The plant height is 0.4 ~ 1 m, the leaves are alternate, the quality is thick and shiny, the edge is dull, and there are two varieties: red leaves and green leaves. Flowers and fruits in summer, white or pink, arranged in umbels; The fruit is spherical, about the size of a pea, bright red and bright when mature, surrounding the branches. The fruit of last year has not fallen, and it will blossom and bear fruit next year. A tree can enjoy 365 days of fruit, and the red fruit period lasts for 9 months, covering New Year's Day, Spring Festival and the whole spring. Now its production technology is introduced as follows.
breeding method
Generally, sowing or cutting propagation is adopted.
Fukiko seed coat is hard and difficult to absorb water and germinate. It should be ground before sowing, soaked in warm water for one day, and then sown or sown in a seedbed with loose soil. After sowing, cover with a layer of yellow mud and keep it moist. Sowing should be carried out when the temperature rises above 25℃ and the temperature difference between morning and evening is small. It can take root and sprout in about 30 days.
The best cutting time is from late May to mid-June or from late August to early September. Because the temperature is about 25℃ to 30℃, it is most suitable for plant growth.
Selection of cuttings: annual semi-lignified branches and annual branches with strong leaves and no pests and diseases are selected as cuttings. Generally, it will blossom and bear fruit in the second year. Attention should be paid to the drug treatment of cutting injury. After cutting, proper amount of rooting elements can be applied, such as vitamin B 1 and vitamin B 12.
Cuttings can be made of chaff ash or sand. Pay attention to watering and spraying after insertion. Generally, water should be poured 1 2 times a day, and the water content should not be too much, so as to keep the seedbed moist.
Cultivation management
Fukiko is a semi-shade plant, and likes semi-shade, loose soil, well-ventilated and short-day growth environment. If we want to plant Fokiko well, we must create a good environment for it.
Sunshade can be built with plastic shed or sunshade net, and the sunshade rate is required to reach 60% to 90%. In short, it can prevent sun, cool down and humidify.
The cultivated soil can be purchased nutrient soil or self-made nutrient soil. Preparation method: relatively fertile soil (pond mud, humus soil, old garden soil and field soil) 70%-80%, coarse sand 10%- 15%, decomposed oil-free sawdust or unburned chaff10%-15. In short, nutrient soil should meet the requirements of fertility, looseness and good drainage performance.
Transplanting pots determine the size of flowerpots or nutrient pots (bags) according to the size of flower seedlings. Place the plant in the center of the pot, and then slightly cultivate the soil to make the root system in good contact with the soil. Sprinkle a layer of rough pond mud or moss on the basin soil, and be careful not to exceed the basin surface to prevent the basin soil from hardening when watering and overflowing outside the basin when fertilizing. Put it in a cool shed or in a cool place without sunlight, pour it thoroughly, and take the water discharged from the bottom of the basin as the degree. It can be transferred to normal management after 10 to 15 days.
Watering depends on different seasons, weather changes, the size of flowerpots, the drainage performance of flowerpots and the different placement positions. Water should be watered once every 3 ~ 4 days in spring, once every 0 ~ 2 days in summer and once every 2 ~ 3 days in autumn. Watering time, the temperature is high in summer and autumn, so water should be done in the morning and evening, and it is best to water at noon in winter. In short, we should pay attention to timely and appropriate watering to keep the soil moist, not dry or waterlogged.
Fertilization should be based on the size of flower seedlings, different seasons, and different fruit branches and non-fruit branches. Fukike grows vigorously in summer and autumn, needs more nutrients and can be fertilized more; Plants are basically dormant in winter and early spring, so they can be applied less or not. In short, it is necessary to meet the needs of the growth and development of flower seedlings, and to prevent the plants from growing white and affecting the ornamental value. Therefore, the best way is to apply less concentrated fertilizer, more dilute fertilizer and more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.