Characteristics of fruit tree bonsai
Fruit bonsai should not only have plastic arts such as roots, piles, shapes and spirits, but also have enough fruits. The quantity, layout, size and color of fruits are an important part of the bonsai art of small fruit trees. Only by combining them closely can the roots, stems, branches, leaves, flowers, fruits and shapes form an ornamental whole and make their spring flowers exquisite and beautiful. Autumn fruit is rich and colorful; In winter, the branches are thin and hard, beautiful and vigorous; In summer, when fruits are developing and prospering, green branches and green fruits take on a new look in ten days, full of life interest and natural flavor.
Small fruit tree bonsai should not only study the shape, but also pay attention to the cultivation of flowers and fruits, which requires branches to have a certain growth potential, a certain number of leaves and sufficient nutrient supply. In addition, the flowers and fruits of some fruit trees, such as apples, pears, persimmons and hawthorn, are just in the branches. All these decide that the small fruit tree bonsai can't bind and cut branches and leaves at will like the general leaf bonsai.
Its own laws determine that it is necessary to create a rough and natural style in modeling and pruning. Production and maintenance of fruit tree bonsai
Pot soil preparation: Generally, 4 parts of decomposed garden soil, 2 parts of river sand and plant ash 1 part are taken, fully and evenly mixed, and then ground and sieved. Pot soil should be disinfected before use.
Generally, a small amount of sulfur powder can be mixed evenly. Every time you change the soil, you can change the appropriate pot according to the growth range of the fruit tree, the size of the root ball and the needs of modeling. Pot dumping: Because the nutrients in the pot soil will be absorbed by fruit trees or frequently watered out, it is necessary to dump the pot in time and replace it with new nutrient soil every two or three years. After the old soil is dumped, the old roots on the surface of the soil and the big roots that affect its shape should be cut off. When you put the pot, you should first mix the organic fertilizer and nutrient soil to fill the bottom, then bring the soil into the pot and add the pot soil mixed with fertilizer around it to fill it. The pH value of the soil in the basin is generally between 4.5 and 7.5. According to the requirements of different tree species, different nutrient soils rich in organic matter are prepared, preferably sandy loam soil rich in humus.
Water content: The most suitable water content of basin soil for root growth is about 60%-80% of the maximum water content of soil. The drought resistance of roots is much lower than that of leaves. Under drought conditions, leaves get a lot of water from roots, which leads to root damage and even death. Due to the limitation of soil capacity and large loss area in the basin, the water loss rate in the basin is 4-5 times higher than that in the surface soil of the field orchard. Neglect in management can easily lead to water loss. The smaller the basin, the larger the canopy, the higher the temperature, and the clearer and drier the climate, especially in the dry and hot wind season.
The faster the water loss rate, the more attention should be paid to replenishing water to the basin in time. Ventilation: The physical structure of soil in the basin consists of soil particles and pores. Fine pores are occupied by water, while coarse non-pores are occupied by air. Physiological activities such as respiration and growth of fruit tree roots need sufficient oxygen supply in the basin soil. Under the condition of soil hypoxia in the basin, the normal respiration and physiological activities of fruit trees are blocked and their growth stops. At the same time, the accumulation of carbon dioxide and other harmful gases causes root poisoning and leads to root death. The most suitable soil composition for the growth of fruit trees is that soil pores account for about 50% of the total soil bulk density, and water and air in the pores also account for about half.
Pruning: When there are too many branches in fruit bonsai, it is easy to cause scattered nutrition, insufficient internal illumination and poor fruit quality. Therefore, before fruit trees germinate in spring, cross branches, overlapping branches, pest branches and clumped branches should be cut off.
This is basically consistent with the pruning of other clivia gardens, which is called basic pruning. In the summer fruit growth period, the tree shape can be controlled by means of removing the core, smearing the bud and cutting short, so as to promote the growth and expansion of the fruit and prevent the formation of the top advantage. In autumn, in order to improve the ornamental effect of fruit tree bonsai, plastic surgery should be given priority to, and branches that affect the ornamental effect can be cut off and leaves covering the fruit can be removed. It is a very good choice to put fruit tree bonsai in the study, bedroom and desk. It can not only be pleasing to the eye, but also effectively improve the feng shui of the room.
It is a very good choice to put fruit tree bonsai in the study, bedroom and desk. It can not only be pleasing to the eye, but also effectively improve the feng shui of the room.