Pruning in a broad sense includes pruning tree posture and pruning. Pruning in a narrow sense is purposeful and reasonable pruning, that is, adjusting the growth results of citrus by pruning, pruning, pinching, bending branches, twisting branches, sprouting, cutting roots, cutting around, pulling and hanging, or by the action of growth regulators and chemicals to achieve the set tree shape and structure.

Second, the significance

1, increasing fruit yield. Through shaping and pruning, the crown skeleton is compact, firm, reasonable in structure and distinct in layers; Enhance the ventilation and light transmission ability to form a three-dimensional effect; Strengthen the tree potential, improve the ability to bear fruit, adjust the "big and small years" and extend the economic bearing year; In addition, through reasonable pruning and other management measures, the trees in the whole garden can achieve consistent growth and development, give full play to the fruiting force of the population, and improve the yield per unit area.

Reasonable pruning of citrus trees can be based on the age, shape, potential, branch group and the strength of branches, and each can do its best to bear the corresponding fruit yield. In this way, the nutritional supply of fruits is guaranteed, and the fruits are well developed, uniform in size and rich in high-quality fruits. Moreover, the illumination of the pruned trees is greatly improved, and the fruits can be basically full-colored.

3. Enhance stress resistance and reduce pests and diseases. The pruned citrus tree has reasonable skeleton, sufficient branches and leaves, good ventilation and light transmission, which ensures that the tree is strong and full of branches, enhances the stress resistance of the citrus tree, and pests and diseases are not easy to parasitize and spread. At the same time, the branches of pests and diseases are cut off during pruning, which reduces the base of pests and diseases, so the harm of pests and diseases can be reduced.

Three. principle

1, depending on the tree, pruning when looking at the ground means making the best use of the situation.

2, plastic pruning should dwarf the crown, which is conducive to ventilation and light transmission and increase the volume of results.

Fourth, operation

1, plastic: control mode, flexible use, appropriate flexibility. Its key points are: reasonable distribution of branches, firm crown skeleton, non-empty upper and lower parts, non-empty outer space, non-empty small space, non-overlapping upper and lower parts, non-tight left and right sides, ventilation and transparency, and three-dimensional results.

2, pruning: first of all, we must grasp the overall situation. For example, a branch will often be cut off when standing here, but it cannot be cut off when standing on the other side. Secondly, pruning in order, such as ensuring that a certain type of trees are pruned one by one in order of maintaining or reaching tree shape, expanding crown, adjusting length and bearing fruit, so as to avoid wrong pruning and missing pruning. As for pruning dead branches, weak branches, diseased branches, crossed branches, overlapping branches, etc., it belongs to conventional pruning and is suitable for pruning all kinds of orange trees in various periods.

3. Pruning period: both in winter and summer. Pruning in winter is generally carried out after fruit picking and before germination in spring. Only conventional pruning is carried out after the fruit is picked. After the temperature rises in spring, it can be pruned formally and treated with big branches. It depends sooner or later. For example, annual trees can start from the end of February, stable trees can start from the middle and late March, and young trees can be postponed to the budding stage. Summer pruning, also known as growing season pruning, is mainly based on germination, coring and dewatering, and can also deal with local declining branches.

4. Pruning degree: It is determined by the amount of leaves cut. The total control index is that the maximum defoliation in winter is 20%-25%, and the defoliation in summer is below 15%.