1, water. Life is inseparable from water, and various trees have different requirements for water, such as poplar, willow, Pterocarya stenoptera, Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Taxodium ascendens. Some are slightly drought-tolerant, such as Sophora japonica, Toona sinensis and Robinia pseudoacacia. There are drought-tolerant arborvitae and cypress trees. Only by supplying a certain amount of water according to its characteristics can it grow healthily and give full play to the greening effect. You can't live without water, and the requirements for water are different in different periods, but too much water will also make trees suffer from waterlogging.

The roots of newly planted trees and flowers are cut off by different procedures, which greatly affects the water absorption and has a recovery period. In order to ensure the water balance, it is often done by tying dry on the ground, putting up a shed, spraying water, covering with plastic film, etc. to keep moisture, protect it from direct sunlight and strong light, and create a good microclimate environment.

The specific work is watering, the purpose is to supplement the lack of soil moisture. When the soil moisture content is suitable for plants to absorb, it grows best. On the contrary, insufficient or excessive water will affect its growth, and long-term water shortage will lead to death. The irrigation capacity is limited by equipment and manpower, and must be carried out in order of priority; Newly planted trees, seedlings, shrubs (shallow roots) and broad-leaved trees (large evaporation) are preferred; Early planting, deciduous needles can be watered slowly. Special attention should be paid to watering during high temperature and long drought in summer, with emphasis on precious trees, fruit trees and big trees. In short, the amount and frequency of irrigation are determined by tree species, plant size, growth status, water source, climate, soil and environmental conditions, so as to save water. Now tap water, water from rivers and lakes and treated sewage can also be used, but water containing harmful substances can't be used, otherwise it will cause bad results. During the irrigation period and near noon in winter, you should miss the sunny and hot noon.

Drainage. Usually pay attention to prevent water accumulation, and those who are not tolerant of waterlogging, such as peach waterlogging, will suffer. It is necessary to adjust the terrain by digging ditches and filling the land in time to clear the original ditches and cause water accumulation.

2, fat. The current standard is that the content of soil organic matter should reach more than 2%. Fertilization is to supplement nutrient elements in soil, improve soil properties, create favorable conditions for the reproduction and activities of soil microorganisms, promote the decomposition of fertilizers into absorbable state, and be beneficial to plant growth.

Trees grow vigorously in spring and summer and need a lot of fertilizer, which gradually decreases in autumn and almost stops in winter. Trees need a lot of nitrogen fertilizer in their youth, and a lot of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in their prime. Therefore, fertilization should be based on trees, time and local conditions (what is implemented in rural areas now is to measure what is lacking in soil), so as to get twice the result with half the effort.

The foundation soil we are planting now has high organic matter content, and the new foundation of trees can meet the demand. In particular, some of them can be supplied for a long time after fermentation and decomposition, so fertilization can be ignored for the time being. However, if irrigation and grass roots are shallow and planting density is high, fertilizers should be supplemented in time, and a large number of quick-acting fertilizers such as chemical fertilizers and bacterial fertilizers should be applied. For flowering trees, applying fertilizer once before and after flowering, for example, one month before the flowering of osmanthus fragrans, shallow ditch 10 ~ 20 cm deep around the crown can achieve the effect of beauty and fragrance.

Organic fertilizer should be fully fermented and decomposed, and chemical fertilizer should be completely crushed. After fertilization, water should be sprayed properly, which is beneficial to infiltration and will not cause excessive concentration of soil solution to be unfavorable to root absorption. Spraying outside the roots is best in the evening, which is beneficial to leaf absorption.

In order to pay attention to the city appearance and environmental sanitation, we should pay attention to the selection and use of fertilizers.

3. stop. Pruning refers to thinning or pruning branches, leaves, flowers and fruits of trees, so as to achieve the purpose of regulating growth, flowering and fruiting, and making trees grow into desired specific shapes, also known as "plastic pruning".

Natural pruning is to give full play to the tree characteristics of various trees, such as Cedar, Yin Hua, etc., and only dead branches and over-dense branches can be removed.

Modeling pruning, in order to achieve a special gardening purpose, pruning trees into various specific shapes, such as geometric shapes, animal shapes, bonsai shapes and so on. Need labor and time to keep shape, including:

1) Street trees: generally cup-shaped, deciduous trees in winter and evergreen trees in growing season. The central trunk grows vigorously, and the lateral branches are cut short, forming a conical, round-headed or oval crown, such as leeches, ginkgo biloba and Metasequoia glyptostroboides. The height under the branches of street trees is set at 2.5 ~ 3.5 meters, which is related to the control of car height at 4.2 meters.

2) Shrubs are clustered branches, and the branchlets are thinned and chopped. Such as crape myrtle, hydrangea, hibiscus, rose, etc. It should be re-cut from dormancy to flowering; Prune plum, cherry blossom, spring jasmine, yellow heart, begonia and peach moderately within 0-2 weeks after flowering; Hedges and hedges should be spherical, square, conical and wavy until their surfaces are smooth and flat. Strong pruning should be carried out before germination in spring, and weak pruning should be carried out after new branches and leaves grow out. After that, attention should be paid to removing individual overgrown branches, as well as colored shrubs. But they can be layered by two height differences 10 ~ 15cm, or they can be in the same plane. In order to achieve mutual impermeability, the invading branches and leaves must be trimmed vertically at the interface.

4, other, insect, typhoon, cold, etc.

1) pest control: pay attention to timely prevention, early treatment, minor treatment, and comprehensive treatment, and pay attention to drug safety.

2) Typhoon prevention: July-September is the typhoon attack period, so the inspection of piles and stay wires should be done well. If it has been infringed, it should be righted in time, remove dead branches and eliminate stagnant water.

3) Cold protection refers to the trees vulnerable to low temperature attacks in the south. In winter, wind barriers should be erected, cold-proof covers should be set up, painted, and trunks, such as peach trees, apricot trees and murraya, should be protected with straw ropes. In early spring, special attention should be paid to the freezing injury in spring.

4) Clean up the sanitation work, clean up the cut branches and leaves in time, and leave no dead ends of garbage.

5, management (care, maintenance, inspection)

In order to protect trees from or less man-made damage, setting up key green spaces for supervision and inspection can attract retirees to participate. Their duties are:

1) Take good care of green space, publicize and educate, and discourage and stop bad behaviors in time.

2) Cooperate with relevant departments to protect trees.

3) check the situation of green space and trees, and report to the superior in time when problems are found, so as to handle them in time.