It is suitable for planting peaches such as Chunxue Peach, Chunrui Peach, Zaocui Peach and Chunmei Peach in Anju District of Suining City.

One: Peach (Rosaceae)

Peach trees. It is a small deciduous tree with fruit as fruit. Flowers are visible and fruits are juicy. Can be eaten raw, peaches, canned peaches and so on. And nucleoli can also be eaten. The flesh is white and yellow, and there are many varieties of peaches. Generally, the skin is hairy, and the skin of nectarine is smooth. The fruit of "Flat Peach" is flat and discoid; "Peach" is an ornamental peach tree with many petal forms.

Originally from China, it is widely cultivated in various provinces. It is cultivated all over the world.

Two. geographical distribution

The main economic planting areas are in North China and East China provinces of China, and the relatively concentrated areas are Haidian District of Beijing, Pinggu County, Jixian County of Tianjin, Mengyin, Feicheng, Yidu, Qingdao, Shangshui, Kaifeng of Henan, Funing, Zunhua, Shenxian, Linzhang of Hebei, Baoji, Xi 'an of Shaanxi, Tianshui of Gansu, Chengdu of Sichuan, Dalian of Liaoning, Fenghua of Zhejiang, Nanhui of Shanghai and Wuxi of Jiangsu.

Three: Diversity

Northern peach varieties: the top of the fruit is pointed and the suture line is deep; The tree is straight; The proportion of medium and short fruit branches is large. Drought and cold resistance, harvest in May-65438+February. Mainly distributed in North China, Northwest China and Central China.

Southern peach variety group: the top of the fruit is round and blunt, and the flesh is soft and juicy; Crown development; Usually long branches bear fruit; Most flower buds are compound buds. Drought resistance and cold tolerance are slightly weaker than those of northern varieties. Mainly distributed in East China, Southwest China and South China.

Yellow-fleshed peach variety group: the peel and flesh are golden yellow, and the meat is firm and tough, suitable for processing and canning. There are more cultivated areas in northwest and southwest China, but less in north China and east China.

Flat peach variety group: the fruit is flat and the two ends are sunken; The crown is developed and the branches are short and dense; More flowers and higher yield. Jiangsu and Zhejiang are the most cultivated, but less in North China and Northwest China.

Nectarine variety group: no hair outside the fruit. It is produced in northwest provinces, especially in Xinjiang and Gansu.

Four: cultivation techniques

Seedling raising: When the seedling used as rootstock is 25-30 cm high, the core is removed and thickened, and by the end of summer and early autumn, the required thickness of rootstock can be reached. Transplanting should be done after defoliation in early spring or autumn.

Crown trimming: cultivate natural cup-shaped crowns and natural happy crowns.

Planting: The plant spacing is 4m×5m or 3m×4m, and 500-840 plants are planted per hectare.

Fertilization: the demand ratio of peach to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 1∶0. 5:1.Young people

Plastic surgery: make it more natural and happier. The height of the stem is about 60 cm, leaving 3-4 main branches, and the opening angle of the main branches is 50-60. Each main branch should have 65,438+0-2 auxiliary branches, and the branchlets on the main branch and auxiliary branches should be as few as possible. Pruning period includes winter pruning and summer pruning.