf wood, flower taro and so on. ), ornamental fruits (mainly ornamental fruits, such as kumquat, etc. ) and ornamental stems (mainly ornamental branches, such as bachelor tree and mountain shadow boxing). )
According to the use, flowers can be divided into cut flowers (such as carnation, calla lily, etc. ), indoor flowers (such as Clivia, giant bamboo, etc. ), garden flowers (such as roses, chrysanthemums, etc. ), medicinal flowers (such as peony, honeysuckle, etc. ), spice flowers (such as white orchids, jasmine, roses, etc. ) and edible flowers (lily, day lily, pomegranate, etc. ).
In addition, flowers are divided into tropical flowers, subtropical flowers, warm temperate flowers, temperate flowers, sub-cold flowers and alpine flowers according to their natural distribution. This classification can reflect the habits of various flowers and the conditions that need to be met in the process of cultivation.
3. What is the relationship between temperature and flower cultivation?
Temperature is an important condition for the survival of all kinds of flowers. No matter how suitable other environmental conditions are, flowers can hardly survive without suitable temperature conditions. The growth and development of each flower has its optimum temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature. According to the origin temperature of flowers, flowers can generally be divided into high temperature, medium temperature and low temperature.
(1) high temperature grade.
Such as Milan, Poinsettia, Guayeju, Chimney, upside-down Admiralty, etc. In North China, the lowest room temperature in winter should be kept above 65438 02℃.
(2) thermophilic.
Such as Prynne, Jasmine, Hibiscus, Geranium, etc. The indoor temperature shall not be lower than 5℃ in winter.
(3) low temperature.
Such as oleander, osmanthus, kumquat, hawksbill, cycad, etc. As long as the room temperature is not lower than 0 degrees in winter. Too high or too low temperature will destroy the normal physiological activities of flowers, stop growing, and even the whole plant will die.
4. What effect does light have on the growth and development of flowers?
Light is the energy that flowers and plants produce nutrients. Without light, photosynthesis cannot be carried out, and the growth and development of flowers will be seriously affected. Most plants can flourish only under sufficient light conditions. Different kinds of flowers have different requirements for light. As the saying goes, "Camellia Yin, Peony Yin, Four Seasons Orchid Yin, Sunshine". According to the different light intensity requirements of flowers, flowers can generally be divided into sunny flowers, neutral flowers and cloudy flowers.
(1) is a flower.
Most flowers and fruits are positive flowers, such as magnolia, rose, pomegranate, plum blossom, crape myrtle and orange. There are also a few positive flowers in foliage flowers, such as cycads, palms and deciduous trees. Most aquatic flowers, cacti and succulents are also positive flowers. All positive flowers prefer strong light to shadows. If the sunshine is insufficient, it is easy to cause white branches and leaves, soft tissues, pale and yellow leaves, difficult to bloom or poor flowering, and easy to suffer from pests and diseases.
(2) negative flowers.
It grows well in a cool environment, such as asparagus, camellia, rhododendron, Hosta, green radish, evergreen, ivy, Dendrocalamus giganteus, tortoise shell bamboo, begonia and so on. If exposed to strong light for a long time, its branches and leaves will turn yellow, its growth will stagnate, and even it will die seriously.
(3) neutral flowers.
It grows well in sunny conditions, but when the light intensity is high in summer, it is unprincipled to shade slightly, such as osmanthus, jasmine, white orchid and hydrangea. To sum up, all kinds of flowers have different requirements for light, even the same flower has different requirements for light at different growth and development stages. The light requirement of seedlings can be gradually increased, but it is required that positive chrysanthemums form buds under short sunshine conditions.
5. What effect does light have on flower bud differentiation?
The purpose of flower cultivation is to make them produce more flowers, and light is the most effective external cause to promote the formation of flower buds. On the same flower, branches that fully receive light will have more flower buds; Branches with insufficient light will have fewer flower buds. There are many sunny days in summer, and the flowers receive enough light, so there will be more flowers in the coming year. Generally speaking, flowers and plants can carry out photosynthesis at 10-35℃, and the most suitable temperature is 20-28℃.
According to the requirements of flowers for day-length, flowers can be divided into three categories:
(1) long day flower.
Generally, the daily sunshine time needs more than 12 hours to form flower buds, which is called long sunshine flower. Many flowers that bloom in spring and summer belong to long-day flowers, such as iris, chrysanthemum and impatiens.
(2) short-lived flowers.
Flowers that can form flower buds only when the daily sunshine time is less than 12 hours are called short-day flowers. Poinsettia and chrysanthemum are typical short-day flowers. They can only grow under the long sunshine in summer and cannot differentiate flower buds. After autumn, flower bud differentiation will begin when the light is reduced to10-1hour.
(3) Sunflower.
A flower whose flower bud formation is not strict with the length of daytime sunshine is called a medium sunshine flower. Such as calla lily, carnation, zinnia, rose, hibiscus and so on, they have no obvious reaction to the length of light time, as long as the temperature is right, they can bloom all year round.
6. What effect does water have on the growth and development of flowers?
Water is a necessary condition for the growth and reproduction of flowers. It has a great influence on the growth and development of flowers. Because the water absorption exceeds the consumption, there is too much water in the flower, the plant is weak, the cold resistance is reduced, and the stress resistance is weakened. If there is too much water for a long time, it will cause rotten roots, fallen leaves and even death. Water absorption is less than consumption. Due to lack of water, flowers wither, and serious water shortage will make flowers die. There are many kinds of flowers, and their water requirements are also different, that is, the same flower has different water requirements at different stages of its growth.
According to the different water demand of flowers, flowers can be roughly divided into three categories: xerophytic, aquatic and mesophytic:
(1) xerophytes.
Such as plum blossom, crape myrtle, Xifu begonia, hollyhock, Nandian bamboo and other succulent flowers are more drought-tolerant.
(2) Aquatic flowers.
Such as lotus, water lily, calamus, bamboo and so on.
(3) middle flowers.
Flowers that grow well in wet soil. Most flowers belong to this type, such as magnolia, white orchid, wintersweet, peach blossom, camellia, bauhinia and so on.
7. What effect does air humidity have on flowers?
Most of the water needed by flowers comes from soil, but air humidity also has a great influence on the growth and development of flowers. If the temperature is too high, it is easy to make the branches and leaves grow white and the petals rot and fall off, which is easy to cause the spread of pests and diseases. Excessive humidity at flowering stage hinders flowering and affects fruit setting. If the air humidity is too small, the flowering period will be shortened and the color will fade. If the air is dry for a long time, it will grow poorly and affect flowering and fruiting. The winter climate in the north is dry. If indoor flowers do not maintain a certain humidity, some flowers that like humidity often have yellow leaves and dry edges.
According to the different requirements of different flowers for air temperature, methods such as spraying branches and leaves or covering with plastic film can be used to increase air humidity and create humidity conditions suitable for their growth. Orchid, begonia, bamboo, etc. In order to like wet flowers, it is required that the relative humidity of the air is not less than 80%; Wet flowers such as jasmine, white orchid and hibiscus require air humidity of not less than 60%.
8. Why do flowers die if they are watered too much?
When potted flowers are watered too much, water fills the gaps in the soil, and the air in the soil is replaced by water. At this time, the outside air can not enter, which leads to the lack of oxygen in the soil, the respiratory function of the root system is blocked, the physiological function is reduced, and the ability of the root system to absorb water and fertilizer is blocked. At the same time, due to the lack of oxygen in the soil, aerobic bacteria with the function of decomposing organic matter in the soil multiply and move in large numbers, which increases the acidity of the soil. Due to the wanton activities of butyric acid bacteria, a series of toxic substances such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia are produced, which directly poison the roots. At the same time, due to the lack of oxygen, plants consume a lot of soluble sugar in their bodies and accumulate too much alcohol and other substances, photosynthesis is greatly reduced, and finally flowers starve to death.
In the practice of flower cultivation, it is often seen that the roots of flowers turn black and rot, and the flowers are "drowned" due to excessive watering. Therefore, flowers should be properly watered.
9. What are the hazards of insufficient watering of potted flowers?
Because potted flowers have less soil and less water storage, it is necessary to pay attention to frequent hydration during the growing season of flowers to ensure the normal growth of flowers.
If water supply is insufficient, leaves and petioles will shrink and droop, and flowers will wither. If the water supply of flowers is insufficient for a long time, the older plants and the leaves under the plants will gradually turn yellow and dry up. If most grass flowers are in a state of drought for a long time, the plants are short, the leaves lose their bright green luster, and even the whole plant dies.
Some flower farmers are afraid of watering too much, and water their flowers with "half-waist water" every time, that is, the amount of water poured can only wet the top soil and the lower soil is dry. This watering method will also affect the root development of flowers, and the above-mentioned undesirable phenomena will also occur. Therefore, watering should be both wet and dry, and watering should be thorough.
10, how to judge whether potted flowers are short of water?
Watering is the routine management of flower cultivation, and it is difficult to know whether the basin soil is short of water, so many flower friends often feel distressed about it. Here is a brief introduction to the experience of flower farmers in judging whether there is water shortage.
(1) tapping method.
Gently pat the upper and middle walls of the flowerpot with your knuckles. If it makes a crisp sound, it means that the soil is dry and needs to be watered immediately. If there is a dull voiced sound, it means that the soil in the basin is wet and you can temporarily stop watering it.
(2) Visual method.
Observe whether the surface color of the basin soil changes with eyes. If the color becomes lighter or grayish white, it means that the basin soil is dry and needs watering. If the color turns dark or brown, it means that the basin soil is wet and can be watered temporarily.
(3) fingering.
Gently insert your finger into the pot soil about 2 cm deep and touch the soil. When it feels dry or rough and hard, it means that the basin soil is dry and needs to be watered immediately. If it feels slightly wet, delicate and soft, it means that the basin soil is wet and can be watered temporarily.
(4) Kneading method.
Twist the basin with your fingers. If the soil is powdery, it means that the basin soil is dry and should be watered immediately. If it is sealed in sheet or granular form, it means that the soil in the basin is wet and can be watered temporarily.
The above test methods are all based on experience and can only tell people the wet and dry conditions of basin soil. If you need to know exactly how wet and dry the soil is, you can buy a soil thermometer and insert it into the seal. You can see the words "dry or wet" on the scale, so you can know exactly when to water it.
1 1. What water should I use to water the flowers?
According to salt content, water can be divided into hard water and soft water. Hard water contains a lot of salt. When it is used to water flowers, it often causes brown spots on the leaves of flowers, which affects the ornamental effect. So soft water is suitable for watering flowers. Among soft water, rainwater (or snow water) is the most ideal, because rainwater is a kind of water that is close to neutral, contains no minerals and has more air, which is very suitable for watering flowers. If rainwater can be collected and stored for watering flowers in rainy days, it will be beneficial to promote the assimilation of flowers, prolong the cultivation period and improve the ornamental value, especially for flowers that like acidic soil. Therefore, the rainy season should be high tide to store more rainwater for use.
Snow water can be used to water flowers all over the northeast, and the effect is also very good, but it should be noted that snow and ice should be put aside and used after the water temperature is close to room temperature. If there is no rain or snow, you can use river water or pond water.
If tap water is used, it must be stored in a bucket (cylinder) for 1-2 days, so that the chlorine in the water can be volatilized and reused, which is safer.
You can't water flowers with laundry water containing soap or washing powder, and you can't use oily dishwashing water. For cactus flowers that like alkaline, it is not advisable to use slightly acidic tea.
In addition, pay attention to the temperature of water when watering flowers. Whether watering flowers in summer or winter, the difference between water temperature and air temperature is too large (above 5 degrees), which is easy to hurt the root system of flowers. Therefore, it is best to put the water for watering flowers in a bucket (cylinder) and dry it for a day, and then use it when the water temperature is close to the air temperature.
12, how to master the watering amount of potted flowers?
Whether the watering amount of potted flowers can be timely and appropriate is the key to the success or failure of flower cultivation. On the basis of local experience, the watering amount of potted flowers is comprehensively judged according to the variety of flowers, plant size, growth and development period, climate, soil conditions, flowerpot size and placement position, and the watering time, times and amount are determined.
Under normal circumstances, flowers that like humidity should be watered more, and flowers that like drought should be watered less; Bulb flowers should not be watered too much; Herbaceous flowers have high water content and great transpiration, and are watered more than woody flowers. Flowers with large and soft leaves and smooth and hairless leaves should be watered more, while flowers with small leaves and waxy layers, fine hairs and skins should be watered less; Water more in the vigorous growth period and less in the dormant period; Water more seedlings in large pots and less seedlings in small pots; Drink more water in hot days and less water in cold days; Water more in dry days and less in cloudy days.
For ordinary flowers, the four-season water supply is: after beginning of spring every year, the temperature rises gradually, and the flowers enter the full flowering period, and the watering amount is gradually increased. Water in early spring should be done before noon. In summer, the temperature is high, the flowers grow vigorously, the transpiration is strong, and the watering amount should be sufficient. Summer watering should be done in the morning and evening. After beginning of autumn, the temperature is getting lower and lower, and flowers grow slowly, so watering should be reduced appropriately. In winter, when the temperature is low, many flowers go into dormancy or semi-dormancy, so water should be controlled. Don't water the pot soil if it is not too dry, so as not to water it too much and rot the roots and leaves. Watering in winter should be carried out in the afternoon 1-2.
13, what is the function of water spraying?
Spraying water can increase air humidity, reduce temperature, wash away dust and pests on plants, avoid burning young leaves and premature fading of flowers, and keep plants fresh; Especially some wet flowers, such as camellia, rhododendron, orchid, tortoise shell bamboo and so on. Spraying water on leaves often is very beneficial to their growth and development. In summer, if it suddenly clears up after rain or it is sultry at night, we should also pay attention to spraying water to cool down and prevent diseases.
The amount of water sprayed depends on the needs of flowers. Generally, water can evaporate quickly after spraying water, so the amount of water sprayed is the most appropriate. Seedlings and delicate flowers need to be sprayed with more water, as do new pots and cuttings that have not yet taken root. Tropical orchids, Araceae and bromeliads need to spray more water frequently.
But some flowers are sensitive to water, such as Erythrina macrophylla, calceolaria and Begonia. Moreover, their leaves are thick and fluffy, and the water is backward and not easy to evaporate, so it is not suitable for spraying water on the leaves. For blooming flowers, it is not advisable to spray more water, otherwise it will easily cause petal mildew or affect fertilization and reduce the fruiting rate. In addition, the leaf buds at the top of Cyclamen tuber, the flower buds in Gerbera jamesonii leaves and pseudobulb in the center of Clivia leaves are all afraid of water wet. These parts are fragile after spraying water.
14. How to save flowers after withering?
Potted flowers, because there is less water in the basin, forget to water them, especially in summer, which often leads to leaf wilting. If not saved in time, these plants will wither after a while. If it is not properly preserved, it will sometimes cause plant death.
The correct way is to move the flowerpot to the shade immediately when the leaves are wilting, spray some water on the leaves and pour a small amount of water. Later, as the stems and leaves gradually recovered, the amount of watering was gradually increased. At this time, if too much water is poured at once, plants may die.
This is because a large number of root hairs are damaged after the flower wilts, so the water absorption capacity is greatly reduced. Only after the birth of new root hairs can the original water absorption ability be restored. At the same time, wilting leads to cell dehydration. When it meets water, the cell wall first absorbs water and expands rapidly, then the protoplasm absorbs water, and the expansion speed is slow. If a large amount of water is poured suddenly at this time, the plasma wall will be separated, the protoplasm will be damaged, and the flower will die.
15. What role does soil play in the growth and development of flowers?
Soil is an important substrate for cultivating flowers, the material basis for flowers to survive, and the main source of water, fertilizer, gas and heat for flowers to grow and develop. This is because soil is composed of minerals, organic matter, soil moisture and soil air. Minerals are the most basic substances that constitute soil, and they can provide all kinds of nutrients needed by flowers. Organic matter can not only provide nutrients for flower growth, but also play an important role in improving soil physical and chemical properties and soil aggregate structure, as well as water conservation, water supply, ventilation and temperature stability. Soil moisture is an essential material condition for flower growth. Soil air is the source of oxygen needed for flower root absorption and microbial life activities, and it is also an important condition for further weathering of soil minerals and transformation of organic matter to release nutrients.
Scientific experiments show that the soil suitable for plant growth accounts for about 38% of minerals, 65,438+02% of organic matter, and 65,438+05%-35% of soil air and soil moisture. Some data show that the most suitable water content for the growth of flowers and plants is 25% of the soil volume, and air also accounts for 25%.
Because some people don't understand the above reason, when cultivating potted flowers, they don't change pots and soil for a long time, which leads to poor soil physical and chemical properties, poor ventilation and water permeability, and lack of nutrition, which leads to poor flower growth, yellow leaves, few flowers or even no flowers. Therefore, we must pay attention to changing pots and soil in time when raising potted flowers.
16. What kind of soil is suitable for potted flowers?
Because the roots of potted flowers can only move in a small soil range, the requirements for soil are stricter than those of open-air flowers. On the one hand, the nutrients should be as comprehensive as possible, and the limited pot soil contains the nutrients needed for flower growth; On the other hand, it requires good physical and chemical properties, that is, loose structure, strong water retention, suitable pH value and good fertilizer retention.
Because of this, neutral or slightly acidic soil with good aggregate structure, loose and fertile soil, good water retention and drainage performance and rich humus should be selected as far as possible when planting flowers. This kind of soil has light weight, large pores, good air circulation and rich nutrition, which is beneficial to the root system development of flowers and the robust growth of plants. If flowers are planted in cohesive soil with poor ventilation and water permeability, or in pure sand with poor nutrition and poor water and fertilizer conservation, or in alkaline soil, it will easily lead to weak growth and even death for most flowers.
However, the soil conditions mentioned above are not available in any natural soil. Therefore, the soil of potted flowers needs artificially prepared culture soil. This kind of culture soil is made by mixing more than two kinds of soil or other matrix materials in proportion according to the different growth habits of flowers to meet the needs of different flowers.
17, how to prepare culture soil?
There are many materials suitable for preparing culture soil, and the following are commonly used at present.
(1) plain sand. Most of them were taken on the beach. Good drainage performance, but no fertility, mostly used to mix with other culture materials to facilitate drainage.
(2) Garden soil. Soil taken from the surface of vegetable gardens, orchards and other places. It contains certain humus and has good physical properties, and is often used as the basic material of most culture soils.
(3) Humus soil. Made of fallen leaves, hay, etc. High humus content, strong water retention and good permeability are one of the main materials for preparing culture soil.
(4) mountain mud. There are two kinds of black mountain mud and yellow mountain mud. It is formed by the long-term accumulation of fallen leaves of trees on the mountain. Heishan mud is acidic and contains more humus; Huangshan mud is also acidic and contains less humus.
(5) peat soil. It is carbonized from sphagnum. Due to the different formation stages, it can be divided into brown peat and black peat. Brown peat is rich in organic matter and has acidic reaction. Black peat contains more minerals and less organic matter, which is slightly acidic or neutral.
(6) chaff ash. It is the ash formed by burning rice husk, which is slightly alkaline, contains potassium and has good drainage and permeability.
(7) dung. It is made of animal manure, fallen leaves and other things mixed with garden soil, sewage and other accumulation and retting, which is rich in fertility.
In addition, there are pond mud, river mud, coniferous soil, peat soil, sawdust, vermiculite and perlite, all of which are good materials for preparing culture soil.
The preparation of culture soil should be flexibly mastered according to the growth habits of flowers, the properties of culture soil materials and local conditions. For common potted flowers, the proportion of common culture soil is humus (or peat soil): garden soil: river sand: bone meal = 35: 30: 30: 5, or humus (or peat soil), plain sand, decomposed organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate, etc. Before use, mix and sieve at the ratio of 5: 3.5:1:0.5.
The above culture soil is mostly neutral or slightly acidic, which is suitable for most flowers. Used to cultivate acid-loving flowers and trees such as camellia and rhododendron, about 0.2% sulfur powder can be added; To cultivate flowers such as cactus, you can add about 10% of the wall soil stripped from the lime wall.
Note: There are different opinions about the suitable pH of some flowers and trees. The above data are for reference only.
18, how to choose family flower species
As the saying goes, "the elegant room is not big, and there are not many flowers." Put some flowers and plants indoors, and the green leaves are evergreen all the year round. It's really full of spring and vitality. Family planting flowers, generally mainly potted plants. Due to the limitation of conditions, don't plant too many plants, and 10 ~ 15 pots are more suitable. The best flowers are foliage flowers, flowering flowers, fruit flowers, fragrant flowers and posture flowers, so the varieties are rich and diverse. Family flowers should be few and fine, and flowers and trees should be selected reasonably according to family environmental conditions and personal hobbies.
(1) indoor flower selection:
Indoor is an important activity place in people's life, and flowers should be selected according to the following requirements.
Flowers should choose shade or shade-tolerant varieties, such as evergreen, orchid, tortoise shell bamboo, chlorophytum, rubber tree, clivia, etc. Some ornamental plants are mostly sunny flowers. When decorating indoors, they should be placed in sunny places and often moved outdoors to absorb sunlight and rain.
Flowers and trees with peculiar smell should not be kept indoors. Flowers such as cloves and cordate telosma will cause some patients to have adverse reactions, and some patients with hypertension and heart disease will feel sultry and uncomfortable after smelling these scents. The aroma of conifers will reduce people's appetite, so it is not suitable to leave it indoors for too long.
The leaves, stems and juices of some flowers are poisonous, so it is necessary to isolate them indoors properly, especially to avoid children's contact. Poinsettia, five-color plum, oleander, tiger thorn, overlord whip, LYCORIS radiata, etc. They are all toxic, but they are actually less toxic. Leaves, branches, flowers and fruits generally do not cause poisoning as long as they are not picked casually. More attention should be paid to self-cultivation.
Bedroom layout should be clean, elegant and comfortable. The south bedroom is full of light, so you can choose flowers that like light and warmth, such as Milan, hibiscus, roses, white orchids, kumquat, cactus and succulents. Due to the short lighting time from east to west in the bedroom, you can choose semi-shade-tolerant flowers, such as camellia, azalea, gardenia, smiling, asparagus, evergreen and so on; The lighting conditions in the north bedroom are poor and the temperature is low. Clivia, chlorophytum, rubber tree, tortoise shell bamboo, asparagus and rock bonsai should be selected.
The layout of the living room should be quiet, elegant and generous, small and elegant. You can choose Milan, four seasons laurel, jasmine, asparagus, bergamot and kumquat, and you can place foliage plants such as rich trees, sundew, brown bamboo, pocket coconut and ferns in the corner.
(2) Selection of balcony flowers
The balcony is small in area, windy and dry, with high temperature in summer and rapid evaporation of water, but it has sufficient sunlight and good ventilation, which is very beneficial to some flowers that like light and are drought-tolerant.
The convex balcony is exposed on three sides and has good light. You can set up a flower stand to plant creeper flowers, such as dill, morning glory, grapes and Euphorbia pentaphylla, and you can also set up a flower stand to display Chinese rose, pomegranate, Milan, jasmine and bonsai. Shade-tolerant chlorophytum and ferns can be hung on the top of the balcony, and the back of the balcony is semi-cloudy, where Nandina domestica and Clivia can be placed.
Only one side of the concave balcony is exposed, and the ventilation condition is poor. Trapezoidal flower stands can be built on the walls on both sides to decorate flowers and trees.
Family flower cultivation knowledge. Excessive or insufficient water and fertilizer
If there is too much water and fertilizer during the growth of flowers, it will easily lead to too many branches and leaves. If it is a flowering and fruiting plant, nutrients are mostly used in the roots and leaves of vegetative organs, while the lack of nutrients in fruits or seeds affects the formation of flower buds, resulting in no or less flowering.
Excessive fertilization watering in bud stage is easy to cause falling flowers and buds. If there is a lack of fertilizer and water during the growth period of flowers, the plants will grow poorly, which will easily lead to fewer flowers and poor quality.
Second, the light temperature is not suitable.
Because flowers come from different places, their ecological habits are different. Some like light and heat, and some like half yin; Some like warmth, others like coolness. If their living conditions are not satisfied, it is easy to cause falling flowers and falling buds, which needs to be understood in advance.
Third, the soil has a high salt content.
Most flowers, such as geraniums and roses, like slightly acidic and neutral soil, are afraid of saline-alkali and tolerant. When the soil salt content exceeds 0. 1% and the ph value exceeds 7.5, it also affects the growth and flowering.
Fourth, no shaping and pruning during the growing period.
Not pruning and shaping flowers and trees during the growth period will not only affect the appearance, but also consume a lot of nutrients and affect the formation of flower buds, resulting in no or less flowering.
5. The room temperature is too high in winter.
If the room temperature is too high, it will affect the dormancy of flowers and trees or cause premature germination and leaf extraction, consume nutrients, and the flowers will grow weak or small or wither in the coming year.
Six, affected by pests and diseases
Flowers are easily affected by pests and diseases in the growth period, which affects nutrient accumulation, hinders growth and leads to falling flowers and buds. In view of the above reasons, reasonable watering and fertilization, adjusting the growth environment of potted flowers, reasonable pruning and controlling pests and diseases can solve the problem of flower bud falling.