Pruning jujube trees generally requires winter pruning, spring pruning and summer pruning. Following the principle of "shaping in winter, pruning in spring, coring in summer", the jujube tree was planned as a whole, and then operated in sections to achieve the purpose of ventilation and light transmission between branches, control crazy growth, reduce nutrient consumption and benefit results.
At present, it is a good season to cut jujube trees in spring in the north. So, how to cut jujube trees at this time of spring?
First, look at the tree.
The growth of trees, due to the topography, nutrient absorption capacity, the degree of damage of pests and diseases, the tree has strong or weak potential, and different pruning is needed in different States.
Prune 1 strong tree potential.
Strong tree potential includes jujube trees with more fruits and jujube trees with less fruits.
(1) Prune jujube trees with many fruits.
For jujube trees with many fruits, the tree body has been formed and the crown is basically stable. At this time, the fruiting ability is strong, and the branches begin to cross and grow. Therefore, pruning dense branches is the main way to increase light and promote ventilation, and finally achieve the purpose of stabilizing the tree and prolonging the fruiting period.
(2) Pruning jujube trees with few fruits.
The tree with less fruit is jujube, which is overnourished and grows vigorously. Therefore, it is necessary to promote fruiting by removing branches, opening holes in trees, attracting light, or girdling branches, crush trees with fruits, adjust tree vigor, and enhance fruiting ability.
2 pruning of weak trees.
How many points are left in the weak tree potential jujube tree
(1) Pruning weak trees has little effect.
Pruning a weak tree produces few fruits. If you want to attach importance to the tree but neglect the fruit, the tree must be strong first. When pruning, remove cross branches, overlapping branches and diseased branches, concentrate nutrition and adjust growth, so that jujube trees can be weakened and rejuvenated first, and then consider the results.
(2) Prune the trees with many fruits and weak trees.
For weak trees with many results, the results should be suppressed. For pruning, we should pay more attention to nutrient concentration, less attention to results, promote nutrient growth, restore tree vigor first, and then pay attention to results.
Second, it depends on the age of the tree.
Different ages of jujube trees have different pruning purposes and methods.
1 young tree pruning.
The purpose of pruning young trees is to shape and fix the trunk. Pruning should be considered from the aspects of promoting branch generation and main lateral branches, so that young trees can take shape early, bear fruit early and benefit early.
Pruning jujube trees in full fruit period.
Jujube trees are in their prime, and gradually thinning branches is the main method. Objective To strengthen lighting, promote ventilation and improve results. Sparse branches, thin branches, cross branches and diseased branches should be removed.
3 pruning of old trees.
The pruning of old trees is mainly based on renewal, which makes the old trees look brand-new When pruning, the old branches are retracted and new branches are cultivated to achieve the purpose of prolonging the fruiting and growth years of the old trees.
Third, the common methods of spring pruning.
There are many pruning methods for jujube trees, and different methods are adopted according to different tree potentials and different tree ages. When pruning, we should proceed from the actual situation of the tree and adopt one or several methods to achieve the effect of raising trees and bearing more fruits.
1 refinement.
Thinning branches means thinning the dense branches of jujube trees. It is mainly used to remove cross branches, overlapping branches, pest branches and twigs to enhance the ventilation and light transmission of jujube trees.
2 take it back.
Retraction is the shortening and pruning of perennial fruiting branches, and the longer the fruiting branches are, the weaker they become. Retraction and pruning are carried out at the branch. It should be noted that thick branches can be restored by retraction and pruning, while thin branches can control their growth.
3 shortcuts.
Short cutting refers to shortening and pruning the first or second branches of jujube trees during their growth. The short-cut length should be based on the tree potential, and the branches that are too long should also be cut short.
4 pull the branches.
Pulling branches is to change the growth direction of jujube branches with ropes. Make the jujube tree space, especially the central space have enough ventilation and light, so that the branches in the central space have enough space to grow. Branching can also be carried out with special branching equipment.
Pruning jujube trees in spring is mainly about combing branches. In the process of pruning, different methods should be adopted according to the reality of jujube trees to achieve the purpose of promoting ventilation, increasing light, bearing more fruits and bearing good fruits.