Break through!

Changde knows how to fight.

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[Note 1]

For example, for the expeditionary force fighting in Myanmar, the headquarters of the 66th Army was reorganized by Sichuan 1 Supplementary Training Headquarters, and the new 29th Division and the new 28th Division were jointly edited by the rangers and supplementary groups of 16 Supplementary Training Headquarters. Chen Cheng took the expedition to Yunnan, and the new 39th Division was directly adapted into the Chongqing Division.

The commander-in-chief of the Sixth Theater is General Chen Cheng. Before the Western Hubei Conference, Chen Cheng was in charge of the Expeditionary Force. The sixth theater was represented by Sun Lianzhong, deputy commander-in-chief and general of the nationalist army. Although General Sun was born in the army, he was famous for his calm use of troops and was a hero in the battle of Taierzhuang. The Staff Committee of the Sixth Theater is the elite of the Civil Staff, and General Guo Chan, the Chief of Staff, is the old general of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, which makes General Sun give orders to the elite troops of the Central Army under his jurisdiction. This personnel arrangement of the authorities can be described as stable. The sixth war zone after the Western Hubei Conference was actively consolidated. According to the war history, the number of bullets has reached 20 million. The elite reserve forces directly under the Central Military Commission, General Wang's 74th Army and 100 Army, also went to Xiangxi, and the combat effectiveness of the theater increased to a certain level. The Yangtze River Defense Command, which just won the highest honor in the battle of western Hubei, has also been built. The sixth theater successfully contained the Japanese army and annihilated more than 10,000 enemy troops in the war in western Hubei, and its high morale was also an important factor to be reckoned with.

At this point, the battle sequence of the sixth theater is as follows:

Commander of the Sixth Theater, Sir, General Chen Cheng, First Class Army.

Acting commander, sir, second-class general Sun Lianzhong.

Lieutenant General Guo Chan, Chief of Staff

Lieutenant General Wang Jingjiu, Commander-in-Chief of the Tenth Army

Lieutenant General Fang Jing, commander of the 66th Army.

185 Shi Shi (Li)

199 division week

Lieutenant General Wang Jiaben, Commander of the 79th Army.

Major General Xiang Minsi of the 98th Division

194 Shi Gong

Zhao Jiping of the Sixth Division of Major General is acting temporarily.

Commander-in-Chief of the 26th Army Lieutenant General Zhou Zhai

Lieutenant General Liu Jiming, Commander of the 75th Army.

Major General Wu Zhongzhi, 6th Division

/KLOC-Major General Tang Su of 0/6 Division

Wang Zhongzhu, Major General of Pre-Fourth Division

Song Kentang, commander of the 32nd Army of Lieutenant General.

139 division's grandson

14 1 division forest

Wu temporarily transferred to the 34th Division.

General Wang Zuxu, Commander-in-Chief of 29 army.

Lieutenant General Wang Zejun, Commander of the 44th Army.

/KLOC-Major General He Baoheng of 0/49 Division

/KLOC-Major General Xu Guozhang of 0/50 Division (killed in battle, posthumously awarded to Lieutenant General)

16 1 Major General Xiong Zhizhong

/KLOC-Major General Sun Nai of 0/62 Division

Lieutenant General Wang Zhibin, Commander of the 73rd Army.

/KLOC-Lieutenant General Zhiliu Liang of 0/5 Division.

Guo Rudong, 77th Division (Han)

Peng Shiliang, Fifth Division of Major General (killed in battle, posthumously awarded Lieutenant General as Army)

General Feng Zhian, commander-in-chief of the 33rd Army.

Lieutenant General Liu Zhen, commander of the 59th Army.

Li of the 38 th division

180 Shi Dong

Major General Zhai Zifeng of the Temporary 53rd Division

Lieutenant General Ho Li Ji, Commander of the 77th Army.

Major General Ji Xingwen of the 37th Division.

/KLOC-Major General Wang Changhai of 0/32 Division

/KLOC-Major General Xu Changlin of 0/79 Division

Commander-in-Chief of the Upper Yangtze River General Command, Wu Qiwei, Second General of the Army.

Major General Luo Guangwen, Commander of 18 Army.

1 1 Major General Hu Lian of the Division.

/KLOC-Major General Qin Daoshan of 0/8 Division

Wu of the 55th Division

Chi Fengcheng, commander of the 30th Army of Lieutenant General.

27 Shi Xu

Major General Wang Zhen, 30th Division.

3 1 Division Major General Mi Zibin

Lieutenant General Zhu Dingqing, commander of the 86th Army.

13 Shi Jin

Major General Luo Xianda, 67th Division

Major General Ruan Qi of the 32nd Division temporarily.

Troops directly under the theater

Commander of the 74th Army of Wang.

Major General Zhou Zhidao, 5 1 Division

Major General Yu Chengwan of the 57th Division.

Zhang 58 th division

Lieutenant General Shi Zhongcheng, 100 army commander.

Tang 19 division

Major General Zhao Xitian of the 63rd Division.

Major General Li Shilin, 43rd Division.

Troops directly under the theater

Lieutenant General Sheng Yao Feng of the new 23rd Division.

1/Major General Rebecca of KLOC-0/8 Division.

Major General Li Zefen, 5th Division

12 1 teacher's wear

Major General Lao Guanying temporarily compiled the 35th Division.

Half of the sixth war zone is the elite troops of the Central Army, and other miscellaneous brands are also famous and powerful by local military departments.

The defensive territory of the sixth theater is roughly divided into two parts. Take Shipai Fortress as the core and stick to the gateway of the Yangtze River into Sichuan.

The headquarters of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River has been established here, with General Wu Qiwei as the main force and the most elite troops of the Ministry of Civil Affairs as the main force of the whole sixth theater. Secondly, the main battlefield of Changde Battle, the lakeside area of Dongting Lake in western Hunan, after the fall of Yichang, is the traffic artery between Sichuan and Central China, the traffic lifeline of two major war zones in five provinces of Central China, and also the right wing of the main position of the sixth war zone. Although this place was emptied because of the transfer of the 20 th Army, it still has certain strength. Sun Dai's arrangement in this area can be described as well-organized: the 29th Army has been arranged in the front line of Binhu District, and has been widely deployed with 10 Army to form a first-line corps; Although the Jiangfangjun guards the front of the Yangtze River, it can also choose to be on the defensive or go south according to the situation.

The commander of the 26th Army is Lieutenant General Zhou Zhai, commander-in-chief of Zhejiang Army. His 75th Army is the essence of the rest of Zhejiang Army. Zhejiang is the hometown of Chairman Chiang Kai-shek, so all the former Zhejiang troops who joined the Northern Expedition were ignored by Chiang Kai-shek. The foundation of the 75th Army is the 6th Division, which was quickly expanded into an army after War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. After the war in Wuhan, this army fell into the arms of Chen Cheng and became one of the main forces of civil engineering. [Note 2] Chen Cheng believes that the 75th Army relies heavily on its combat power, so it is arranged on the flank of Jiang Fangjun, and it is one of the backbones of the Sixth Theater.

[Note 2]

In recent two years, the Political Bureau of History of the Ministry of National Defense of Taiwan Province Province has published the war history of three civilian and wooden troops, and the 75th army ranks behind the 18 army and the 54th army. This may be because this army has no record of betrayal during the civil war in China. It followed the government all the way to Taiwan Province Province and became the main force of Zhoushan Defense Headquarters at 1950.

10 army is the main defensive force in the main battlefield of Changde Battle. The 66th Army and the 79th Army under its jurisdiction are the elites of the civil army. 10 army was originally stationed in Zhejiang, responsible for coastal defense in eastern Zhejiang. Temporary 9 th Army and 88 th Army are secondary units adapted from Zhejiang Security Team. 1942 During the Zhejiang-Jiangxi Battle, the two armies suffered heavy losses. Wang Jingjiu, commander of the army, led the headquarters of the whole army and the remnants of the temporary 9th Army to move to Xiangxi for training and consolidation. The temporary 9th Army headquarters was renamed the 66th Army, and its three temporary divisions were disbanded and reorganized in Xiangxi. The 66th Army transferred two main divisions from the original 18 Army and the 87th Army to balance its combat power. One of the two divisions, 185 division, was originally Wuhan Guard Brigade, and the other, 199 division, was incorporated into the civil army adapted from Hunan Security Force. 10 Army changed its jurisdiction over the 66th Army and the prestigious 79th Army. Instead, it has become another backbone of the civil engineering department.

The 74th Army led by Wang is perhaps the most brilliant army in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Most people are shallow about the history of the war, and perhaps think that this honor should be crowned by the new 1 army of Myanmar. However, in my humble opinion of studying the history of war for many years, during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, it was the poorly equipped Turkish army that fought the Japanese invaders who were the real heroes. The 74th Army is the best among them. The 74th Army is the elite of the Central Army. Its veteran commander, General Yu Jishi, has been praised as the Central Army all the year round and has held important positions for many times. Therefore, the equipment supply and quality of this army are always excellent, but this army is also unambiguous in actual combat. In the eight years of the Anti-Japanese War, I fought almost all the hard battles in the battlefield in Central China, mostly as the main force, with outstanding achievements. From the Battle of Songhu 1937 Nanjing Battle 1938 Lanzhou Summit Battle Wuhan Battle 1939 Nanchang Battle Changsha Battle Winter Offensive 19465438 Second Changsha Battle. During the Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang set up martial arts for the army, navy and air force, which was the highest praise for the group army, that is, the army won four axes. 1940, the 74th Army was reorganized with the latest equipment and changed to the so-called attack army, which was directly under the Military Commission and served as the emergency reserve for major battlefields. The Japanese army was deeply awed by the ace troops in this national army, and called it the "Third Five Army" (referring to 5 1 division, with 57 divisions and 58 divisions under its jurisdiction, all of which began with 5).

[Note 3]

The so-called offensive army refers to several corps-level units carefully selected by the Central China battlefield in the middle of the Anti-Japanese War, which are directly under the Military Commission and serve as the general reserve. Such as the famous 13 Army, Du's 5 Army, Ding's 26 Army and German 18 Army. The 74th Army is the best. These armies were all adapted by the best assembly method of the national army at that time, and the strategic unit was legion level. They are equipped with a huge army directly under the army, which basically includes artillery regiment, engineering corps, trench corps, cavalry search battalion, communication battalion, battle defense artillery battalion and air defense company. In addition to the complete staff unit, the military department itself has a strong ability to directly subordinate special forces and transport supplies by itself. Can be used flexibly, can be independent, and can fight independently on the battlefield. In addition, the most unique thing is that these attacking troops also have their own divisions, and the commanders are also deputy commanders to avoid bureaucratic restrictions on recruitment. In the history of the Anti-Japanese War, these adapted troops can live up to the great trust of the country and write brilliant war history.

194 1 After the Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign, Liu Guangji's original 100 army was defeated and abolished. 100 Army was reorganized by General Wang, and General Shi Zhongcheng, the deputy commander of the 74th Army, was appointed as the commander. The 63rd Division, which has been fighting in Jiangsu and Zhejiang all the year round, and the elite 19 Division of Xiang Army actively trained and consolidated, and achieved results in a short time. From then on, the 100 Army fought side by side with the 74th Army, and became a brother army with outstanding military achievements.

The wind and cloud will rise

1943 at the end of summer, the Japanese army sent troops to prepare for the war, which consumed the effective combat power of the national army in order to cope with the transfer of troops in the south. Sugiyama, chief of staff of the Japanese base camp, recalled this operational instruction after the war, claiming that the whole China dispatch headquarters could not understand the strategic intention of this campaign at that time. I don't know how to deal with the battlefield thousands of miles away. At this time, after preliminary planning, sending troops stressed that there should be at least one key point of the campaign, and especially put forward the strategic location as the operational goal. On this premise, three operational plans were put forward. First, the North China Army opened the Pinghan Railway; Second, the 13 Army marched into Guangde to destroy the Loyalty Salvation Army active in the local area; 3. 1 1 The army attacked Changde. It is intended to attack the effective combat effectiveness of the sixth theater. Regarding China's idea of sending troops, the North China Army said that the Japanese army in North China was already stretched to cope with the guerrilla warfare of the Eighth Route Army, and was temporarily unable to carry out large-scale operations and challenge Chiang's 200,000 troops. The 13 Army stationed in East China sent nearly two divisions to attack Guangde on September 8th. According to the Japanese army, although the battle was crowded, it still failed to find the main force of the loyalty army. Instead, it was completely attacked by the third war zone, which greatly shocked its own defense zone. Dispatching troops was busy for a month, but they didn't achieve the goal of destroying the Chongqing army at first, and they couldn't do anything in the Tokyo base camp, which was quite embarrassing.

On September 28th, Xi Liu Jun reported to the base camp "Showa 18 China Army Operational Guidance Network after Autumn", focusing on the battlefield in Central China: "1 1 Army commanders should start fighting in early June, attack Changde, eliminate the enemy's main combat power, and restore to the original state after achieving their operational objectives.

In the idea of the Japanese base camp, launching a medium-sized battle in China from time to time can weaken the strength of the national army, contain the activities of the national army in southern Yunnan, and prevent the allied forces from attacking Indo-China Peninsula. However, even though the superficial strategic planning is grandiose, the actual strategic axis of the Japanese army is always ambiguous and difficult. The reason is simple, because the Japanese simply can't make a decent grand strategy. On the one hand, the Japanese army lacks the strength to defeat the "Jiang Jun" in one fell swoop, on the other hand, it is unwilling to choose to concentrate its forces on the main battlefield. Therefore, it is not enough for a large-scale battle that can change the war situation. However, the Japanese army refused to give up any existing achievements. Therefore, after the Pacific War, I saw that from the northeast of China to the Philippines, the Japanese army's combat power was lined up and aimless. In all war zones, only small and medium-sized offensives can be launched. These offensives are not so much strategic as wasting Japanese troops to prove their "existence". The battle of Changde is a deformed child in this narrow strategic vision. After the beginning of the Pacific War, the Japanese army could not concentrate its forces to create a decisive situation, so it had to learn from similar small and medium-sized battles to show its existence. During the period of 1943, the Japanese army had launched two medium-sized campaigns in the sixth theater. They were the "jiangbei annihilation war" in February and the battle of western Hubei in May. The former eliminated Wang Jinzai, the deformed warlord of Shishou and Huarong, and was worthy of the name. The latter stole the chicken and wasted the rice, and was completely humiliated by Wu Qiwei's Jiang Fangjun. However, even after this defeat, the troops sent by China are still very interested in similar medium-sized battles.

Sara's three commanders, JiNing Gangcun, commander of North China Army, Dingding Xiacun, commander of East China 13 Army, and Yokoyama Yong, commander of Central China1KLOC-0/Army, all sneered at the strategic planning of China Army. JiNing, a veteran of Hong Kong Village, in particular, bluntly said that the Nanjing General Command of China's sending troops was a low-energy and short-sighted command organization, which could only cope with daily affairs and solve some tactical problems, but could not find a solution to the long-term stalemate between the Chinese and Japanese armies, which led to the long-term futility of the Japanese army in China. However, JiNing Okamura thought that Sara and his headquarters were "average in ability", so he didn't even bother to give his advice. (In fact, JiNing, a village official, has no great strategic plan. He believes that the Japanese army should launch a strategic attack against the three provinces of Guizhou, Sichuan and Shaanxi, that is, the rear area of the Chongqing army, "to repel the Kuomintang army controlled by Huangpu students and with strong national concepts." 1944 summertime recruiting Japanese troops is undoubtedly an idiotic dream.

Under this strange strategic thinking, the Tokyo base camp quickly approved the operational concept of sending troops. After the deployment of troops was approved, all available mobile forces in Central China were organized, including the main divisions of the 3rd, 13, 39, 68, 1 16, and the 58th, 40th and 60th divisions supported by the joint forces were deployed to the main strategic units in Central China, which was also the only strategic unit of the Japanese army in China. The commander is general Xue Yue's underdog Yokoyama Yong. 1 1 The army has been repeatedly defeated since its first battle in Changsha. Two battles in Changsha, several panic attacks, the battle in Shanggao was eaten by Luo, and the battle in Zhejiang and Jiangxi braved the heavy rain and circled half a circle on the road in Zhejiang and Jiangxi. After the battle, I don't know where the strategic goal is. At the beginning of the war in western Hubei, it went well, but when we stopped at Shipai fortress, we saw that China's army would be surrounded by mountains, so we turned around and ran, killing nearly 20,000 people. Even the company commander, General Yuetian, was not spared. 1942, 12 In June, Yuetian's plane was shot down by the air defense company in Taihu County 173, and was killed on the spot, which became an interesting lace in the brilliant achievements of the Japanese invaders. This large regiment in the battlefield in Central China has become the most embarrassing one in the whole Japanese army. This time, the Japanese army also wanted to avenge the humiliation in Central China. The number of troops assembled by the Western Army No.6 is about eight and a half divisions, 14. Fifty thousand people. The forces directly used for attack (including coordinated attack forces) almost reach the sum of all the forces that can be mobilized, nearly100000 people. This does not include the puppet troops used for assistance. In addition, the Army Air Force provided more than 130 military aircraft of various types to the 3rd Flight Division, and generally mastered the air superiority in the battle.

After receiving this hot potato, Yokoyama summed up the lessons of previous battles and decided to change the Japanese style of relying on a single front to push forward and attack. Because this kind of play was always banned by the national army at the beginning of the war by seeing through the main positions and overall strategic objectives of the Japanese army. Yokoyama Yong decided to take extensive and active multi-channel promotion, make more breakthroughs and echo each other. The four divisions belonging to 1 1 Army went hand in hand in the left-wing lakeside area, with the intention of breaking up the first-line corps on the lakeside (the Japanese army specifically mentioned the 44th Army in its war history, and was quite disgusted by its attack in the battle of western Hubei). 1 16 division is a sending army, which broke through the right-wing Dongting Lake area and then joined forces with the northern army that turned left together. Achieve the purpose of consuming the strength of the national army. Then before the encirclement of the national army is formed, the whole army will retreat together. Yokoyama brave soldiers are divided into five roads. Except that 1 16 division is scheduled to March by water, it has not been strengthened. The other four divisions that fought on land were all adjusted, and all available field troops around Wuhan were transferred to reinforce. So these four divisions are more powerful than a single division. The 39th Division is expected to break through the 10 Army, which is more important in the battle. Therefore, most of the 58th divisions (with 138 wing as the main force and a brigade headquarters under its jurisdiction) were deployed, and the strength was close to two divisions. 13 division is strengthened by 34th division 2 16 wing, and 3rd division is strengthened by 60th division. These additional troops are expected to be used for occupation. The 68th Division was reinforced by the 234th Wing of the 40th Division.

In all fairness, Yokoyama Yong's plan puts forward countermeasures against the weaknesses of the national army's consistent strategy, which can be described as superior and much better than his predecessor Ananwiki. This is because sending troops still hurts the war in western Hubei, and Yin Jian is not far away. However, due to the vague strategic objectives indicated by the base camp, the Japanese army's strategic objectives were chaotic and the dispute was fierce, which almost caused the 1 1 army to be surrounded. The confusion of strategic objectives has always been the fatal point of the troops invading China. Even though it enjoys overwhelming tactical advantages, the Japanese army can defeat the big with small ones because of the incompetence of strategic guidance. The battle of Changde is a typical example.

At this time, the first specific plan of the Japanese army is as follows:

The 68th Division marched along Nanxian and Anxiang to Sanxian Lake and Hanshou, ending in the south of Changde.

13 division crossed the river in Xinjiangkou, and went from Nuanshui Street, Cili and Huangshi City to the right of Changde.

Division 3 attacked Shimen and Taoyuan obliquely from Gongan and Wangjiachang until the west side of Changde.

The 39th Division crossed the river from Xinjiangkou, keeping pace with the 13 Division.

1 16 division set out directly from Lixian and Linli to Changde, which was the main force to attack Changde.

After arriving in Changde, the Fourth Division of the Left Wing attacked Changde with 1 16 Division, which is expected to hit the main force of the national army hard.

Since September, the sixth war zone has observed the enemy's situation and determined that the Japanese army is trying to invade on a large scale. The theater defense plan was made in 10. The policy is as follows:

The purpose of the war zone is to support the capital, with emphasis on Shipai and He Miao Fortress. First, according to the fortifications of the deep positions of the first-line corps, attack the enemy one after another, and finally stick to Changde, Shimen, Yuyangguan, Qiu Zi, Shipai, He Miao, Xingshan, Xiemahe and Nanzhang. Then the second-line corps maneuvered to cooperate with the first-line corps to divert the offensive and destroy the attacking enemy.

Chiang Kai-shek always likes to direct himself. 1943 at the height of the battle in western Hubei in May, Chiang Kai-shek almost went to the front line to control the frontline troops. Only after the then commander of the theater, General Chen Cheng, earnestly persuaded him, did he give up the idea. During the battle of Changde, Chiang Kai-shek happened to be in Cairo to attend the Big Three Summit, so the senior leadership system at this time was slightly special. General Sun Lianzhong, the acting commander of the theater, has full command and no restraint. General Chen Cheng, who has been personally in charge of the situation in the Sixth Theater, is also busy with the training and consolidation of the expeditionary force in Yunnan, and has no time to look north. The weirdest thing is the military commission. When General Chiang Kai-shek went abroad, the CMC actually ordered the frontline troops not to move. Moreover, internal opinions are divided, leading to a mess of strategic guidance. [Note 4] This will be introduced in detail later.

[Note 4]

In wartime, the CMC did not have a complete general staff. The original business of the General Staff was scattered between the Military Command (renamed the General Staff before the Anti-Japanese War) and the chairman's duty room, and even the Military Commission had a bare chief of staff and a deputy chief of staff. This led to the fact that all strategic decisions in wartime were personally participated by the generalissimo. Once the generalissimo goes abroad, he can't be the commander-in-chief himself, and the highest strategic guidance means that no one is qualified to be a full-fledged agent. Nominally, the chief of staff is General He, but General He is also a military and political department, and the real business of the chief of staff is handled by the military and political departments. But military orders

General Xu Yongchang, Minister of the Ministry, is only a member of the Military Commission in name, and he cannot be arbitrary and give orders. One of the two officials has the right to the former and the other has the right to the latter, and the command system is chaotic. Therefore, although the orders of the military commission are famous for being the commander-in-chief, the actual decisions are various. Even during the Battle of Shimen, Liu Pei, the second commander of the Lieutenant General's Military Command, even forgot this name. Don't rush to send a telegram to order the defenders to retreat, making a big mistake. General Bai Chongxi, the deputy chief of staff who played a similar role in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, was too busy to attend to both because he was also the director of the Guilin camp. At this time, the deputy chief of staff of the General Office of the Central Committee is Admiral Cheng Qian, who is regarded as mediocre and useless. The extreme backwardness of the military commission organization has its specific time and space background, so it is impossible to criticize it, but it is still interesting to study the development of the organization.

The sixth war zone is entrusted by the palace guards as the capital, so the strategic deployment is naturally based on defending the main roads into Sichuan. The strategic planning based on this naturally tends to deploy elite troops to the west of Shimen, and take Shimen and Changde as the secondary positions of the right wing in the theater. At that time, the Sixth Theater was convinced that the main purpose of the Japanese attack was to directly take 80,000 fortresses. Even if there is action here in Changde, it is only a coordinated attack or a feint. In the Battle of Western Hubei in May, the Japanese army first hit the 73 rd Army in Shishou and Shashi, which almost made the Military Commission misjudge the key points of the Japanese attack. But in the end, the Japanese army turned and ran into the defensive position.

Therefore, on the eve of the battle of Changde, the sixth war zone was heavily stationed on Sichuan Avenue, but the defense against the hinterland of western Hunan was relatively weak.

According to the war history of the national army and the theater defense plan issued on the eve of the battle of Changde, five possible attack modes of the Japanese army and the operational implementation plan of the national army are listed. Two of them accurately predicted the Japanese attack route in Changde Battle. Generally speaking, the process of Changde battle can not get rid of the tone of judgment on the war zone before the war. Excerpted from the following:

(1) When the enemy attacked me from Shishou and Ouchikou with the strength of a mountain, trying to occupy Nanxian, Anxiang and Gongan, 29 army and 10 army searched for the enemy's flank and defeated it according to the resistance of the frontline defenders and the timely increase of control power.

When the enemy attacked our public security from Yidu, near the river crossing, oppressed our 10 army in the west of Nuanshui Street and niejiahe, turned to the defensive, and then turned to Lixian, Shimen and Changde to attack:

10 Army should focus on Baoshui Street, Wangjiafan and niejiahe, focusing on the area near Yuyangguan. Once the enemy turns to Lixian and Shimen to attack, we must find the enemy's back to attack.

(2) The 29th Army held fast to Jinshi, Lixian and Shimen, and retained the participation of the Mobile Corps of Nanxian, Anxiang, Yichang and Taoyuan as far as possible to annihilate the enemy in Lixian and Shimen. According to the situation, take Shimen as the axis and shift the main force to the west of Shimen. When the enemy arrives near Changde, cooperate with Changde defenders to crush the enemy near Changde.

As far as this battle plan is concerned, the prediction of the Japanese movement in the Sixth Theater is accurate, but compared with the actual situation of Changde Battle, it seems to underestimate the scale of the Japanese attack. The war zone seems to think that the Japanese army is unlikely to launch a full-scale general attack on Xiangxi, and the scale was as much as 20 thousand when Wang Jinzai was attacked. Therefore, in the distribution of troops, eleven divisions (half of which are the second-class troops in the national army) under the jurisdiction of Wang Jingjiu and Wang Zuxu, the two chief commanders of the line, are required to retreat to the enemy. However, if the Japanese army takes 80,000 roads as the main attack object, it will be immediately attacked by 14 elite divisions of the Central Army, and the 33rd Army on the left and the 10 Army on the right will be attacked on both sides as planned. In the first place, the Japanese army will have to face 30 divisions in the narrow hinterland.

1943 10, in view of the frequent actions of the Japanese front, the Sixth Theater and the Military Commission thought that a large-scale Japanese attack was imminent, and the Military Commission ordered the 4th Brigade of the Air Force to investigate the Japanese front in Huarong and Shishou, and the situation was tense. At the same time, the Japanese army has assembled, and five divisions, including the 1 16 division listed as the general reserve, are deployed along the north bank of the Yangtze River, ready to cross the river for attack.

War broke out.

1 943165438+1October1day, the five Japanese divisions and regiments were divided into three roads and attacked on all fronts as planned. The 39th Division (commander Narita Shiro) and 13 Division (Inoue Shinwei) are left-wing, with 10 Army as the main force, and the 68th Division (Sasuke Fashi as the male) as the middle, ready to cross the boundary between the two army groups and attack Cili; The 3rd Division (Yamamoto Satsuma) crossed the river in front of 29 army, hoping to capture Wang Zuxu's main force alive. The Japanese "Raiders" 1 16 Division (Yan), which mainly attacked Changde, crossed Dongting Lake by water, landed in Lixian County, the right wing of 29 army, and captured Changde all the way while copying the 44th Army. This arrangement of the Japanese army has its profound meaning. The Sixth Regiment of the Western Army has assembled nearly100000 troops, which can be used by the whole Central China. In addition to five divisions, it also administers the Independent 17 Brigade, 34th Division, 32nd Division and 58th Division, and arranges the 40th Division to attack and contain the 9th Theater. The scale far exceeds the expectations of the national army and has an absolute advantage in terms of strength. Therefore, in terms of planning, 1 1 Army hopes to annihilate the two group armies of the first-line corps of the National Army in one fell swoop and exploit a loophole with the two main divisions who are good at siege. The 68th Division cut in from the middle road, and 1 16 Division "maneuvered on the water" on Dongting Lake by boat, sending the whole division to the right rear of the national army position. As long as one of these two divisions can capture Changde in the melee of the first-line corps of the national army, the front-line national army will fall into chaos. You can win by outflanking before and after.

[Note 5]

The Japanese army's "water maneuver" is very famous, with large transportation energy and mature technology. It is not a problem to arrange such short-distance water transportation as 1 16 division. During the Battle of Wuhan, the Japanese army had a Potian detachment, which used a large number of motorboats and small boats to fight against the flank of the national army in the lakes and marshes of the Yangtze River basin, and achieved remarkable results. The national army learned from this lesson and laid a large number of mines on various river banks. But after all, this is a passive defense tactic, which cannot effectively contain the fierce flame of the Japanese army. The reasons are as follows: first, after the river bank became the first line to meet the enemy, the defensive front immediately expanded exponentially, and there was no way to deploy troops; Secondly, there is not enough artillery to implement shore defense.

1 65438+1October1day, the 98th division of the first-line outpost of the south bank of the Yangtze River 10 army was the first to bear the brunt, and the situation was fierce. The frontal enemy was identified as a part of the 3rd, 13, 39th, 68th and Independent 17 Brigade. The number specified was far beyond the expectation of the CMC and the Sixth Theater. 165438+1October 2nd, 194 division joined forces with 13 division on its way to Nuanshui Street. 165438+1On October 3, the position of Nanxian County of the 44th Army was also hit by the main force of 1 16 Division. The 44th Army resisted along the river bank, and the Japanese army formed a powerful fire net to cover the crossing, and both the162nd Division and the150th Division were repelled. The enemy 40th Division (joint attack) cleared the way for the 68th Division, which attacked Sanxiankou via Nanxian County, and the 68th Division circuitously attacked Anxiang, and the 44th Army retreated voluntarily. This line belongs to the territory of the ninth war zone. Commander Xue Yue ordered the 92nd Division to delay the defense, and the Ninth Theater was gearing up for the battle. Finally, the 39th Division crossed the river and went directly west to Yuyangguan. 185 division rose to meet the enemy, and the situation was fierce.