Hibiscus
Hibiscus is also known as Hibiscus, Begonia palmatum, Bowl Flower, Hedgehog Flower, Qingming Hedgehog Flower, Rice Flower, Chicken Flower, Lard Flower, Early Bloom and Late Fall, Zhu, Shun Flower, Chao Jun, Tilia amurensis, Riji, Hedgehog Grass and Hibiscus.
Malvaceae, Hibiscus
Distribution of origin Hibiscus is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Hibiscus species originated from the African continent, and there are many species of Hibiscus in Africa, showing rich genetic diversity. In addition, the wild type of this species has also been found in Southeast Asia, South America, Australia and Central America. China is also one of the birthplaces of some hibiscus varieties. At present, worldwide, the research and cultivation of Hibiscus plants are mostly concentrated in Hawaii, New South Wales, Queensland, Malaysia, South Korea and other places, mainly for ornamental cultivation. The most widely used species are rose, hibiscus, hibiscus and their varieties and hybrids. Among them, Fusang is the national flower of Malaysia and Fiji. 1950 The Hibiscus Association was established in the United States, collecting hibiscus varieties from all over the world extensively, taking the lead in breeding hibiscus hibiscus and hibiscus varieties, and new varieties were introduced every year. Among more than 200 varieties of hibiscus, more than 100 are Korean native varieties. 1990, South Korea named the single-petal red heart series as the national flower of Korea.
Flower language is tough, eternal, beautiful and gentle.
Morphological characteristics of deciduous shrubs or small trees of double hibiscus; 2 meters to 3 meters high, much branched; Leaves triangular or rhomboid-ovate, sometimes 3-lobed above middle. The flowers are large, with a single leaf axillary, 5 ~ 8 cm in diameter, single or double petals, white, pink, purple and other colors, and sometimes the petals are red or purple at the base; Flowering from June to September, with many flowers. Although each flower only blooms for one day, a lot of flowers bloom every day, which is very beautiful. It is often used as a hedge, a single plant, a row plant or as a background for other shrubs in the garden. When the flowers bloom, the tree flowers are charming and dazzling, very spectacular and beautiful.
Growth habit
Its nature likes cool, humid and sunny climate conditions, likes fertile neutral to slightly acidic soil, and is more resistant to drought, barren, semi-cloudy, waterlogging and cold, and its growth temperature is 15 ~ 28℃.
type
Hibiscus can be propagated by sowing, cutting and grafting. Cutting in April can be combined with pruning and shaping. Cuttings are thick wooden branches with a length of 10 ~ 12cm. They are harvested in the open air in red soil or sandy soil and watered once a month in the morning, which is very easy to survive.
Single-petal hibiscus cultivation
Hibiscus has strong adaptability, easy growth and easy cultivation and management. From February 65438 to March of the following year, in the dry season in southern China, hibiscus entered a semi-dormant state, and the management was mainly to water and protect seedlings; From April to June, 5438+ 10 will enter the high temperature and rainy season. In April, the plants can be shortened, the management of fertilizer and water can be strengthened, the development of new shoots can be promoted, and the flowers can flourish.
plant diseases and insect pests
The main pests and diseases of hibiscus are: yellow thorn moth, caterpillar, aphid, fly, round shield scale and soot disease. [Edit this paragraph] 2: The scientific name of Chinese medicine Hibiscus is Flohibisci.
It is also called plum blossom, which blooms at dawn and sets at dusk, gall flower, hedge flower and Laba flower. Bai Yuhua, hedge flower, lard flower, bowl flower, erigeron breviscapus, rice flower fragrance, white flour flower, straight flower, mushroom flower, linden flower, linden flower, tree planting flower, flat tree flower, white peony flower, Qingming hedge flower, osmanthus fragrans, cauliflower, hedge tree flower, lacquer tree flower and white tree flower.
Trade name hibiscus, hibiscus. The flower is large, complete, dry, white and free of impurities.
The prescription name is hibiscus, hibiscus and fresh hibiscus.
The English name of other standards is Shrubalthea Flower.
The original deciduous shrub is 3 ~ 4m high. The stems are much branched, and the young branches are densely covered with yellow stellate hairs and fine hairs. Leaves alternate, ovate or rhomboid-ovate, 4 ~ 7 cm long and 2 ~ 4 ~ 7 cm wide, undivided or 3-lobed above the middle, cuneate at the base and blunt at the edge. The flower is large, single axillary, 5 ~ 6 cm in diameter and 4 ~ 14 mm in stem length; Bracteoles 6 ~ 7, linear, with stellate hairs; Calyx bell-shaped, 5-lobed, with stellate hairs and pubescence; Petals are white, red, lavender and so on. , often doubled; Stamens and stigmas do not protrude from corolla. The capsule is rectangular, about 2 cm long, with a short beak at the top and dense stellate hair. The seeds are brown. Flowering period is July ~ 10, and fruiting period is September ~ 10.
Pick the blooming flowers in early summer and autumn and dry them.
Beautiful hibiscus flowers are irregular in shape, with a length of1.5 ~ 3cm, a width of1~1.5 ~ 3cm, a obtuse base, short stalks and round bracts. Calyx gray-green, lobes curled or rolled back; Pedicels, bracts and calyx have fine hairs outside; 10 petals, wrinkled, yellowish or purple-blue, obovate, densely white villous at the base; Stamens combine to form pistil, and most anthers are purple-black. A slight breath, a faint taste.
Chemical components include saponin, inositol and mucus.
The taste is cold, bitter, sweet and flat.
Function: clearing away heat and cooling blood, detoxifying and reducing swelling. Used for dysentery, diarrhea, hemorrhoid bleeding and leucorrhea; External use for treating sores, furuncles, carbuncles and burns.
Usage and dosage: 2 ~ 4 yuan; Apply appropriate amount externally, grind sesame oil and rub it on the affected area.
Excerpted from the National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine
Various exhibitions
1. Rihuazi Materia Medica: Treating intestinal wind diarrhea, red and white dysentery, baking medicine; Treat wind with soup instead of tea.
2. "Compendium of Materia Medica": eliminating sores and swelling, facilitating urination and removing damp heat.
3. "Materia Medica": It can remove all kinds of heat, smooth and benefit, guide accumulation and stagnation, treat red and white dysentery well, dry irrationally, fall hard to understand, and pound juice to make white wine warm to drink.
4. Ben Feng Jingyuan: Red people treat intestinal wind and blood dysentery, while white people treat leucorrhea and white dysentery.
5. "Anhui Medicinal Materials": Treating skin diseases.
6. "Jiangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine": White flowers and sagebrush are cooked together to stop nosebleeds.
7. "Medical Forest Compendium": Hibiscus, white flowers, lung heat, cough and vomiting blood are suitable, and lung carbuncle is treated to make up for weak infiltration. Red and white flowers treat red and white dysentery respectively, the large intestine and lungs face the surface, and the small intestine and heart face the surface. Whenever dysentery breaks out, the two intestines are damp and hot, which is even worse. [Edit this paragraph] 3: Hibiscus Hibiscus is an edible flower.
Hibiscus is a deciduous shrub or small tree belonging to Hibiscus of Malvaceae. There are white, water red, red, yellow and purple, which are scattered all over the world, facing the sunset and blooming in the breeze. Their brilliance and beauty are praised by poets of all ages.
Eating hibiscus was recorded as early as in the Book of Songs. People in Tingzhou, Fujian use hibiscus flowers, fine flour and chopped green onion to fry in the pan, which is crispy and delicious, commonly known as "flour flowers". Residents in Huizhou mountainous area cook tofu with hibiscus flowers, which tastes very delicious.
Hibiscus flowers are sweet and cool, which can clear away heat, promote diuresis, cool blood, detoxify and maintain beauty.
The hibiscus flower buds taste crisp. The blooming hibiscus flowers taste smooth.
The nutritional value of hibiscus is extremely high. Every100g edible part contains protein1.68g, fat 0.19g, total acid 0.38g, crude fiber1.4g, dry matter10.3g and reducing sugar 2./kloc-0. If it refers to pollen, it has higher nutritional value.
This paper introduces the commonly used dietotherapy methods of hibiscus for selection.