We need to know that the biggest feature of a LAN is that it can achieve the best utilization of resources, such as: sharing disk devices, printers, etc., so that files can be called to each other within the established LAN and can be accessed at any time Print on a shared printer; of course, we can also use software such as Wingate or Sygate to share a Modem with multiple machines to access the Internet; or connect to the Internet through a proxy server to enjoy extraordinary speeds. If you have more than one computer at home, and if you want to upgrade your computer game room to an Internet cafe, then you have to consider connecting them into a LAN.

Don’t think it is difficult. In fact, if we just set up a small local area network, we only need to buy a few network cards and some data cables, and we can have enough food and clothing by ourselves. We know that Win98 has built-in point-to-point (pc to pc) network configuration capabilities, which makes it easy to establish a small network. If your LAN has many computers, then you need a mature network operating system to manage the network, such as WinNT, Netware or Linux, etc.

Serial and parallel port communication networking

If you just want to connect two PCs equipped with Windows series operating systems, we can directly use the serial and parallel ports of the computer to Communication cable (pc to pc), after connecting the two computers, select Microsoft's "Dial-up Network Adapter" in "Adapter" under "Control Panel/Network" in Windows and "IPX/SPX Compatible Protocol" in "Protocol" ” and “NetBEUI Protocol”. Then start the "Control Panel", select "Add/Remove Programs", click "Install Windows Programs", select "Communications", click "Direct Cable Connection", and then use the Windows installation disk to install. After installation, restart your computer. Select a computer as the host, right-click a drive (such as C drive) in the host's "My Computer", select "Special Sharing", and select the optimal sharing level. Run "Direct Cable Connection" in the accessories of both machines, and on the host machine, select the communication port used. Select another computer as the client, follow the prompts, wait a moment, and the connection is completed. Open "Network Neighborhood" on the "Client" desktop, and you will find that you are no longer alone. You can access your host through "Network Neighborhood", or you can map the network drive to yourself through the "Map Network Drive" method. Virtual physical drive, what's even better is that if the host you are connected to is already on the LAN, you can also access all online resources through the host. And when you visit, it does not affect the normal work of the host, which is especially beneficial to laptop users.

Network card communication and networking

When there are more than two computers (PC), you need to use network cards, network cables and hubs (HUB). If there is no network card in the LAN, it is like a river without bridges on both sides. Network card is the abbreviation of NIC (NETWORK Interface Card), which is one of the most basic components of a local area network. The network card is installed in the expansion slot of network computers and servers and serves as the physical interface between the computer and the network. Therefore, it can simply be said that the network card is a bridge for receiving and transmitting data. According to the transmission rate, network cards can be divided into: 10Mbps network card (ISA socket or PCI socket), 100Mbps PCI socket network card, 10Mbps/100Mbps adaptive network card and Gigabit network card. At present, the 10Mbps ISA socket network card still occupies a certain market share with its low price. However, due to the low network transmission rate of the 10Mbps ISA socket network card and occupying a large amount of CPU resources, it is only suitable for those LANs that do not have high speed requirements. I recommend using a 100Mbps PCI socket network card or a 10Mbps/100Mbps adaptive network card. It is not expensive and can be adapted to application environments with a large number of users, large amounts of data transmitted on the Internet, and multimedia information transmission.

When choosing a network cable, you must first look at the interface type of the network card you purchased. There are two types of network card interfaces (RJ45 and BNC): the BNC port uses a thin coaxial cable as the transmission medium. Network card interface. RJ45 is a network card interface that uses twisted pair cable as the transmission medium. The interface of RJ45 is similar to the interface of a telephone line, but the network cable uses an 8-core connector. The disadvantage of using RJ45 is that the installation cost is high, but installation and maintenance are more convenient. , so we generally use the RJ45 interface. Hub (HU): Depending on the number of microcomputers, HUB is used to form a star structure. When there are many workstations, the processing rate of HUB will be far lower than the transmission speed of the communication line, causing a bottleneck problem. Therefore, if conditions permit, Choose a switch. The domain formed by a Hub is called a collision domain. That is to say, when any computer on the network sends and receives data, all other computers can receive it, and these computers cannot send and receive data at the same time, otherwise it will happen. Collision (CSMA/CD protocol prevents collision).

In addition, each computer connected to the Hub must detect the destination address of the received data to confirm whether it has received its own communication information. Therefore, the computer CPU usage is high and the overall network communication efficiency is low. It is only suitable for small workgroup levels. application.

The functions of a hub HUB or switch:

(1) Each twisted pair interface is only connected to one workstation (network card), and signals are transmitted point-to-point.

(2) When a certain port receives a signal, HUB reshapes it and broadcasts it to every other port.

(3)HUB itself can automatically detect signal collisions and immediately send out a jam signal to notify other ports when a collision occurs.

(4) When the transmission line or network card of a certain port fails, the HUB automatically isolates the port so that it does not affect the normal operation of other ports. Because the current 100MB switch is very cheap, it is generally Choose a 100Mbps network card and a 100M switch.

The components required for the LAN are all ready. Now let’s follow me step by step to set up a LAN bar based on Windows2000 Professional, the most stable personal operating system at the moment.

Steps to connect to the LAN:

1. Install the network card. Turn off the computer, open the case, find a free PCI slot (usually a short white slot), insert the network card, and tighten the screws.

2. Connect the network cable. Plug one end of the network cable into the network card connector and the other end into the switch or HUB.

3. Install the network card driver. Turn on the computer and the operating system will detect the network card and prompt you to insert the driver disk. Insert the driver disk sold with the network card, and then click "Next". After Windows finds the driver, a confirmation screen will be displayed, click "Next". If Windows does not find the driver, click the Browse button in the Device Driver Wizard to specify the location of the drive. If your driver is not the latest version, you can open "Device Management", run the "Update Device Driver Wizard", double-click "Network Adapter", then select your network card, select the "Driver" button, and click "Upgrade" Driver" button. Windows will prompt you to insert the Windows installation disk, just follow the prompts. You must also give each computer on the network a unique name and the same workgroup name (such as the default Workgroup) before restarting the computer. The specific operation is to right-click on the "My Computer" icon on the desktop and click "Properties". In the pop-up dialog box, click "Network Identification", then click "Properties", fill in the machine name you want to specify in the "Computer" name, fill in the unified workgroup name in the workgroup, and click OK to complete.

4. Install the necessary network protocols. Right-click on the "Network Neighborhood" icon on the desktop, click "Properties", right-click on the "Local Area Connection" icon, click "Install" in the pop-up properties dialog box, double-click "Protocol" to install "Internet Protocol (TCP)" /IP)", double-click "Client" to install "Microsoft Network Client", and restart the computer.

5. Realize network sharing. Right-click on the "Network Neighborhood" icon on the desktop, click "Properties", right-click on the "Local Area Connection" icon, click "Install" in the pop-up properties dialog box, double-click "Services" to install "Microsoft Network Files" "Shared with the printer", click "OK", these settings will not take effect until the computer is restarted. If you want to share a drive or directory, open "My Computer" in the explorer or on the desktop, right-click the drive or directory you want to share, select "Share", and fill in the appropriate information. content. If you choose to share the entire drive, all directories under the drive are network shared. Open the "Network Neighborhood" icon to get a list of computers on the network. Double-click the computer you want to access to access the drive. To map a network drive, consult the Windows Help file. If you have problems accessing a printer or other computer over the network, please check your network cable connection to ensure that the connection and sharing settings are correct.

6. Set an optional startup password. When you start the computer for the first time after installing the network driver, a dialog box will pop up prompting you to enter the user and password for the Microsoft network. Type your username and it will automatically appear every time you start your computer (you can use the computer name specified in step three). If you do not want to set a password, leave the password line blank and click "OK", otherwise type in the password and confirm the password. If the entered password does not match the set password, the computer can run the operating system locally but cannot share resources online.

Haha. We have established a simple LAN based on Windows 2000 Professional. You can also use the above method to establish a LAN between your neighbors

1. Networking equipment Preparation

Here I assume that you have applied for ADSL broadband service from China Telecom and have it installed.

When setting up a private LAN, please check your ADSL Modem product description first. If it supports routing function, you can save money on purchasing a broadband router; otherwise, this equipment is essential;

In addition, another indispensable device is the switch, which is used as a transfer device for mutual communication between computers; in addition, each computer needs to be installed with a network card responsible for receiving data and urgent feedback. ?Lu Lu K, basically these things. And if you only have two computers, you don't have to go to such trouble. Just install a network card in each of the two computers and connect them with a network cable.

1. Broadband router

Broadband router has two functions, one is to connect different networks, and the other is to select the line for information transmission. It is the best way to enjoy broadband. The best solution for connectivity. With the advantages of easy use, easy management and zero maintenance, it has become the first choice device for Internet access.

Choosing a router is the same as choosing a computer. You must first look at the hardware. Hardware is the basis for the operation of the router. The hardware model is good and of high quality. The router not only has stable functions, but also can expand its functions. For example, the number of access computers, generally mid-to-high-end access routers can support 100 PCs, and in addition to IP sharing and routing functions, they also have firewall, time management, DMZ and other functions; another example is large-capacity memory and Flash memory can provide powerful processing capabilities for routers.

At present, there are many brands of this type of product on the market. You can ask your friends around you which brand has a good reputation in the local area. The more common ones are: D-LINK, TP-LINK, Aitai Technology, Cisco, 3Com, Huawei 3Com, etc.

2. Switch

Switch, the follow-up product of this hub, is incomparable to the former in terms of speed and functions. Its main function is to realize the interconnection and interoperability of multiple computers, which is equivalent to the role of the "middleman" mentioned earlier.

In today's home switch market, because the prices of switches of different brands and different port numbers vary greatly, when purchasing, you should choose based on your actual situation, such as the chosen networking method, Affordable price, brand, favorite switch shape, etc. In addition, you must also pay attention to various performance indicators of the switch, such as the number of interfaces. Generally speaking, 5-port and 8-port switches are the first choice.

3. Network card, network cable

The network card is also called NIC, which means Network Interface Card. Its function is to decompose the data into packets and then send them to network. Currently, there are mainly PCI interface network cards on the market.

On the other hand, what we usually call 10M network card, 100M network card, 10M/100M adaptive network card, etc. are mainly divided according to the network card connection speed. Based on the above, the most mature choice for home use today is the 10M/100M product with PCI interface. Laptops use PCMCIA interface network cards, which are much more expensive than PCI network cards on ordinary PCs. Generally, PCI network cards can be purchased for tens of dollars, while PCMCIA usually costs 1 or 2 hundred.

As for the network cable, I didn’t pay too much attention to it. Generally, you choose Category 5e twisted pair cable. When you buy it, the merchant will make the connector for you according to your network type, so don't worry. The price of network cable is measured by length, generally 1.5 yuan/meter.

PCI network card (ordinary desktop)

PCMCIA network card (notebook)

3. About the connection of the device

We have already understood it before Learn what equipment is needed to build such a network, as well as the common sense for purchasing each equipment. So, how do you ultimately determine which equipment you need based on your specific situation? The following are possible situations:

1. Dual-computer direct connection

That is to say, one of the computers is connected to the ADSL Modem, and then directly connected to the other computer through the network card. . If you use this kind of connection, you need to set up Internet sharing proxy settings on the computer with broadband access, such as installing proxy software such as Wingate to achieve dual-machine sharing of the Internet. This is the cheapest network.

2. Broadband router + network card + computer

This method is mainly used when there are not many shared computers. Because general broadband routers provide 4 switch ports, if there are less than 4 computers that need to be shared, there is no need to spend money to buy switches. The specific connection method is: the ADSL broadband line is connected to the ADSL Modem, the direct twisted pair is connected to the Modem and the router, and other computers are connected to the router using a crossed twisted pair.

3. Broadband router + switch + network card + computer

Corresponding to the above situation, this method is used when the shared computer is larger than the switching port of the broadband router. At this time, a switch is needed to help, and the switch with the corresponding port is selected according to the number of shared computers.

That is to say, all shared computers are first connected to the switch, and then connected to the broadband router through the switch, thereby achieving unlimited access to the Internet.

4. Switch + network card + computer

If your ADSL Modem has its own broadband routing function (please check the product manual), you can omit the router. This is the only difference from the above three methods. It is also more convenient to connect, and there is no need to set up at all. The connection method is: connect the LAN port of the ADSL Modem to any port of the switch with a twisted pair, and then connect each computer to the remaining port of the switch.

Set up a local area network and enjoy the Internet

——》1: Direct connection with network cable is not the most economical method. Although we only need to add 1 network cable and 1 network card, the total The total price will not exceed 100 yuan. However, this approach has the biggest weakness, which is that both machines must be turned on at the same time when accessing the Internet. Unless you only use the host computer to access the Internet, the accumulated electricity bills will not necessarily save you any money compared to other methods~~, so it is recommended not to Use this method!

——》Two: Use switch/HUB and server methods. We can use software such as SyGate to create a shared system where whoever turns on the computer first becomes the host. However, there is also a potential problem. If the machine as the host is shut down in advance, the network of the other machine may be disconnected. , if you are using IE to download the file halfway, if you are playing Lianzhong... Haha, you can imagine the consequences!

——》Three: Use broadband routing. If you don't want to set it up yourself, you can ask a technician to set it up for you when you buy broadband.

At the same time, the benefit of this method is stability! It is the most stable of all the above solutions. There seems to be no objection to this. It also saves effort. You don’t need to dial up every time you go online. This is done automatically by the broadband router. Moreover, the broadband router also has a disconnection redial function. How much trouble is saved? The next step is security. The IP you expose to the Internet is the IP of your route, not the IP of the machine itself, so you are virtually protected.

Furthermore, it does not violate the regulations of China Telecom or China Netcom. Even if it restricts the MAC address, it is useless because the route itself has a MAC address.

——》1. First, connect the broadband modem to the WLAN port of the router. You can use the connection cable that comes with the modem.

——》2. Use a direct network cable to connect a Lan port of the router to the UpLing port of the switch. Also use a direct network cable to connect the normal port of the switch to the computer. In this way, the hardware environment is ready. If you have relatively few machines, only 2 or 3, there is no need to add a switch. Just connect a Lan port of the router to a computer using a direct connection cable.

——》3. For the first machine, first set your network parameters (right-click "Network Neighborhood"-"Properties"-right-click "Local Area Connection"-Properties-find the TCP/IP protocol and double-click it ):

IP address: 192.168.1.11

Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0

Gateway: 192.168.1.1

DNS : Leave it alone.

Then click "OK" all the way and restart when necessary. But if there is any prompt, you'd better restart it.

——》4. For the second machine, just like the first one, just change the IP address to 192.168.1.12. By analogy, the local area network has been successfully formed.

——》5. To set up broadband routing, I think there should be a manual. I will only briefly introduce it.

First find a machine, then open IE, enter: 192.168.1.1 in the address bar and press Enter. You are prompted to enter your username and password, see the instructions.

After correctly entering the routing configuration interface, select the PPPOE mode for Internet access if it is ADSL dial-up. At this time, you need to enter your username and password for Internet access. If you are directly assigning IP, choose the direct IP form. Please consult your ISP for details.

Home networking

1. Planning and construction of home networks

(1) The necessity of home networking

In recent years , home network has gradually become a hot topic in the IT world. The concept of connecting two or more computers and sharing their resources is becoming more and more popular. The home networking craze has begun and will continue to heat up. Some people can’t help but want to Ask, what benefits will the Internet bring to families?

The first is to save economic expenditure. If you have multiple computers at home, setting up a home network can not only bring great convenience, but also save some costs. At present, the account we apply for from the Internet Service Provider (ISP) generally does not allow many computers to share the Internet with one account at the same time. Therefore, when two computers are online at the same time, we must have two Internet accounts. And the home must have two separate phone lines. In other words, if we originally only had one phone line and one account, we would have to apply for another phone line and an Internet account from the relevant local telecommunications department.

The second is that resources can be fully shared. The purpose of establishing a network is to maximize the sharing of existing resources. At present, families with two or more computers at the same time in China have a relatively large hardware performance gap. In many families, one computer is mostly 468 or 586, and many even have 386, while the other computer is of today's mainstream configuration, with the main frequency Above 300MHz. The current situation is that many families use two or more computers at the same time, and their composition is generally from 486 to the currently popular PIII, plus a home printer. If these computers are connected, resources can be shared between different machines through the network, thus greatly improving the performance of low-configuration machines.

Of course online entertainment is also essential. Because the charm of games is so great, few home users will ignore this aspect of games. Nowadays, the game that attracts the most attention is the online battle, because many people are no longer satisfied with the traditional human-machine battle (mainly because the IQ of the computer is too low), and want to engage in high-IQ real-time battles between humans. With a home network, a few members of the family can play games online in their free time. Even playing Hearts is a good idea. On the one hand, it can eliminate the pressure caused by work and study, and it is also a kind of emotional communication.

In addition to the benefits mentioned above, we can also transmit information on the home local area network, have voice conversations with each other, or watch a VCD movie. Anyway, there are many benefits, if you are interested in watching it , please quickly follow me into the following content.

After reading the prosperous blueprint depicted above, you must be moved by it! But now a new doubt has arisen: "Building a network always seems to be a difficult task that can only be completed by professionals, and my computer skills are only entry-level at best. Can I complete the set-up of a home network?" Of course you do Can! If you don’t believe me, read on and you will get step-by-step help starting from the most basic things!

(2) Choose a network that suits you

When people buy shoes, the standards they follow are often: don’t choose the best, only choose the one that fits the best. . The same goes for network planning! Only according to your actual situation, local conditions, and a certain long-term vision can you finally design a network that best suits you.

Below, we recommend two network planning solutions, one does not require a hub (HUB) connection, and the other requires a hub (HUB) connection. In principle, option one is suitable for a home network consisting of two computers; option two is suitable for a home network consisting of three or more computers.

Hub (HUB) is a device that can connect multiple originally independent users to form a whole so that they can use a certain communication line at the same time.

Option 1: No hub connection

Applicable object: connection between two computers.

Required hardware: 1 network card each, 1 RJ45 head (i.e. crystal head), several meters of twisted pair cable, and 1 network clamp (RJ45).

Project description: Two computers are directly interconnected using twisted pairs, without the need for a HUB.

Option 2: Hub connection is required

Applicable object: connection between three (or more) computers.

Required hardware: 1 network card each, 2 RJ45 heads (i.e. crystal heads) each, several meters of twisted pair cable, 1 network clamp (RJ45), and an 8-port hub (bandwidth 10M).

Project description: The machines are connected together through a hub using twisted pairs, and a hub must be used.

No matter which of the above solutions you adopt, when purchasing a network card, don’t forget to ask for the driver installation disk. It is usually a floppy disk, otherwise you may not be able to complete the installation! No drivers are required for hardware other than the network card.

(3) Connect your network

Okay, now that you have chosen the "shoes" that suit you, the next thing to do is to The "shoe-wearing" task of keeping away from scourges requires you to connect the hardware devices you have prepared to make your home network take shape!

1. Installation of network card

Network card (Net Interface Card) is the most basic and important connection device in the local area network. Please open the main chassis of all computers one by one, select a suitable (ISA/PCI) free slot, insert your network card into it, secure it with screws, and then cover the main chassis.

When inserting a network card into the motherboard, generally insert the rear half first, and then press down the front half; if you want to remove the network card from the motherboard, the operation is exactly the opposite of inserting the network card, that is, generally Use the method of taking the front half first and then the back half. Not only the network card, but also the insertion and removal methods of other cards on the motherboard (such as graphics cards, modem, sound cards, etc.) are the same!

2. Production of network cables

Network cables are essential equipment used to connect computer networks. Each complete network cable is composed of a twisted pair with an RJ45 head (crystal head) at both ends.

To make a network cable, you need to prepare three types of equipment: twisted pair cable, RJ45 head and network clamp.

When making, first put one end of the twisted pair between the two blades of the network pliers, exposing about 2 cm in length, then gently press the two handles of the network pliers, and slowly remove the twisted pair. Turn it in a circle and you can peel off the outer sheath to expose the core wire inside.

Because the cores of twisted pairs are twisted together in pairs, they are called twisted pairs.

Since the general home network is 10M (mainly refers to the HUB is 10M, because the 100M HUB is too expensive), so only any two of the total four cores need to be left. That's it, the other two strands can be cut off with the knife of network pliers; then, unfold and straighten the remaining two strands and the four strands (very important), and press the first three strands closer and the fourth strand slightly open arranged in order.

Finally, put the clamp of the RJ45 head downwards, and insert the four wire cores into the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 6th holes of the RJ45 head in sequence (from left to right). Be sure to plug them tightly; then plug them tightly. Insert the RJ45 head with the wire core into the hole of the network clamp, and then press the double handles of the network clamp firmly until you make sure that the RJ45 head has clamped the wire core firmly!

When making, if you adopt the plan one mentioned above, please be sure to note that the method at the other end is different from the one mentioned above: for example, one end is left with red shares (including Red and red and white) and blue (including blue and blue and white), the order in the RJ45 head hole is red 1, red and white 2, blue 3, blue and white 4; then the other end must also be left Two strands of the same color should be arranged in the order of blue 1, blue and white 2, red 3, red and white 6 in the RJ45 head hole, that is, they intersect with the front end! In this solution, the number of network cables required is ***1.

If you adopt the second option mentioned above, it is much simpler, because the method on the other end is exactly the same as the one mentioned above: that is, leaving two strands of the same color (*** Four) wire cores, arrange them in exactly the same order, put them into the RJ45 head and clamp them with network clamps! In this solution, the required number of network cables is 1 for each machine.

When you first learn to make network cables, it may be because the ends of each wire core are not neat enough, or the wire core is not tightly plugged in the RJ45 hole, or the RJ45 head is not clamped hard enough when using a network clamp, etc. Due to the reasons, the network cable production was unsuccessful, so that the purpose of connecting to the network could not be achieved! At this time, you need to cut off the "bad" RJ45 head and reconnect the new RJ45 head; the old RJ45 head can no longer be reused.

Of course, it would be great if you could buy an RJ45 line tester! In this way, you only need to plug the prepared network cable into the two holes of the line tester. When the indicator light is on, congratulations, this indicates that the network cable production is successful! Otherwise...

3. Connection of network cables

If you choose option one, you only need to directly connect the RJ45 connectors at both ends of the prepared network cable (in no particular order or order) Insert them into the RJ45 holes of the two computer network cards respectively, and the connection is successful!

If you choose option 2, you need to first place the HUB (i.e. hub) in a suitable location, plug in the power, and then connect the RJ45 heads at both ends of the prepared network cable (in no particular order or order) Insert it into the RJ45 hole and HUB of the computer network card respectively, and the connection is successful!

4. Detection of network cables

If there is no line tester, after the network cable is successfully connected, you can also initially determine whether the network cable was successfully produced.

For option one, after the connection is successful, if the indicator lights of the network cards of both computers are on, it generally means that the network cable production is successful.

For option 2, after the connection is successful, if the indicator light on the computer network card and the indicator light on the corresponding hole on the HUB are both on, it generally means that the network cable production is successful.