Pronunciation: (dā n) (cù) (gē ng) I hate death (wù)

Second, the keyword explanation

1, initial heart: sex, goodness "2, suffering: disaster, disaster 3, Jun: pass" avoidance "and avoid.

4, Wei: bamboo basket 5, kick: step on 6, get: pass on "virtue", pet, here is the meaning of "gratitude"

7, township: through the "direction", from the past 8, what family, benefits. 9. Evil: disgust.

10, debate: distinguish through "discrimination". 1 1, meaning justice or benevolence. 12, don't lose: don't lose, don't lose. Bereavement: loss

13, wanling: wanling's salary, which is described as high and thick. 14, saint: a moral person.

15, Goude: If you get it, this article means: "If you drag out an ignoble existence, it means that you only seek profit by hook or by crook.

Three. Translation of key sentences

1, not only a wise man has a heart, everyone has it, and a sage must not lose his body.

Not only moral people have this belief, but everyone has it. Only moral people can't lose it.

2, 10,000 minutes without a gift, 10,000 minutes has nothing to do with me.

What good will it do me if I accept a generous salary without asking if it is polite?

3, you can't have both, and those who give up their lives for righteousness are also.

If these two things can't be obtained at the same time, then I will give up my life and choose justice.

4, my hometown is not subject to physical death, but now it is for those who know poverty to get me.

Before, I would rather die than accept it. Today, I accept it for the poor people I know who appreciate themselves.

People want more than life, why not use people who can live?

If there is nothing more precious than life that people pursue, then what means can be used to avoid disaster can't be used?

Fourth, think about the problem

1, this article is from Mencius? Gao Zi Shang, written by Mencius, was a thinker and educator of Lu School in the Warring States Period and a representative of Confucianism. I have also studied his articles, such as "Getting more help from the Tao", "Losing the Tao without helping others" and "Born in worry and dying in happiness" (four books: Mencius, The Analects of Confucius, University and The Doctrine of the Mean).

2. Summarize the meaning of the paragraph: The first paragraph: It is human nature to sacrifice one's life for righteousness.

The second paragraph: it is an act of losing nature to see profit and forget righteousness. (The first level (sentence 1-2) illustrates the existence of meaning from the front. On the second level, for example, on the other hand, accepting 10 thousand minutes is a loss of humanity. )

3. Comprehension and Recitation: (1) What is the central point of this article?

The original answer: life is what I want; Righteousness is what I want, and I can't have both. Those who give up their lives for righteousness are also.

(2) The sentences that can sum up the general idea of the whole article are: life has nothing to ask for, and righteousness also has what I want; You can't have both, and you have to sacrifice your life for righteousness. At the beginning, the metaphor of "fish" and "bear's paw" is used to answer this question skillfully. Please write the original sentence: fish, what I want, bear's paw, what I want; You can't have your cake and eat it. You can't have your cake and eat it.

(3) Idioms appearing in "I Want Fish" are: sacrifice one's life for righteousness, and eat the old; From this, we can think of three sentences that Mencius once said, which are related to this view: wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent.

(4) A sentence that embodies the idea of "nature is good" in Fish I Want is: those who are not independent of sages have their hearts, everyone has them, and sages should not lose their ears.

(5) Mencius believes that people who can give their lives for righteousness are; More than the living, more than the dead.

(6) Mencius believed that the act of losing one's sincerity was to accept it for ten thousand minutes without arguing about propriety (for the beauty of the palace; Be served by wives and concubines; I did this to get to know my poor people.

(7) In Mencius' view, under what circumstances would he stand up even in the face of disaster? More evil than the dead, so there is no monarch. )

(8) It is indisputable that etiquette accepts 10,000 points: (For the beauty of ladies-in-waiting, the battle of wives and concubines, do you know that the poor have me? )

(9) The sentence that matches the meaning of "food from nowhere" in the text is: Hoor and it, blessed are the people on the street; Begging for help is too much.

4 Thinking, (1) What is more precious than life in this article refers to morality, and what is more terrible than death refers to the loss of morality.

(2) What is human nature? Give one's life for a just cause

(3) What argumentation methods are used in this paper? Give examples.

Metaphor argument, contrast argument, example argument, reason argument.

(4) At the beginning of the article, we don't directly get to the point, but start with what people may encounter in their lives. What are the advantages of this writing?

Increased the visibility of the issues to be discussed, paving the way for the next discussion.

(5) Contrast is used many times in this paper. Please give an example.

Fish and bear's paw hold life and death, compared with today, etc.

(6) Write "fish" and "bear's paw". "Can't you have both?" What is the intention of taking "bear's paw"? It is intended to show that you often encounter things that need to be chosen in your life. When you can't have both, people will choose something with higher value, and use this thing as a metaphor for the truth of "giving up one's life for righteousness".

5, contact, this article is widely agreed by future generations, please find this article and write two poems that match it.

Viewpoint: Giving up one's life for righteousness: (1) Taking righteousness into benevolence Today, free flowers are planted all over the world. (2) No one has died in life since ancient times, leaving a heart that shines through history.

6. apply. (1) In this paper, Mencius expressed his life pursuit (choice) by "giving up his life for righteousness". The poem that reflects this pursuit in Wen Tianxiang's Crossing the Zero Ocean is: "No one has died since ancient times, so we should open our hearts and shine on our history." Please write down the people who made the right life choices in history. For example, Yue Fei was loyal to his country, Wen Tianxiang chose loyalty and chastity, and Bruno chose firm faith.

(2) Is there any contradiction between the "righteousness" emphasized in this paper and the "profit" under the market economy, which will lead to some enlightenment? Please say it briefly.

There is no contradiction. In the market economy, we should also stress honesty and morality, and we should not do anything that violates the law and discipline.

(3) In real life, many people use their youthful blood and precious lives to write songs of "sacrifice their lives for righteousness". Please outline an example like this: For example, Li Xiangqun, a hero fighting floods, died fighting floods to the death in order to protect one side's life and property. On their deathbeds, Liu Hulan and Zhu Ziqing refused to eat American relief food.

(4) List and briefly summarize the examples of those who follow the principle of "sacrificing their lives for justice". For example, at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Wen Tianxiang organized forces to be loyal and opposed to invading foreign countries. After his arrest failed, he did not waver in the face of threats and inducements from the Yuan Dynasty. He died and was finally killed. This noble spirit of national integrity and righteousness is always worth learning by future generations.

(5) This paper mainly expounds the truth of "giving up one's life for righteousness". As a middle school student in 2 1 century, how to understand the word "righteousness"? Be brave, devote yourself to the just cause and do something beneficial to the country and the people. The friendship of friends in society is the friendship of rivers and lakes related to the personal interests of small groups, which is different from the meaning in this paper. )

(6) What kind of people are praised by the author in the article: people who sacrifice their lives for righteousness (eternal spirit), and what kind of people are criticized: people who forget their interests (no life value)

Three Gorges (Li Daoyuan, a famous geographer and essayist in Northern Wei Dynasty)

1, Common Sense of Literature: Author: Li Daoyuan, a famous geographer and essayist in the Northern Wei Dynasty. The article "Three Gorges" comes from Notes on Water Classics, which is a geography book describing ancient waterways in China.

2. notional words: from: from. The valley echoed: the echo was fragrant: it overflowed. Wash, this means wash.

Down: Down the river. Back: Upstream. Royal: Drive. Dedication: the mountain peak.

Good: It's true, it's true. Sue: Silence. Genus: continuous. Introduction: Extension.

Absolutely: disappear. Element; Bai Dan; Good morning. Shu, this is the meaning of rushing.

Zhang: Mountain image barrier. Chao: Good morning. Rong Qing junmao

Xiyue: Sunshine, moon. Sunrise, morning sunshine, here refers to sunshine. .

3, special usage: Ben: running horse. Turbulence: fast-moving water. Three times: several times. Third, this is not an exact figure.

4. Difference: Genus: Genus leads to strange (persistent) extinction: long-term extinction (disappearance). Since the Three Gorges ... (from)

The genus (category) of mulberry in Meitang, fertile land is absolutely dedicated (mountain peak): extremely self-defeating ... (if)

It belongs to the composition to be recorded (fee). Stop: break through

5. Common word: que; The same as "lack", interrupt.

6, key sentence translation: since it is not midnight pavilion, you can't see the sunrise and bright moon. As for launching Xiangling, I can't stop it along my back, although I don't want to get sick by the wind.

Green pond, clear reflection: white rapids, rotating clear waves, green deep water, reflecting the reflection (of rocks and trees)

There are often tall apes whistling, which leads to sadness.

7. Comprehensive recitation:

1) Write a sentence that the mountains are continuous (long): Since the Three Gorges is 700 miles, the two banks are connected by mountains, and there is no gap.

2) Write a sentence with high mountains: the mountains overlap and the sky is hidden. Seen from the side, the peak is steep and quiet: because the pavilion is at midnight, I can't see the rising moon.

3) Write down the sentence of launching: (1) Write down the sentence of dangerous water potential: launching Xiangling is blocked along the back.

(2) Write a flowing sentence: Sometimes, I will send a white emperor to Jiangling at dusk.

4) Write a sentence about the characteristics of the Three Gorges water in spring and summer: the green pool is surging and the reflection is clear.

5) The saying that sets off the desolation of the Three Gorges autumn scenery is: the empty valley echoes and the sorrow turns for a long time.

6) Comparing the quietness of the Three Gorges in late autumn with fishing songs, it is that the Wuxia Gorge in the Three Gorges in Badong is long, and the apes sing three times. "(Quote the function of fishing songs: further highlight the characteristics of the high water level of the Three Gorges Mountain, and at the same time render the cold and desolate atmosphere of the Three Gorges in autumn)

7. structure Structure: The article first goes all the way to the landform of the Three Gorges (the first paragraph), and then to the magnificent scenery of the four seasons of the Three Gorges (the second paragraph).

8. How does the article express the author's thoughts and feelings? It shows the author's love for the landscape of the motherland.

9. Application: (1) In June 2003, people all over the world witnessed the magnificent scene of the Three Gorges Reservoir 3 15. Li Daoyuan described the former fisherman as saying: "The Three Gorges in Badong are long, and the apes cry three times and burst into tears." The bleak scene of the Three Gorges in autumn is gone forever.

(2) Li Bai's "Thousands of miles of Jiangling, one day." In this poem, you think of the same sentence in the Three Gorges: Be a white emperor in the morning and arrive in Jiangling at dusk.

10, Discussion: (1) Why does the article write summer first and then spring, winter and autumn, and why is spring and winter written together?

(2) The first paragraph of the article is about mountains, and the second paragraph is about water. What is the purpose of this arrangement? The characteristics of writing mountains set conditions for writing water or pave the way for the following. There is a big gap between mountains and high water levels, and the water flow speed is naturally fast. )

1 1, enjoy:

(1) What do you like about this article? Tell me why you like it. Such as; Accurate and interesting words; Express a happy mood or quote a fishing song as a foil.

(2) The language of this article is exquisite and refined, and the language is pretty and appropriate. Choose a little analysis.

(For example, describing the quietness of the Three Gorges in late autumn shows how sad people are. For example, when describing the Three Gorges in spring and summer, the word "Su" is used to modify the word "Turbulent" because there are rapids and dangerous beaches and splashing snow waves, and the word "Tan" is used to modify the word "Green" because the water in the pool is clear and quiet.

Flying gargle in the meantime. The word "fly". A: As soon as the image of "flying" is written, the waterfall falls from the sky and falls into a deep valley. )

Night tour of Chengtian Temple

1. Author: Su Shi, a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, one of the eight great writers in Tang and Song Dynasties. I have studied his articles, including Water Tune? When will there be a bright moon? "Jiang Chengzi Mizhou Hunting"

Second, explain the words added in the sentence: read: consider, think of sleep: sleep but: just use: * * together.

Idle people: Idle people are empty and bright: describe the clarity and transparency of water. C: The window.

In the water (moonlight), algae and weeds (aquatic plants, here refers to the shadow of bamboo and cypress) intersect.

Third, translate the following sentences into modern Chinese.

1, Huaimin didn't sleep and walked in the atrium: Zhang Huaimin didn't sleep either, and we walked in the yard together.

2. Under the court, the water is clear, the algae are interlaced, and the bamboo and cypress are covered.

The moonlight is as clear and transparent as stagnant water in the yard, and the shadows of cypress trees in bamboo forests are like algae and aquatic plants staggered in the water.

3. Why is there no moon at night? Where is there no bamboo and cypress? But few idle people are like me.

Which night is there no moon? Where is there no bamboo and cypress? It's just that there are few "idle people" like the two of us!

fill (up) a vacancy

1. The full text takes "moonlight" as the clue and the author's whereabouts as the clue, and depicts a moonlight picture of a summer night with poetic brushstrokes, creating a cool and magnificent artistic conception and expressing the author's broad-minded mood.

2. The sentence describing the beauty of moonlight in the article is: the courtyard is empty like water, there are algae in the water, and bamboo and cypress are shaded.

3. What is the author's subtle and complicated emotional statement? Where is there no moon, no bamboo and cypress? But few idle people are like me. (main statement)

4. Summarize the author's complex feelings in concise language. (Broad-minded) (1) Retreat to desolation. (2) Life perception. (3) the joy of enjoying the moon; (4) Take a leisurely walk.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) structure: What expressions are used in this article? Please divide them into different levels according to different expressions and write the general idea of each level.

Narrative describes the discussion.

First floor: (1-3 sentences) Enter the house in the moonlight, set off happily and stroll the courtyard. (Expressed as narration, explain clearly the time, place, companions and reasons for traveling)

Second floor: (4 sentences) Enjoy the moon and the scenery. (write about the scenery and describe the beautiful scenery in the moonlit court)

The third floor: (the last three sentences) Asking questions on a moonlit night is a metaphor for idle people. Moonlight is still moonlight, just like the water in the court. Talk about it and point out the author's broad-minded and optimistic mind.

6. Think about 1. How do you understand the meaning of "idle people" in the text? The sadness of relegation, the feeling of life, the joy of enjoying the moon, the leisure of walking, and all kinds of subtle and complicated feelings are all in it. (or express the author's complex mood of trying to be relaxed and happy despite being relegated. There are both self-satisfaction caused by admiring and chanting the moon and depression caused by the situation of "idle people". )

2. What thoughts and feelings does the article express? An optimistic attitude with an open mind.

The reason why I went to Chengtian Temple is that there is no joy in the moonlight.

5. Appreciation: "The courtyard is as empty as water, with algae in the water and bamboo shadows." What are the characteristics of the moonlight and the reflection of bamboo and cypress in this section? What a wonderful state?

This sentence uses metaphor to write the clarity and transparency of moonlight, giving people an ethereal, clear, swaying shadow and a truly wonderful realm. )

A book (reading class) with Zhu (Wu Yun, a writer in the Southern Dynasties)

1, by Wu Jun, a writer in Southern Dynasties. Problem solving: "harmony": giving. "Book": letter. The title of this letter is addressed to Zhu. The letter describes what you saw and heard during your trip, only a few hundred words. It vividly depicts the scenery of Fuchun River from Fuyang to Tonglu, which makes people feel relaxed and happy, such as being in a strange mountain and water. It is a wonderful work describing the landscape in the parallel prose of the Six Dynasties.

2. Explain the key words. ① Wind smoke: refers to smoke.

② * * * Color: same color. 3 All: All. ④ Xu: Attached with numerals, indicating approximate figures, which are equivalent to "scene" and "left and right".

⑤ Unique: unique; Absolutely, to the extreme.

⑥ Follow the current: Take a boat and follow the current. This sentence is the author's account of his behavior, omitting the subject.

(7) Rapids: Rapids of water (8) Cold trees: trees that make people feel cold.

(9) Struggle against the negative potential: rely on the (high-spirited) situation and strive for progress. This sentence means "high mountain", not "cold tree".

(10): Xuan, Gao; Miao, it's far away. These two words are used as verbs here, meaning that these mountains seem to be competing to reach high and far.

(1 1) Lingling: Describe the clarity of underwater sound. (12) Xiangming: mutual harmony (13)⑥ days: reaching the sky; Crime, to

(14) Rest: Calm the heart keen on fame and fortune. (15) Economy: planning and management.

(16) Forgetting the inverse: lingering; "Reverse" and "Return" (17)⑩ are covered with horizontal branches. Go, go, (18) Jude: It seems, like. (19) Cross reflection: mutual occlusion.

(20) See: same as "presenting", appearing and revealing. (2 1) Light blue: blue and white.

3. Center: A Letter with Zhu describes what the author saw and heard on the way from Fuyang to Tonglu by boat, which is vivid and gives people a sense of personal experience. At the same time, it also shows his life interest of indulging in mountains and rivers.

4. Structure: The first paragraph is the general introduction of the article, which roughly describes the strange mountains and strange waters along the way from Fuyang to Tonglu.

The second paragraph depicts the different waters of Fuchun River from both static and dynamic aspects with concise and vivid brushstrokes. The color, clarity, depth and urgency of water all highlight the characteristics of "difference":

The third paragraph describes the strange mountains along the Fuchun River, expressing the author's lofty interest in loving nature and retiring from the world.

The full text is divided into three natural paragraphs. The first natural paragraph always writes about the wonderful scenery of Fuchun River. The following is the "strange mountains and strange waters" in the first natural paragraph; In the second paragraph, I write about the strange water, which vividly shows Fuchun River's "strange water" (the characteristics of clear and urgent water) by metaphor and exaggeration. In the third paragraph, I wrote "Strange Mountain" (closely related to the characteristics of high mountains, many trees and beautiful scenery): The author wrote it from the perspective of visual and auditory feelings, which cast a layer of elegant color on the landscape.

5. Talk about the author's interests and feelings in combination with the sentences in the article. (4 points)

(1) expresses the author's desire for freedom from the sentence "drifting from a stream, anything will do";

(2) judging from the "spring water", it is ringing; Good birds sing, they rhyme. Cicadas are endless, and apes are endless. The sentence shows the author's love for nature and praise for life.

(3) Fly from the kite to the sky, hoping to have a rest; Those who are in charge of the affairs of the world look at the valley and forget to rebel. " In the sentence, I show my love for mountains and rivers, contempt for fame and fortune, and disgust for officialdom. (key)

6. Understand and recite. Write sentences as required.

Write down the overall feeling of boarding the ship: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (The wind and smoke are clean, Tianshan Mountain * * *)

Write down the free mode of releasing boats on the river: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (Drifting from a stream, anything)

Generally speaking, I appreciate the scenery of Fuchun River: _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (Strange Mountain Strange Water chinese odyssey)

Write clear water of Fuchun River: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. The water is blue, and thousands of feet has bottomed out. Fish swims like a pebble, looking straight)

Write about the majestic river: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (rushing like an arrow, fierce waves rushing desperately)

Write auditory feelings: _ _ _ _ _ _ _. The spring stirs the stone and keeps ringing; Good birds sing, they rhyme. Cicadas are endless, and apes are endless (dual)

Write the sentence of "strange mountain": cold trees are born in high mountains near the coast. The negative potential is actually on it, which is very attractive to each other; Strive for higher heights, Qianfeng.

The phrase "the torrent is like an arrow, and the fierce waves rush desperately" in the article is about rapids. Does that sentence in the article "Three Gorges" have the same effect? Sometimes I go to Baidicheng in the morning and Jiangling in the evening, during which I travel two thousand miles, although I don't want to get sick by the wind.

7. Translation of key sentences.

(1) The wind and smoke are clean, and the color of Tianshan Mountain is * * *. -the smoke has completely dispersed, and the clear sky and green hills are the same color.

(2) How swift the arrow is if it flies in fierce wave. -the rising rapids are faster than arrows; Surging waves are like fast horses.

(3) Cold trees grow in coastal mountainous areas. The mountain near the river bank is covered with evergreen trees.

(4) On the day of flying kites, look at the peak and rest. Those who struggle for fame and fortune, seeing these majestic peaks, will calm their passion for fame and fortune.

(5) horizontal branches cover, still faint in the day. -the big branches on the horizon cover the sky, even if it is the same as dusk during the day.

6 those who are in charge of the affairs of the world look at the valley and forget it. People who manage social affairs will linger when they see these beautiful valleys.

⑦ During the day, there are still faint oblique trees covering the river, and it is as dark as dusk during the day.

8. Be grateful. The rapids are like arrows, and if fierce wave rushes, it is characterized by rapids and rapids. The author uses two metaphors here to vividly show the rapid development of fierce wave.

9. Center: "People flying in the sky look up to the peak; What kind of thoughts and feelings did the author express? Show love for mountains and rivers, contempt for fame and fortune, and disgust for officialdom. (Key points) (This article also shows the author's thoughts and feelings)

10, discussion. "Strange mountains and strange waters in chinese odyssey" is an overall evaluation of the mountains and rivers here. Try to analyze the "wonder" of the mountains here according to the author's description. A: It is strange that "the negative potential is actually rising, and they are attractive to each other; Strive for high points, Qianfeng. " The combination of words such as "negative, brilliant, mysterious, ambiguous, contending and pointing" in the sentence makes the originally static mountains and rivers come alive, and it seems to be still changing. Secondly, writing all kinds of sounds in the mountains is simply a natural symphony, which makes people feel that there are opportunities everywhere in the mountains.

1 1, in practice, how did the author feel when he saw the strange mountains and strange waters of Fuchun River? How do you understand these feelings from him?

Born in sorrow and died in happiness.

Center: Expounding the problems of cultivating talents and governing the country. In the cultivation of talents, the role of adversity cannot be underestimated; In the governance of the country, if there is no intrusion from courtiers and neighboring countries who strictly enforce the law and dare to speak out, the country will perish in ease and enjoyment.

Translation of new words, keywords and sentences

1 Therefore, if the sky is going to drop on people, they must first suffer their minds, work their bones and muscles, starve their bodies, empty their bodies, and do things in disorder.

Keywords: Ren: responsibility, burden. Pain, fatigue, hunger and lack of energy are all causative usages, which translate into "make … miserable", "make … tired" and "make … suffer from poverty". Chaos: interference, disorder.

Therefore, in order to give this man a great mission, God must first make his heart ache, make his bones and muscles tired, make his body hungry and emaciated, make him suffer from poverty, make his actions go wrong and turn his actions upside down.

3, trapped in the heart, balanced in consideration, and then made; Color label, sound hair, and then metaphor.

Key words: balance: the same as "horizontal", infarction, which means not smooth.

Do, stand up, and intend to do something. Signature: check. Y: I understand, I understand.

Sentence meaning: only when inner troubles and thoughts are blocked can we make a difference; Gaunt and haggard, manifested in color, sighing comes from sound (see its color, smell its sound), and then people understand it.

4. If you go in, you can't go home; if you go out, you will be invincible against foreign invasion, and your country will die.

Keywords: within: refers to the country. Out: Outside means abroad. Legalist: a world minister with statutes.

Fu Shi: a wise man enough to assist the monarch. Fu: finish reading through "Bi" and assist. Constant: often.

Sentence meaning: If there are no ministers who insist on statutes and sages who can assist the monarch at home, and there are no hostile countries and foreign invasion abroad, the country will always be in danger of extinction.

5, born in sorrow, died in happiness. Key words: life: survival and development.

Sentence meaning: Worry (which can motivate people to be diligent) makes people survive and develop, and enjoying happiness makes people tired and die.

6. Question design and answer

(1) The article is about cultivating talents and governing the country. The central argument is: born in sorrow, died in happiness.

(2) The historical figures mentioned in the first paragraph of the article all have a common feature: they all achieved extraordinary careers after suffering.

The function of parallelism in the first paragraph is: it strongly shows that talents are produced in a difficult environment.

(3) The second paragraph is the connecting link between the preceding and following sentences.

Therefore, one day will be a great task, so will people, among which "being a man" means

The above six people and others.

(4) The second paragraph talks about the role of objective conditions in cultivating talents, and expounds such a truth:

To achieve great things, you must first go through hardships.

Among them, the sentence that has been honed in thought is: suffering from its will.

The sentence honed in action is: starve your body, empty your body, and disturb your behavior.

Sentences honed in life: strain your bones and muscles, starve your skin, and empty your body.

As a result, it can endure and reap what it can't get.

(5) The third paragraph talks about the role of people's subjective factors in success, that is, difficulties can stimulate people's fighting spirit.

Write about the change of people's psychological state, get stuck in your heart, consider balance, and then do it.

Write about the changes in people's facial expressions. Color label, sound hair, and then metaphor.

(6) The third paragraph discusses the benefits of being tempered from both positive and negative aspects, which stimulates the fighting spirit of people (individuals) from the front. People are unchangeable, and then they can change. Trapped in the heart, balanced in consideration, and then made; Color label, sound hair, and then metaphor.

Suggest the cause of the country's demise from the opposite side (country). A country, if there are no ministers and wise men who can assist the king, will often be in danger of the collapse of its neighboring countries and the misfortunes from abroad.

(7) Mencius' judgment on governing the country is: if you enter, you can't have a home, if you leave, you will be invincible against foreign invasion, and the country will die. Mencius believes that a country needs legalists and foreign enemies if it wants long-term stability.

Third, thinking and application. (1) Mencius listed the experiences of six historical figures in his article. Emphasize that "adversity can make success"; Today, some people think that "prosperity can also be a success." What do you think of this? Please give an example.

(2) Some people think that life is superior now. "Born in sorrow and died in happiness" has lost its practical significance. Please give an example to talk about your opinion.

There are famous words and examples to prove the point of this article: Gou Jian, lie on his salary and taste courage.

Difficulties and hardships, jade can't be cut without cutting. Be prepared for danger in times of peace, and refrain from extravagance and frugality. Worrying about the country and the people, surviving.

the Peach Garden

1, by Tao Yuanming, Dynasty: Song Dynasty, essayist. This article is selected from Tao Yuanming's anthology. I also studied his articles, including

Return to the Garden (III), Drinking, Biography of Mr.

2. Knowledge of the article: (1) Clue: Fisherman (Wu Lingren), whose whereabouts in and out of Peach Blossom Garden are clues. Discover-visit-leave-seek again and run through it. (2) sequence: time sequence

3, keywords, (1) Interchangeable words: to "invite", invite.

(2) ancient and modern opposition: traffic, interweaving. No matter: don't say, or don't say.

Wife: wife and children. Despair: an isolated place. Delicious: bright and beautiful

(3) Polysemy: ambition: local ambition; Mark and find what you want.

(4) Keywords: If you want to be poor, your forest will be poor: exhausted. With the answer: detailed. As an outsider, I know completely.

Salty to inquire about salty, both. Huang Mao (the old man) looks down on (the child) and enjoys himself.

4. Idiom: (1) Xanadu: an ideal society where everyone lives and works in peace and contentment without war. Later, this idiom was used to refer to a fictional, happy and beautiful place beyond reality.

(2) suddenly enlightened: suddenly enlightened, suddenly enlightened. Describe the narrow darkness suddenly becoming open and bright. It also means that the mind suddenly realizes the truth and feels clear.

(3) nobody cares; Tianjin: Ferry. Nobody asked about the ferry. Later, this idiom was used to mean that no one asked for indifference.

(4) bright colors; Falling Flowers English: Falling Flowers. Colorful: all kinds of messy looks. Falling flowers describe the beauty of spring. It also refers to the late spring weather when flowers wither.

5. Understand and recite; (1) In this paper, the sentence describing the beauty of the grass and the profusion of flowers in the peach blossom forest (the wonder of the peach blossom forest) is that the grass is beautiful and the color is brilliant.

(2) What attracts fishermen to "want to be poor in their forests" in this article? Suddenly I met the peach blossom forest and grabbed the shore for hundreds of steps. There are no miscellaneous trees in it, and the grass is delicious and colorful.

(3) This article describes the beautiful natural environment of Taohuayuan: the land is flat and spacious, the houses are just like, and there are fertile fields and beautiful mulberry ponds. (Fill in the blanks in the 2003 senior high school entrance examination in Hebei Province)

(4) The sentences describing the peaceful social environment of Taohuayuan are as follows: Traffic in the building, birds and dogs talk together, among which farming, men and women dress like strangers. Yellow hair is tied in a bun. Have fun.

(5) The sentence (or: describing the appearance of old people and children) describing the people in Taohuayuan in this article is yellow hair. Have fun.

(6) The sentences that best reflect the hospitality and simple folk customs of Taohuayuan people are as follows: a. Go home and set up wine to kill chickens for food. When the village heard about this man, Xian came to inquire. B. The others went home and ate and drank.

(7) In this article, "This person has a sound every word, and all regrets." Why do Taohuayuan people sigh? You ask the world, I don't know whether there are Han Chinese, regardless of Wei and Jin Dynasties.

(8) Sentence explaining the origin of Taoyuan people: Since Yun's ancestors fled the Qin Dynasty, they led their wives to this desperate situation and never came back.

5. Thinking, (1) What two aspects of social fashion of Taohuayuan people are described in the third paragraph of this article? (short answer): happy life; Simple folk customs.

(2) What two things in this article can explain that Peach Blossom Garden is a fictional ideal society? Find what you want, get lost, get lost; If you fail, you will find the disease.

(3) From those places in the article, we know that the content is fictional: it comes from "Taoyuan World", and the result is "no way out" and then "nobody cares".

(4) Fictional purpose: to depict a society without exploitation, oppression, self-reliance, self-sufficiency, peace and tranquility, and everyone enjoying himself, in sharp contrast with the dark society at that time, and to express the author's yearning for a better life and pursuit of an ideal society.

(5) Significance of the work: Although this ideal cannot be realized, it reflects people's pursuit and yearning, and also reflects people's dissatisfaction and resistance to reality.

6. Discuss and answer the following questions

1, why "there is a saying in China:' others are not humane enough'"? (Set suspense to make the story more bizarre)

2. "Peach Blossom Garden" is the ideal world imagined by the author. Since it doesn't exist, why did the author write it?

To pin their political ideals and reflect the wishes of the broad masses of the people. Or: pursue a free life in order to entrust a beautiful ideal)

3. After the fisherman left Taoyuan, what is the role of writing that the Taishou and Liu Ziji visited unsuccessfully?

(1) adds mystery. (2) suggests that this is a fictional, unattainable ideal world)