Differential machine
Automobile differential is the main part of automobile running. Its function is to transmit power to the two axle shafts, and at the same time allow the two axle shafts to rotate at different speeds, so that the wheels on both sides can run in the form of pure rolling as much as possible and reduce the friction between the tire and the ground.
Differential function
When the car turns a corner, the track of the wheel is an arc. If the car turns left, the center of the arc is on the left. At the same time, the radian of the right wheel is longer than that of the left wheel. In order to balance this difference, the left wheel should be slower and the right wheel should be faster, and the distance difference should be compensated by different rotational speeds.
For full-time driving vehicles, the vehicle is equipped with three differentials, and its four wheels can rotate at different speeds, and automatically obtain different torque distribution according to their different ground adhesion, thus ensuring the vehicle to obtain good driving force.
If one side of the driving wheel loses grip, why can't the vehicle move forward? That's because when a wheel loses its grip on the ground, the resistance of one wheel is zero, while the resistance of the other wheel is too great relative to the one that loses its grip. While following the revolution of the shell, the planetary gears in the differential will also rotate wildly, constantly transmitting power to the wheel that loses grip, and the car will only stay put.
How to solve this problem? Here comes our protagonist, and the differential lock solves this problem:
Differential lock
The function of differential lock is to lock the differential housing and half axle into a whole when one driving wheel slips, so that the differential loses its differential function and all the torque can be transferred to the other driving wheel.
The differential lock solves the problem of power transmission when one wheel of an automobile slips, that is, locking the differential to make it stop working, and the left and right driving wheels can get the same torque.
So according to the position, a good four-wheel drive should have three differential locks, namely the central differential lock, the front axle differential lock and the rear axle differential lock.
The central differential lock is responsible for controlling the torque distribution of the front and rear wheels, and the front axle differential lock is responsible for the torque distribution of the left and right wheels of the front wheel, as well as the rear wheel.
Entry, descent and landing
The English abbreviation is EDS, also known as EDL. It is an extended function of ABS, which is used to identify whether the wheels of a car have lost friction with the ground, so as to control the acceleration and sideslip of the car. The working principle of EDS is easy to understand. In the process of automobile acceleration, when the electronic control unit judges that one side of the driving wheel slips according to the wheel speed signal, the EDS automatically starts to work, and the wheels are braked with appropriate intensity through the hydraulic control unit, thus improving the adhesion utilization rate of the other side of the driving wheel and improving the passing capacity of the vehicle. When the driving state of the vehicle returns to normal, the electronic differential system stops working. Compared with ordinary vehicles, vehicles equipped with EDS can make better use of ground adhesion to improve the driving performance of vehicles. It can be said that EDS is still practical.
Differential locks are generally only assembled on high-grade off-road vehicles, such as Audi Q7, BMW X5 and Mercedes-Benz GL. And there are not many models equipped with three differential locks, generally only the central differential lock.
Vehicle running configuration-tachometer
The tachometer is used to display the engine speed, so that you can see and know the engine speed intuitively, and remind the driver not to exceed the engine speed limit, in case the engine speed is too high to damage its internal parts and affect the safety of drivers and passengers!
The unit of rotation speed is revolutions per minute, that is, rpm. At present, the maximum speed of civil vehicles is generally 6000-7500 rpm.
Vehicle driving configuration-driving computer
The trip computer is also called ECU (electronic? Control? Unit) electronic control unit, also known as single chip microcomputer for automobile. It consists of microprocessor (CPU), memory (ROM, RAM), input-output interface (I/O), analog-to-digital converter (A/D) and large-scale integrated circuits such as shaping and driving.
In fact, all cars are now electronically controlled, which means that every car has a computer. The driving computer we refer to here refers to a system that can display outdoor temperature, instantaneous fuel consumption, average speed, average fuel consumption, cruising range, driving time and other information.
Vehicle driving configuration-constant speed cruise system
CRUISECONTROLSYSTEM is abbreviated as CCS, also known as cruise control device, speed control system, automatic driving system, etc. General Motors is the originator of the car cruise control system. They took the lead in applying cruise control system to 1959 Cadillac series, which can make drivers drive at a constant speed.
Functions of Constant Speed Cruise System
After the cruise control system is turned on and off at the speed required by the driver, the speed can be automatically maintained without stepping on the accelerator, so that the vehicle can run at a fixed speed. With this device, when driving on the expressway for a long time, the driver does not need to control the accelerator pedal, which reduces fatigue, unnecessary speed change and saves fuel.
Million car purchase subsidy