The excavation of Mawangdui Han Tomb is of great value to China's historical and scientific research, and its unearthed cultural relics are extremely precious. According to textual research, the silk book Fifty-two Prescriptions for Diseases unearthed from Tomb No.3 may be earlier than Huangdi Neijing (written in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period), which records 52 diseases, mentions more than 100 diseases, and has more than 280 prescriptions and more than 240 drugs used. This is the earliest prescription that can be seen in China now. The discovery of Fifty-two Prescriptions for Diseases supplements the medical contents of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region before Neijing, which is a very precious medical heritage.
More than 3,000 precious cultural relics have been unearthed from the three Han tombs in Mawangdui, most of which are well preserved. Among them, more than 500 pieces of various lacquerware are beautifully made, luxuriantly decorated and as bright as new. What is precious is a large number of silk fabrics in Tomb No.1, which are well protected. There are many varieties, such as silk, silk, silk, yarn, brocade and so on. There is a plain gauze Zen dress, as light as smoke and as thin as cicada wings. Length 1.28 meters, long sleeves, weighing only 49 grams. Its knitting skill is superb, which is really ingenious. The unearthed silk paintings are the earliest existing large-scale works in China that describe the real life at that time. There are also colorful figurines, musical instruments, weapons, seals, silk books and other treasures.
The painted lacquer coffin in the No.1 Han Tomb is as bright as new, and the top paint is painted with flowing water and animal monsters, with complex shape, vivid posture and high artistic level. A large number of silk books with 654.38+ 10,000 words unearthed from Tomb No.3 are rare historical documents. Silk books involve ancient philosophy, history and science and technology. After sorting, * * * has 28 kinds of books,120,000 words. There are also several books, most of which are lost. The topographic map unearthed from the No.2 Han Tomb is similar to the modern map in drawing technology and marking position. It has been exhibited in the United States, Japan, Poland and other countries and is highly praised as an "amazing discovery".
Mawangdui Han Tomb Site is located in the eastern suburb of Changsha, four kilometers away from the city center. It was named Mawangdui because it is said to be the graveyard of Ma Yin, the king of Chu. Among the three Han tombs, the second tomb belongs to Hou Licang, the prime minister of Changsha in the early Han Dynasty, the first tomb is the wife of Li Cang, and the third tomb is the son of Li Cang. Among the three tombs, Tomb No.1 is the largest, with a length of19.5m from north to south, a width of17.8m from east to west and a depth of16m. Now the No.1 and No.2 tombs have been filled in, the No.3 tomb has been reinforced and preserved, and a large-span ceiling has been built for people to visit.
Tomb of Changsha Prime Minister, Hou Licang and their families in the early Western Han Dynasty. Located in the eastern suburb of Changsha City, Hunan Province. Changsha is the seat of Linxiang County, the capital of Changsha in Han Dynasty. This cemetery was misinformed as the cemetery of Ma Yin, the king of Chu during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, so it was called Mawangdui. She was buried as the mother of Changsha and the "twin daughter" of Tang. Tomb 1 was excavated by Hunan Provincial Museum and Institute of Archaeology of China Academy of Sciences in 1972. At the beginning of 1973 to 1974, tombs No.2 and No.3 were excavated. Mawangdui No.1 Han Tomb in Changsha was published on 1973. According to historical records and Hanshu, Li Xiangcang died in Changsha in the second year of Emperor Huidi (BC 193). The three seals of "Prime Minister of Changsha", "Hou" and "Li Cang" were found in Tomb No.2, indicating that the owner of the tomb was the first generation of Hou Licang himself. 1 A 50-year-old female corpse was found in the tomb, which was given the title of "Princess Xin Zhui". The owner of the tomb should be Li Cang's wife. The body of the owner of Tomb No.3 belongs to a man in his thirties, which may be the tomb of Li Cang's son. A wooden slip unearthed from Tomb No.3 has the words "December 12th, New Year's Eve", indicating that the tomb was in the 12th year of Emperor Wen (BC 168). 1 Tomb No.2 and No.3 were broken respectively, so the age should be later. The excavation of Mawangdui Han Tomb provides extremely important physical data for studying the development of handicraft industry and science and technology in the early Western Han Dynasty, as well as the historical culture and social life at that time.