1. Choose land to build a garden
To build a garden, you should choose a relatively open place with good lighting conditions, avoid windy places, and not choose rainy places. The ecological environment around the mango garden is also good. When choosing land, we should also consider the soil. The soil should be fertile, loose and breathable, with good drainage and water retention, and the organic matter content should not be less. If the planting scale is large, the factors such as traffic and terrain should be considered when selecting and zoning the orchard. If the planting scale is small, it can be divided according to the specific situation.
2. Reclaim wasteland
After the land is selected, the weeds and sundries on the land should be cleaned up. If you choose sloping land, you can use terraced fields for planting, and if the land is relatively flat, you can dig ditches for planting. Land reclamation should be comprehensive, and plows should not be perfunctory. The whole reclamation should be carried out twice, and the tillage depth should reach 40 cm. It is best to soften the soil and let it dry for a while before planting.
3. Tree species selection
It is best to choose varieties with high yield, early maturity and strong disease resistance for cultivation. When selecting tree species, we should also consider the sweetness of fruit and the aesthetic appearance, which will affect the economic benefits of growers. Tainong, ivory mountain, Guifei Mountain and Simi Mountain are all good choices.
4. Planting time and density
March-April in spring is the most suitable time for planting, and the survival rate of plants planted at this time is high. Generally speaking, the planting scale is 3-3.5mx4-4.5m, and it is best to plant about 45-55 mango trees every 667 years.
5. Planting method
Dig planting holes according to planting density. When digging a planting hole, the topsoil and subsoil cannot be put together. The planting hole is 80cm wide, 70cm deep and 60cm wide at the bottom, and the size can be changed between 10~20cm as required. It is best to use organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer as base fertilizer, in which phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are auxiliary fertilizers. Add 25 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 0.75 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to each planting hole, then put the backfill soil into the hole and mix it with the base fertilizer evenly. The depth of backfill soil should be linked to the root block size of mango seedlings, and it should be noted that the soil surface after planting is higher than the original, preferably higher than 15~20cm. When planting, the roots of mango seedlings should not be loose, and when planting, the marriage interface should be higher than the ground. After planting, press the soil well and pour root water to ensure sufficient water before survival.
6. Orchard management
Pay attention to water, fertilizer and weeding in intertillage. In addition to giving enough water before mango seedlings survive, water more when the weather is dry and pay attention to drainage in rainy season. Mango seedlings are mainly applied with nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage of growth, and mixed with phosphorus fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer in the middle stage. When mango trees grow to the mixed fruit stage of flowering, the amount of potassium fertilizer should be increased.
7. Tree management
Attention should be paid to timely and appropriate pruning of mango trees, especially when mango trees are in the young stage, which can improve the quality and yield of mango. Usually, when the tree grows to 1 m, it should be pruned, mainly to determine the main branches and lateral branches of the tree, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance, and also to promote the germination of auxiliary branches and make them bear more fruits.
8. Pest control
The main diseases are anthracnose and stem rot, which are the two diseases that most often threaten the growth of mango trees. It is best to choose varieties with strong disease resistance before planting, and then clean the orchard frequently, weed in time and prune the fruit trees properly. You can choose "Nongkang 120" water solution to dilute it 2500 times and then spray it on plants to prevent diseases. Insect pests are mainly used to control thrips and red spiders. They can be sprayed after being diluted 2000 times with Juma EC.