For example, as an annual cultivation, seedlings of early-maturing varieties treated at low temperature are selected and planted from April to June every year, and flowers bloom in autumn. Cut flowers last all winter until the following spring, mainly winter flowers. Pay attention to proper shading and cooling in hot weather in summer, and keep warm in winter. As a biennial cultivation, it is sown in June 5438+00-February 12 every year, so that the seedlings can fully accept the natural low temperature in winter, bloom in the next spring, last until the winter of that year, and be eradicated after the flowers are produced in winter.
Forget me about soil colonization.
I don't have high requirements for soil, and loose and breathable sandy loam with deep soil layer is better. Before planting, adjust the pH value of the soil to make it slightly alkaline. The amount of base fertilizer accounts for 70% of the total fertilizer, and the planting bed should contain nitrogen 1.75 kg, phosphorus 2.0 kg, potassium 2. 1 kg and boron 0. 14 kg/m2. Slow-release compound fertilizer and decomposed organic fertilizer are used as base fertilizers, and then they are evenly turned into the soil after application. Flat border, the border is about 20cm high. The plant spacing is 30cm× 40cm, with two rows staggered. If three rows are planted and three rows are staggered, it is beneficial to ventilation and light transmission. Seedlings should not be planted too deep, and the planting depth should be flush with the roots and soil surface, and should be watered in time after planting.
Fertilizer and water management
During the growth period, 70% of nitrogen and potassium are used as base fertilizer, 30% as topdressing, and all phosphorus fertilizers are used as base fertilizer. The topdressing in season is generally 1 time. Topdressing potassium fertilizer and boron fertilizer at flowering stage is beneficial to improve the quality and yield of cut flowers.
Don't forget me. I like a dry and well-drained environment to avoid water accumulation. The watering amount should be properly controlled during the whole growth period, otherwise it will lead to the decline of flowering quality and yield.
Water and fertilizer management
When the seedlings survive and start to grow, topdressing should be carried out with irrigation every 10 day, and the mixed solution of 200 mg/kg nitrogen fertilizer and 100 mg/kg potassium fertilizer should be added to the water for fertilization. Keep the soil moist at seedling stage, pay attention to regular intertillage and weeding, and promote the healthy development of seedling roots. The seedlings were planted for about 2 months and began to flower. The lover grass in flowering period should be full of water and fertilizer, otherwise the flowers will be short and not prosperous. Irrigation water can be supplemented with 200 mg/kg of mixed liquid of nitrogen and potassium, and fertilized every 10 day/time. At bolting and flowering stage, in addition to topdressing liquid fertilizer, the mixed solution of 0. 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.0 1% boric acid should be used for foliar spraying to improve the yield and quality of cut acacia flowers.
Temperature management
I like a cool environment and am afraid of hot weather. The environmental temperature of cultivated species should be controlled at 65438 02 ~ 20℃. Forget-me-not plants have strong cold resistance. Under the natural temperature conditions in Kunming in winter, some varieties can overwinter in the open air. Most varieties will germinate and blossom in the following spring as long as their roots grow completely before winter, even if some leaves on the ground die. However, forget-me-not flowering is extremely sensitive to low temperature response. Only when the temperature reaches above 20℃ during the day and not lower than 10℃ at night can the flower branches grow and bloom.
illuminate
Forget yourself. You must get enough sunshine to grow normally. If the environment is cool, although the shrubs are lush, there are few flower buds. Therefore, plants should be exposed to sunlight for more than 4 hours every day. If sufficient sunshine can be guaranteed, the growth will be better.
Flower branch fixation
To produce high-quality cut flowers, it is usually necessary to pull the net to fix the branches. The specific method is to pull a layer of net rack 20 ~ 30 cm above the ground before bolting, and cover the second layer of net 45 cm above the ground after the plants bloom. With the growth of flower branches, guide them into the grid in time to keep the scape upright.
Shaping and pruning
Forget yourself. In the growing period, flowering branches should be treated differently according to the size of seedlings. For plants that have grown larger and the leaves between plants are basically closed, 4 ~ 5 flower branches are left for each plant to grow and bloom; For small plants, the flowering branches can be removed, so that they do not bloom for a while, so that their plants can fully grow, laying the foundation for producing high-quality cut flowers, and then let them enter the flowering stage when the plants fully grow. During this period, it is necessary to remove the newly sprouted twigs regularly, so as to concentrate nutrition and open the twigs, improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions inside the plants, reduce the number of blind flowers in the middle and lower parts of the plants and improve the quality of individual twigs. After the amount of cut flowers exceeds 50%, it is necessary to start cultivating the next flowering branch. The practice is to keep a small number of newly sprouted flower branches during this period. After the last crop of flowers is completely cut, the remaining flower branches have grown to a certain height, which effectively shortens the interval between two crops of flowers and enables love grass to continue to bloom and supply the market.
Cut flowers and listing
When the petals on each small flower branch are spread to 30% and all inflorescences are colored, they can be cut. When picking flowers in the morning or at night, you should start cutting from the base of the plant, especially in the early stage of cutting, which can promote the axillary bud germination of the plant. After cutting, the base of the flower branch is immersed in the preservative solution to keep the water content of the flower branch enough for the market. Forget-me-not cut flowers can be preserved for 2 ~ 3 weeks at about 2℃.
control of insect
There are also gray mold, powdery mildew, viral diseases and so on. Continuous spraying of 800 ~ 1000 chlorothalonil and thiophanate methyl for 3 ~ 4 times can control gray mold. Powdery mildew can be prevented by spraying triadimefon, and virus diseases can be prevented mainly by pulling out diseased plants in time and burning them and spraying pesticides to prevent insect-borne diseases. Scale insects are the most common pests of Phyllostachys praecox, which can be cleaned with an old toothbrush and sprayed with 40% omethoate EC 1000 times.
brief introduction
Forget-me-not (scientific name: Myosotis sylvatica) is a forget-me-not plant of Lithospermum. Forget-me-not is a perennial herb with a height of 30-60cm. Verticillate cymes, length10-15cm; Don't forget me, there are light blue flowers, which bloom in April-May. Strong adaptability, like dry and cool climate, avoid damp heat, like light, drought-resistant, and the suitable growth temperature is 20℃-25℃.
It is distributed in Europe, Iran, Russia, Pakistan, Kashmir, India and Jiangsu, Northwest China, North China, Sichuan, Yunnan and Northeast Chinese mainland. It grows at an altitude of 200 meters to 4200 meters. Mostly born in mountain forest margins, hillsides, forests and valley grasslands. Without artificial introduction and cultivation.
The common "forget-me-not" made into dried flowers on the market is actually a kind of Limonium plant called Limonium. Please pay attention to distinguish.
morphological character
Perennial herbs. Stems erect, single or clustered, 20-45 cm tall, usually branched, sparsely spread, and sometimes curled. Most leaves are basal, lying flat on the ground; Having short stems and wings; Leaf blade is obovate spoon-shaped, 8 ~ 10 cm long and 3 ~ 6 cm wide, with round apex, short basal stalk, microwave-like teeth at the edge and obvious pinnate veins below; Cauline leaves are opposite, 2-3 pairs, sessile, spoon-shaped, long 1.5-2 cm, wide 0.7-7 cm, blunt apex, round base, semi-embracing stem, and wavy teeth at the edge.
A verticillate cyme with 5-8 flowers in each round, with 2 bracts under each flower, and the bracts are linear-lanceolate; Pedicel length 8- 10 mm; Calyx tube is short, calyx 4 is deeply divided to the base, and lobes are linear-lanceolate; Corolla bell-shaped, cleft, light green, long 1 ~ 1.2 cm; Stamens 4, inserted at the bend between corollas, alternate with lobes; The ovary is incomplete, 2-loculed, sessile, short style, and the gland is attached to the base of the ovary in a wheel shape.
Capsule sessile, upper part twisted, with persistent beak style. Seeds are numerous, dark brown, with longitudinal ridges on the surface. The flowering and fruiting period is March-165438+1October.