Some details of canine thoracotomy

thoracotomy

Indications 1 Suitable for nasal septum repair, esophageal obstruction, pneumonectomy and heart surgery.

Generally, 13 pairs of ribs are dissected on dogs, of which 9 pairs are real ribs and 4 pairs are false ribs. The ribs are narrow and thick with great curvature. The middle one is the longest. The lower parts of the first 8-9 ribs gradually widen, and the last rib is often a floating rib. Costal cartilage often protrudes forward and downward, with paired levator costalis and intercostal muscles. The intercostal anterior cartilaginous space lacks external intercostal muscles, and the thickness of the posterior part is different, and the direction of muscle fibers is almost longitudinal.

3 instruments periosteal stripper, rib scissors, wire saw, bone contusion, wound retractor and general cutting, hemostasis and suture instruments. Dog artificial respiration device.

Baoding and anesthesia lateral lying Baoding, forelimb extension, general anesthesia.

Five different intercostal spaces were selected according to the surgical requirements, the second and third intercostal spaces were used for anterior mediastinal surgery, and the fourth and fifth intercostal spaces were used for heart and hilar surgery. The eighth intercostal space is used for the operation of esophageal terminal and diaphragm. When the incision can be anterior incision or posterior incision, it is best to choose posterior incision because the posterior rib gap is wide.

6 surgical operation

① rib resection: cut the skin, subcutaneous tissue, superficial fascia and deep muscle along the center of the rib, and reach the rib directly. Open the wound with a wound hook to stop bleeding seriously. Cut the periosteum longitudinally in the center of the rib, and make a transverse incision at both ends of this incision to form an I-shaped periosteum incision. Peel the periosteum with a periosteum stripper. After periosteum separation, cut off both ends of the rib with rib scissors or wire saw, flatten the sharp edge of the broken end with bone, and wipe off bone chips and other damaged tissues.

② Thoracic incision: the periosteum and pleura of the rib were cut on the costal cartilage bed, and the incision was enlarged 10- 15 cm with surgical scissors under the guidance of two fingers. At the same time, start the positive pressure oxygen supply control or assisted breathing, and use the rib retractor to completely open the incision for heart, lung or diaphragm surgery.

③ Thoracic closure: continuous suture with catgut or silk thread to achieve close connection, and air is strictly prohibited from entering or leaving. Periosteum, muscle and skin were stitched in layers and bandaged outside.

The gas in the chest cavity can be absorbed by itself within eight days. If it is necessary to accelerate the recovery of lung function, the gas in the chest cavity can be pumped out.

If a drainage tube is installed, pay attention to the dredging of the drainage tube, and pay attention to tightening the purse-string seam of the skin to seal the chest cavity when pulling it out.

7. Postoperative care should be given to limit the dog's strenuous exercise and continue to inject antibacterial bullets for 5-7 days.