Open classification: literature, poetry, Song Ci, beauty, epigraph.

Inscription of name

Nian Nujiao: Nian Nujiao was a famous geisha in Tianbao period of Tang Dynasty, so she changed her name. This piece of music has two parts. Su Shi's word "jumping out of thin air" can be regarded as an even-handed style in Ci Fu. One hundred words. Forty-nine words for the first film; There are fifty-one sentences in the back film, each with ten years and four rhymes. This order is suitable for expressing heroic feelings. Dongpo's Chibi Ci is slightly different from other words in sentence reading, which belongs to lattice change. There is also a kind of rhyme example, which is mainly composed of statements and is seldom used.

Also known as River of No Return, Chitose, Juanjiangyue, Apricot Blossom Day, Red Cliff Ballad, Hu Zhongtian, Song of Great Jiangxi, Hundred Characters Order, etc.

1, Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia

River of no return,

The waves are exhausted, and the romantic figures of the ages.

On the west side of the old base, human nature is,

Chibi, Zhou Lang, Three Kingdoms.

Rocks pass through the air, waves beat against the coast,

Roll up thousands of piles of snow.

Picturesque mountains and rivers, there are many heroes at one time.

Back in Gong Jin,

Little Joe just got married,

Proud and heroic.

Feather fan nylon towel,

Between talking and laughing, I was exhausted.

Wandering in the old country,

Affectionate Ying Xiao Wo,

Give birth to Fahua early.

Life is like a dream,

A statue returns to the moon.

Brief introduction of the author

Su Shi (1037 ~110/) was born in Meishan, Northern Song Dynasty. He is a famous writer, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. He is knowledgeable and versatile, and has high attainments in calligraphy, painting, poetry and prose. His calligraphy is called "Song Sijia" with Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fei; He is good at painting bamboo and strange stones, and also has outstanding opinions on painting theory and calligraphy theory. He is a literary leader after Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his prose is as famous as Ouyang Xiu. Poetry is like the name of Huang Tingjian; His words are magnificent and bold, and his words are graceful and restrained. Known as "Su Xin" with Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty, * * * is an uninhibited poet.

Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia is one of Su Shi's representative works. Su Shi's talent was outstanding, and he was interested in contributing to the country, but he was framed and demoted to Huangzhou. Fortunately, he is open-minded, so he is not depressed. He wrote this masterpiece while swimming in the Yangtze River. Shangcheng writes about the scenery and depicts the Yangtze River and its magnificent scene. Xia Gan recalled the past, recalled the handsome heroes with extraordinary feats, and expressed his thoughts and feelings of loving the mountains and rivers of the motherland, admiring ancient heroes, and failing to make achievements.

This poem, which describes magnificent scenery, depicts heroic figures and expresses passionate feelings, is a typical style of writing of the bold school, so this time it can be called a model of the bold school.

2. Nian Nujiao

Depressed courtyard, oblique wind and drizzle, heavy doors must be closed.

Fondling willow flowers to eat cold food, all kinds of nasty weather.

Writing a poem is a leisurely taste.

When you spend too much money, it's hard to get rid of a thousand worries.

It was chilly in the spring for a few days upstairs, and curtains were hung on all sides. The jade fence was dry and careless.

Dream Leng Xiang's new dream. Go to sleep and don't be sad.

Clear dew in the morning, the introduction of new tung, how much is spring!

The sky is high and the clouds are light, and the smoke is filled, but today it is sunny.

Brief introduction of the author

Li Qingzhao (1084- 1 155? Yi Anju was born in Zhangqiu, qi zhou (now Jinan, Shandong). He is famous for his ci and has a high artistic attainments. Father Li was a famous scholar at that time, and husband Zhao Mingcheng was a textual research scholar. In his early years, he lived comfortably, and once cooperated with Ming City to collect and sort out calligraphy and painting stones. The nomads from the army entered the Central Plains and lived in the south. Ming Cheng died of illness and was in a lonely situation. In his lyrics, he wrote about his leisure life in the early stage, lamented his life experience in the later stage, and was deeply touched. Some of them also showed nostalgia for the Central Plains. In form, it makes good use of line drawing, forms its own school and has beautiful language. On the theory of ci, he emphasized harmony, advocated elegance and affection, put forward the theory that ci is different from one family, and opposed the method of writing poetry. He can write poems, but he doesn't keep much. Some of his poems are old and lyrical, which is different from his style of ci. There are Collected Works of Yi 'an Jushi and Yi 'an Ci, which have been lost. Later generations have a collection of Yu Shu's ci. There is a collection of Li Qingzhao's school notes today. (Cihai 1989 Edition)

To annotate ...

1. Dangerous rhyme poem: a poem that is obscure and difficult to rhyme.

② Shoutou wine: easy to drink.

3 initial introduction: initial length. "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Appreciation": "When it is bright, it will flow in the morning, and the new tung will be introduced at the beginning."

Make an appreciative comment

This word is written about spring scenery after rain, expressing the loneliness of boudoir. In the first film, I wrote "Worry is hard to send". I drew a poem and wine from the rainy cold food and annoying weather to send my worries away. In the next film, I said that "a new dream began to wake up", which aroused the meaning of Xiaoqing's spring outing after the dream. The whole word is written in delicate and tortuous strokes. Through the description of spring scenery, it truly shows the poet's psychological modality of living alone in a boudoir. The words are shallow and affectionate, and beautiful.

3. Nian Nujiao

Jiangkui

Wuling 1 Yan Zhiyuke, Xi 'an City, Hubei Province. This ancient city is full of wild water and trees. Yu and two or three friends, boating during the day, drinking mint flowers, second, the image is leisurely and unreasonable. Autumn water dries up. 3. Lotus leaves come out of the ground to look for Zhang. 4. Because the column sits under it, the sun disappears, and the breeze is Xu Lai, automatic. It is also a pleasure to catch a glimpse of tourists drawing boats in sparsely populated places. Take Xing Wu 5, and you can get 6 in Lotus. At night, the West Lake is flooded and the scenery is amazing. So write in this sentence.

Make a scene, remember when you come, and have a taste with Yuanyang. Thirty-six vicious people have not yet reached seven, and there are countless water clothes. Green leaves are cool, jade makes wine disappear, and rain sprinkles. Shake 10, and Leng Xiang flies to the poem. At dusk, the pavilion is green and the lover has gone. Try to put up with Ling Bo 1 1. I'm afraid the dance clothes will easily fall to 12, and I'm worried about the west wind entering Nanpu. High willows hang in the shade, old fish blow the waves, leaving me to live in the flower room. How many times did Tian Tian 13, and how many times did it return to the sand?

To annotate ...

1. Wuling: Changde, Hunan Province today.

2. thin: close.

3. dry up: dry up.

4. Find a foot: about one foot. Look, eight feet.

5. uncover: come.

6. Xiangyang: wandering, wandering

7. Vicious: pond.

8. windbreaker: refers to the lotus leaf swaying in the wind.

9. Two kinds of aquatic plants.

10. Ran Yan: Beautiful smile.

1 1. Strive for patience: how to endure it. Ling Bo: Describe a woman's light gait.

12. Dance clothes: refers to lotus leaves.

13. Tian Tian: Lotus leaves are connected together.

Make an appreciative comment

This is a poem about lotus. The poet described the scene of boating in the lotus pond with beautiful and meticulous pen and ink, which showed his sincere love for lotus flowers, and also included the poet's self-proclaimed character of "getting out of the mud without being stained". The first part describes the beautiful and quiet scenery of the lotus pond. The second sentence of thirty-six vicious is overlooking the lotus pond. Lotus flowers are scattered all over the place, quiet and far-reaching, with few tourists, leading people into the beautiful and quiet lotus world. The following film describes the lotus flower as a girl who takes care of herself and waits for her lover and doesn't want to leave, showing the poet's love for the lotus flower. In addition, lotus is a beautiful metaphor of death, which also implies that the poet hurts himself. This word praises the shape of the lotus, takes its spirit, and focuses on the extraordinary charm of the lotus. Liu Xizai said: "Leng Xiang is so beautiful, so beautiful." (Art Outline)

4. Nian Nujiao

Zhang Xiaoxiang

Dongting grass, near the Mid-Autumn Festival, is even less charming. Jade boundary is 30 thousand hectares, give me a boat. The moon is shining, the Milky Way is shining, both inside and outside. It's hard to tell you the beauty of happiness with your heart.

It should be that I miss Linghai for many years, and I am alone, and my courage is ice and snow. Thanks to this round of ancient bright moon, the soul is still as transparent as ice and snow between the mountains and seas for many years. Now, I am wearing cold hair and clothes, drifting quietly in this boundless pale sea. I wonder what night it will be.

To annotate ...

Dongting grass: the name of the lake. The two lakes are connected, in the southwest of Yueyang City, Hunan Province, and are always called Dongting Lake.

Ling Hai: Mountain surface. That is, Lingnan, the land of Guangdong and Guangxi. There are five mountains in the north and the South China Sea in the south, so it is called Linghai.

Year: Year after year, year after year.

Solitary light: refers to the moon

Xiao Sao: Depression is rare.

Tired: scoop it up.

Big Dipper: Big Dipper, arranged like a long spoon.

Slap: Slap the ship's rail.

translate

Dongting grass, near Mid-Autumn Festival. The 30,000-hectare lake is very wide, just like a beautiful jade field built a world of white jade. I was the only one sitting on the boat, like a floating leaf. The brightness of the bright moon is scattered on the lake, and the image of the Milky Way is soft and rippling in the blue waves. Water and sky are the same color, so quiet that the whole Tianshui is crystal clear. A wonderful and subtle feeling that can't be said in my heart.

I remember that in the past few years in Lingnan, the bright moonlight has seen me, and only moonlight can witness my loyalty to the liver, righteousness and bravery, and noble quality. Now I am old and covered in autumn wind. I feel cold, but I don't care. My heart is firmly tied to a boat, and I am rowing between the rough waves and the vast sea. I'm going to drink the water of Xijiang as wine and Beidou as spoon. I'm going to drink to myself and invite people from all over the world to be my guests. I want to have a good drink, have a boat fight and sing. I'm so happy that I forget what year tonight is!

Niannujiao

Guo Dongting

Zhang Xiaoxiang

Dongting grass, near the Mid-Autumn Festival, is even less charming. Jade Sword Qiongtian covers 30,000 hectares and gives me a boat. The bright moon is in the sky, and the shadow of the Ming River is clear both inside and outside. The bright moon and the bright galaxy reflect their posture in this vast jade scene, and the water surface is bright and clear. Experience the emptiness of everything, but I don't know how to go out and encourage you. Short hair, small sleeves, cold, steady and wide. Now, I am wearing cold hair and clothes, drifting quietly in this boundless pale sea. I don't know what night it is!

The first part of this word is about the scenery of Dongting Lake under the moon, which highlights its clarity. "Dongting grass, near the Mid-Autumn Festival, is even more disgraceful." Grass is another lake connected with Dongting. These lines of scenery, crisp in autumn and clear in jade, are the overall impression of Dongting. The word "Fengcai" is easy to ignore the past, but it is actually worth pondering. The wind has different directions and intensities. Is there a difference in color? Maybe you can say no. But sensitive poets can feel the color of the wind from the changeable situation. Li Bai's "Lushan Ballad": "I climbed to the top. I look around the world, and the great river is gone forever. The yellow cloud was blown away by the wind for hundreds of miles, and a snow peak was surrounded by a vortex with nine times the current. " Then Wan Li and Huang Yun changed the color of the wind. Zhang Xiaoxiang said here that "there is no wind at all", which shows that there are no clouds on the Wan Li in Dongting Lake, and the water waves are quiet, which makes people fascinated by cold and natural reading.

"The jade sword is 30,000 hectares, holding me flat (piān)." A jade mirror is a jade mirror. Joan is a beautiful jade, and Qiongtian is a jade field. Jade Sword and Qiongtian describes the clear lake. "30,000 hectares" shows the vastness of the lake. Hold as an attachment, still hold or release. The boat is floating on the lake. How can it be said that it is attachment? The author is safe, tolerant and tolerant. Chen He: "When can I sail full sleeves?" Lu You's Title Zhai Bi: "Jishan Mountain is still young for thousands of years, holding a fishing boat in front of my mountain." They all mean it. Zhang Xiaoxiang said, "Jade Sword is 30,000 hectares, take me with you." On the 30,000-hectare lake, I placed my boat with a leaf, which was quite natural and completely used by me, effectively setting off the poet's heroism.

"The moon is bright and the river is clear." These three sentences are about water and sky. "Suyue Pink Glow" means that the moon shines on the lake and the reflection on the lake is very bright. A good pixel moon adds some luster to the lake. "The shadow of the Ming River" means that the galaxy in the sky is projected into the lake, which is very clear, and the upper and lower galaxies are equally bright. The words "the bright moon is in the sky, the shadow of the Ming River * * *" are bright and the moonlight shines, showing a bright situation from top to bottom, as if it were a glass world. So I went on to say, "Everything is clear." This sentence is the central idea of the whole word. After all, where is the beauty of Dongting in autumn? The poet pointed out in this sentence that beauty lies in "brightness". The beauty here is both internal and external, clean and transparent, and it is the highest realm. The word "both inside and outside are clear" describes everything around. From the sky to the lake, Dongting Lake is transparent from top to bottom without any pollution. This is not only a landscape, but also meaningful. These five words mark an extremely noble ideological realm, which is open-minded, open-minded, consistent in words and deeds, and consistent in appearance. Du Fu has a poem: "relaxed and happy, clear" (the first of three screens). The heart is the heart, that is, the trace is the trace, that is, the table, and the heart is bright and bright. "Clearly understand and be happy" can just be integrated into one, setting a standard for our life behavior, and it may as well be our motto. Zhang Xiaoxiang's boating in Dongting Lake, while enjoying the natural scenery, also entrusted his aesthetic ideal for nature. The beautiful scenery in his works makes us feel that he has his own personality in it. The poet's aesthetic ideal is noble and his heart is pure, so his pen and ink can be so clean.

At the end of the last film, I said, "I have a carefree heart, but that kind of beauty is hard to tell you." Dongting Lake is clear, the poet's heart is clear, and the physical environment and mood meet calmly, which is difficult to express in words. Idleness is a natural state to describe the meeting of mind and things, not reluctance. Beauty, on the surface, refers to the beauty of Dongting scenery, but it is not. The wonderful scenery of Dongting has been mentioned above. This indescribable beauty should be a wonderful experience of the unity of mind and matter, and only this wonderful experience is difficult to resort to words.

The next one focuses on lyricism and writes about your inner clarity. "I should read my spine for many years, lonely and lonely, and I am ice and snow." Ridge table refers to the area outside Wuling and now in Guangdong and Guangxi. The spiritual year refers to the period when the author served as a peace envoy in Guangnan West Road. The word "should" usually means guessing. I'm talking about my own thoughts at that time, so it doesn't matter if I guess. The tone of the word "should" is relatively positive, close to the meaning of "reason". Du Fu's One Night Abroad: "I hope my art can bring me fame and free me from public office in my sick old age!" The word "should" is also a positive tone. "I should read the mountains and watch the years" is the scenery of Dongting Lake written in the above film, so I think of my life in Lingnan for one year, which is equally aboveboard. Lonely light refers to moonlight. Su Shi's Xijiang Moon: "Who is alone with * * * in the Mid-Autumn Festival, sadly looking north." I use lonely light to refer to moonlight. "Looking at yourself alone" means taking the lonely moon as a companion and shining with light, showing an aloof state of mind that is neither known nor understood by others. "Liver and gallbladder are all ice and snow", and ice and snow are all white sparkling things, which are used to describe their frankness. Bao Zhao, a poet in the Southern Dynasties, said in the poem "The Song of Bald Head": "Straight as a silk string, clear as jade pot ice." Jiang Zong, another poet in the Southern Dynasties, said in "Into the Mountain qixia temple": "Keep your heart clean and win the world of ice and snow." Wang Changling, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said in "Lotus Inn Farewell to Xin Jian": "If relatives and friends in Luoyang ask each other, there is ice in the jade pot." These are all metaphors of purity with ice and snow. In this poem, Zhang Xiaoxiang said: "I want to remember the past years, I am lonely, and my liver and gallbladder are ice and snow." Judging from his experience of being removed from office, it also means to have a clear conscience. During that time in Lingnan, I asked myself that I was aboveboard and sincere, just like meeting Qiongtian on 30,000 hectares in the table below Su Yue. The indignation contained in the poet's confession is easy to understand.

"Short hair, small Sao sleeves are cold, stable and wide." Write these two sentences back now. Xiao Sao, describing sparse hair, looks like autumn vegetation. Coupled with the word "cold" at the back, this Xiao Sao is probably a psychological effect. Because the air is cold at night, I feel my hair is sparse. "Short hair and cold sleeves", now removed from office, is inevitably somewhat depressed and cold. However, the poet's spirit is undiminished: "steady and broad." No matter what happens, I can hold steady. Pale and bright, originally referring to seawater, here refers to the vastness of Dongting Lake. I have been boating safely on the vast cave, and my mind has not wavered at all. Not only that, the poet has a more magnificent charm:

"Go back to Xijiang, be careful to pour Beidou, Vientiane is a guest." This is the emotional climax of the whole word. Xijiang, the Yangtze River from the west. Hey, learn. "Exhausting the Xijiang River" means taking the water of Xijiang River as wine. "Beware of pouring the Big Dipper" means holding the Big Dipper as a wine vessel and pouring it slowly. Here, the meaning of "Nine Songs Dong Jun" is implicitly used: "Help Beidou to drink osmanthus pulp", and the poet's self-image is extremely magnificent. "Vientiane", everything between heaven and earth. These words are to imagine yourself as a host, invite Vientiane as a guest, and accompany me to indulge in drinking. How confident a person who has been removed from office must have such a style!

The last two sentences of the word show the author's superb artistic technique: "I don't know what night it is!" The side of the ship. Knock on the side of the ship, that is, beat the time. Su Shi's Red Cliff Fu: "Catch the boat and sing it." Make a long crisp sound. Zhang Xiaoxiang said, "Shouting alone by the side" may mean chanting and singing. "I don't know what the evening is", in a sentence from Su Shi's Niannujiao Mid-Autumn Festival: "The dance wind is falling, I don't know what the evening is!" Zhang Xiaoxiang changed slightly, saying that he was completely intoxicated and forgot what day it was today. As the end of the whole word, these two sentences are very loose and memorable. Judging from such a broad image, it is back to the time referred to by the words "near Mid-Autumn Festival" at the beginning. Echo from beginning to end, ending with the whole word.