Children have white reflex in the pupil area, and the most common is congenital cataract. The incidence of neonatal congenital cataract is about 0.4%, and most of them exist after birth. If the lens opacity is mild and does not affect vision, no treatment is needed. If the vision can be improved after mydriasis, you can continue to use mydriasis for one stage until the child can check his vision.
If lens opacity obviously affects vision, surgery should be considered as soon as possible. Early surgery is very important, and the most suitable time is 2 weeks to 3 months after birth.
After the turbid lens in the eye is removed, it becomes aphakic eye. The aphakic eye is highly hyperopic, and it is not clear what to see. Therefore, it needs to be corrected. Correction methods include glasses, contact lenses and intraocular lenses. The best way is intraocular lens correction. Intraocular lens has replaced the original lens anatomically and optically, forming an almost normal refractive system.
Cataract surgery in children is much more complicated than that in adults, and it needs to be performed under general anesthesia.
The treatment of congenital cataract is different from senile cataract, so don't ignore the treatment of postoperative amblyopia. Because the child is blocked by cataract after birth, it interferes with normal retinal stimulation, affects the normal development of the visual system, and can not be corrected with glasses, so it forms amblyopia of the eyes. Although some children had cataract surgery in time, when they reached the age of expressing their eyesight, they found that their eyesight was very low, because after cataract surgery, parents did not give their children glasses to correct hyperopia or treat amblyopia, which delayed the best treatment period for amblyopia.
There are many kinds of treatments for amblyopia, and it depends on the doctor to choose the right treatment to get the best possible treatment effect. It is very important to pay attention to the changes of children's diopter, adjust the diopter of glasses in time, optometry once every six months and ask the surgeon for reexamination.
The best time to treat amblyopia is preschool, the critical period is less than 2 years old and the sensitive period is before 8 years old. /kloc-after 0/2 years old, the treatment effect is very poor, almost no effect. A week after the operation, you can get glasses. One eye can be equipped with contact lenses; If it is binocular surgery, you can wear glasses or contact lenses. Pay attention to keep your eyes clean when wearing contact lenses. If you have tears, jealousy, fear of light, etc., you should stop wearing it and go to the hospital for examination in time. If intraocular lens is implanted after cataract extraction, appropriate glasses can be equipped according to the residual degree. Children's eyes are in the development stage, and intraocular lens implantation is generally selected after 1.5 years old.
After cataract extraction, amblyopia treatment is much more difficult than ordinary amblyopia. Parents must realize the long-term, arduous and necessary treatment.