Five causes of exophthalmos
1. Intraorbital tumor: it is one of the common causes of exophthalmos, mostly benign, with hemangioma being the most common and slow onset. The main manifestations are unilateral exophthalmos, normal or decreased vision and barrier-free eye movement, such as hemangioma, meningioma, lacrimal gland tumor and neurilemmoma.
2, inflammatory exophthalmos: mostly caused by local or adjacent tissues and systemic inflammation, such as eyeball fasciitis, orbital cellulitis, cavernous sinus thrombosis, panophthalmia and so on. In addition to exophthalmos, there are inflammatory manifestations such as local redness, swelling and heat pain.
3, vascular exophthalmos: more common in the cavernous sinus of internal carotid artery and orbital varicose veins. The former is more common after trauma, also known as pulsating exophthalmos; The latter can be congenital or acquired, also known as intermittent exophthalmos.
4. Other reasons lead to orbital bone deformity: the orbital internal volume becomes smaller and the eyeball protrudes.
5. Traumatic exophthalmos: It is caused by intraorbital hemorrhage, tissue edema and emphysema after local eye and orbital trauma.