The specific operation of intertillage is to use farm tools (such as hoes and plows). ) cultivate soil in farmland to loosen soil, increase air permeability, promote water infiltration and root growth. At the same time, intertillage can also eliminate weeds, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, and improve crop yield and quality.
The time and frequency of intertillage vary with crops and growth stages. Generally speaking, multiple intertillages are needed in the early and middle stages of crop growth to promote root growth and nutrient absorption. In the later stage of crop growth, it can reduce the number of intertillage, avoid damaging the root system and affect crop maturity.
The depth of intertillage also needs attention. Too deep will damage the root system and affect crop growth; It is too shallow to promote root growth and prevent pests and diseases. Therefore, the appropriate depth should be determined according to crop types, soil conditions and climate during intertillage.
Effects of intertillage:
1, increasing soil permeability: intertillage can loosen surface soil, break soil hardening, increase soil permeability and permeability, and is beneficial to root respiration and water infiltration. Intertillage can remove weeds and reduce the competition for nutrients. At the same time, farming can promote the decomposition and release of nutrients in the soil, which is beneficial to the absorption and utilization of crops.
2. Improve soil water-holding capacity: after intertillage, the soil becomes soft, which is beneficial to water-holding. Under drought conditions, intertillage can reduce water evaporation and improve crop drought resistance. It can break the barrier on the soil surface, make the sun shine directly on the soil surface, raise the ground temperature, and thus promote the absorption of nutrients by the roots.
3. Improve the soil structure: intertillage can loosen the topsoil, increase the air permeability and permeability of the soil, which is beneficial to root respiration and water infiltration. At the same time, intertillage can promote the formation of soil aggregate structure and improve soil water retention capacity and fertility.
4. Preventing soil from returning to salt and controlling alkali: intertillage can cut off the capillaries in the surface soil, which will hinder the development of secondary roots too early or too high, and is also an important means to adjust the soil moisture status. After irrigation or rainstorm, when the surface is slightly dry, the green space and tree holes should be hoed in time, which is conducive to dehumidification and moisture conservation, preventing soil hardening, salt return and alkali control.