Many people equate seeing a psychiatrist with being mentally ill, so in China, there are still many people who don't want to see a psychiatrist. There is a county-level cadre who has been in pain for nearly 10 years for no reason, and all major hospitals are fine. This cadre takes medicine every day and blames his lover, which is considered to be caused by his bad lover ... This kind of obstacle is called transformational pain disorder in psychology, which comes from his inability to solve the pressure in life. A friend suggested that he see a psychiatrist. The cadre insisted on not going, thinking that he had a set of theories. Besides, seeing a psychiatrist is a mental illness. As a result, he finally divorced his lover, his family broke down, and his pain did not improve ... I wanted to help him, but he refused to let me go, so I had to give up. Pity his lover, who has worked hard to keep the house for 20 years, but accepted the pain of divorce for no reason in middle age. Anyone can be a counselor.
Just like no one can drive casually, psychological counselors have to undergo rigorous training and examination and obtain a license from the management department before they can take up their posts. According to the requirements of developed countries, a qualified wholly-owned psychological counselor should basically have a doctorate in psychology and medicine, undergo strict internship training, have certain practical experience, pass the certification qualification examination, and be able to start a business independently under the guidance of the supervisor. Due to well-known reasons, China has not yet met the requirements of developed countries, and there is a big gap. We can only lower the standard, use some talents who love psychological counseling and basically have the quality of psychological counseling, and gradually cultivate senior professionals in psychological counseling, so as to strive to be in line with international standards as soon as possible.
This is the answer. National psychologists are different from those in hospitals, which generally prescribe drugs. National psychologists are different from hospital psychologists. The clients of psychological counselors are direct help seekers, which is different in hospitals. The first is to serve the hospital. The hospital needs them to prescribe medicine. Mental illness and mental illness are two different diseases, which are quite different, as described below.
First, mental illness.
Mental illness is a general term for psychological problems and psychological obstacles. Psychological problems refer to those temporary psychological obstacles that have happened recently, with limited content, weak response to psychological activities and no influence on thinking logic. In daily life, something may cause psychological unhappiness, temporary anxiety and trouble, manifested as depression or impatience. Psychological disorder refers to the initial reaction is very strong, and lasts for a long time, as well as their own insurmountable mental burden. Due to long-term mental torture, sometimes accompanied by personality defects, such people may have obvious clinical symptoms, such as panic, anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, somatoform disorder and so on. Patients often feel extremely painful and urgently seek help. Mental illness is generally mild and will not have a significant impact on work and life, such as anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, perfect mentality, depression, impatience, jealousy, nostalgia, neurasthenia and so on. Patients can clearly feel its existence, so they feel pain and try their best to get rid of it. Generally speaking, it can be eliminated through self-regulation or the help of others (such as psychological counselors).
Why does mental illness happen? Just like personal illness, there are personal quality reasons and environmental reasons. For example, some people are naturally introverted, not good at communicating with others, unable to find psychological support from the people around them or the environment, and have no psychological exercise, which is more likely to cause psychological instability and even mental illness. This is the reason of personal quality; There are also environmental reasons, such as a strong blow or mental illness caused by long-term difficulties. When mental illness occurs, it is the same as physical illness. Diagnosis and treatment should be made as soon as possible. Many mental illnesses can be cured. People often have a wrong understanding that mental illness can be adjusted by themselves, that there is no need to diagnose or treat it, or that it is a shame to have mental illness. In fact, just like getting sick, you should see a doctor when you are sick. Being sick is not a mistake. Only when people have a healthy body and mind can they work and study better and have a happy life.
Characteristics of mental illness
Mental illness is a strong psychological reaction (thinking, emotion, behavior, will) caused by personal and external factors, accompanied by obvious physical discomfort. It is the external manifestation of brain dysfunction. Characterized in that:
1. Strong psychological reaction-there may be mistakes in thinking judgment, decreased thinking agility, decreased memory, sticky mind blank, strong sense of inferiority and pain, lack of energy, depression turning into depression, nervousness and anxiety, abnormal behavior (such as repetitive actions, reduced actions, withdrawal behavior, etc.). ), as well as a decline in will.
2. Obvious physical discomfort-dysfunction of the central control system can cause dysfunction of various systems of the controlled human body: if the digestive system is affected, symptoms such as loss of appetite, abdominal distension, constipation or diarrhea (or constipation-diarrhea alternation) may occur; If the cardiovascular system is affected, there will be symptoms such as palpitation, chest tightness and dizziness; If it affects the endocrine system, there will be changes in women's menstrual cycle, male sexual dysfunction ... and so on.
3. Great harm-patients in this state cannot or barely complete social functions, lack relaxed and happy experiences, and have a strong sense of pain. "It's uncomfortable everywhere" and "It's better to be alive than dead" are their true inner experiences.
4. The patient's self-awareness is complete-the patient himself is very painful, the disease itself is not understandable by ordinary people, and the patient has a strong desire to seek medical treatment.
5. Need the treatment of a psychologist-patients in this state generally cannot recover through self-regulation and treatment by non-psychological doctors. Psychologists generally adopt a comprehensive treatment method combining psychotherapy and drug therapy for such patients. In the early stage of treatment, mood can be quickly adjusted by mood-regulating drugs, psychological disorders can be relieved by psychotherapy in the middle and late stage, social functions can be restored by psychological training, and mental health level can be improved.
Mental illness is very common, but in different degrees. Moreover, the development of modern civilization has made human beings more and more divorced from natural attributes. Pollution, fast pace of life, tension, unprecedented information, complex social relations, changes in work and rest styles, differences in consumption orientation, unfair facts under the concept of fairness, and doting. , gradually increased and worsened mental illness.
Second, mental illness.
Mental illness refers to the disorder of brain function under the influence of various biological, psychological and social environmental factors, which leads to different degrees of mental activities such as cognition, emotion, will and behavior. It is manifested as mental activity disorder, which is the general term for brain dysfunction. It can be divided into four categories: psychosis, neurosis, personality disorder and mental retardation. When the body is affected by internal and external harmful factors and the brain function is unbalanced, various mental diseases will occur. When the whole mental activity is obviously abnormal or disordered, and the integrity and unity of mental activity are destroyed, it is manifested as mental illness; If the mental activity ability is mainly weakened, but there is no serious and lasting mental activity disorder, it will be manifested as neurosis; If the development of intellectual activities is hindered, it is manifested as mental retardation. Mental illness is a disease characterized by mental activity disorder, which is caused by social, psychological and biological factors and leads to brain dysfunction. Clinically, it is manifested as obstacles in perception, thinking, emotion, intelligence and behavior. The main symptoms are illusion, hallucination, anxiety, indifference, delusion and insight. Schizophrenia and mental disability are common. Mental disability refers to mental patients who have not recovered for more than one year, which affects their social skills and makes their family and social functions appear different degrees of disorder and obstacles.
Types and symptoms of mental illness
Mental illness is mainly divided into mild mental illness and severe mental illness. Common mild mental illnesses include obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression. The common serious mental illness is schizophrenia. Mild mental illness is mainly manifested as emotional disorder (such as anxiety and depression). ) and thinking obstacles (such as obsessive-compulsive ideas, etc. ), but the cognition, logical reasoning and insight of patients' thinking are basically intact. Patients with severe mental illness, such as early schizophrenia, may also have anxiety and obsessive-compulsive ideas, but their cognitive and logical reasoning abilities will deteriorate and their self-knowledge will almost be lost. Organic psychosis or toxic psychosis caused by brain lesions should be distinguished from general functional psychosis. There are several kinds of mild mental illness, namely: anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, phobia and so on. Severe mental illness includes schizophrenia.
Characteristics of mental illness
Mental illness is a brain dysfunction, which leads to different degrees of cognitive, emotional, will and behavioral mental activities; Patients have no self-knowledge, often have hallucinations and delusions, often do not admit their illness, and cannot work and live normally. Need a combination of psychotherapy and medication. These patients refused to seek medical treatment or did not take the initiative to seek medical treatment. They need to go to a special institution (mental hospital) for a combination of psychotherapy and medication, which is easy to repeat and difficult to eradicate.