The iliac tubercle is slightly higher than the anterior superior iliac spine, and the highest point of iliac crest is higher (when standing). The fan-shaped bone plate protruding upward from ilium is called iliac wing, and the upper edge of iliac wing is thick and arched upward, which is called iliac crest.
The leading edge of the wing bends downward to reach the acetabulum, and there are two bony processes, namely, the anterior superior iliac spine and the anterior inferior iliac spine. From the anterior superior iliac spine to the upper back about 5-7 cm, the iliac crest is thick and protrudes outward, which is called iliac crest nodule and is often used for bone marrow puncture.
The line connecting the highest points of bilateral iliac crests is approximately flush with the spinous process of the fourth lumbar vertebra, which is a sign of several vertebrae.
Extended data:
The ilium is thick and constitutes the upper 2/5 of the acetabulum. Iliac wing is a broad bone plate above the body, and the middle part is thin. Its upper margin hypertrophy is called iliac crest. The anterior iliac crest is the anterior superior iliac spine, located 5-7 cm behind the anterior superior iliac spine, and the junction of anterior iliac crest and middle iliac crest 1/3 protrudes outward, which is called iliac tubercle. Anterior superior iliac spine and iliac tubercle are important bone markers.
The posterior process of iliac crest is posterior superior iliac crest. The processes below them are called anterior inferior iliac spine and posterior inferior iliac spine respectively. There is a deep ischial notch below the posterior inferior iliac spine.
The medial surface of iliac wing is smooth and slightly concave, which is called iliac fossa. The lower edge of iliac fossa is a protruding arch line, on which the auricular surface and sacrum form sacroiliac joint. There are iliac nodules above the auricular surface, which are connected to the sacrum through ligaments. The lateral iliac wing is called gluteal muscle surface, which is attached by gluteal muscle.
Baidu encyclopedia-iliac crest
Baidu encyclopedia-posterior superior iliac spine