1, seed propagation
Sowing in April, soaking the seeds in warm water at 35 ~ 40℃ for 24h, taking out 2 ~ 3 times of wet sand to accelerate germination, and sowing when the crack reaches about 30%. Sow in furrow according to the row spacing of 2 1 ~ 22 cm, cover with soil 1cm, and spray water 1 time every two days for more than 10 days. Transplanting in autumn or the following spring, using about 15kg of seeds per1hm ㎡. ?
2. Cutting
Usually in the rainy season. In rainy weather in summer and autumn, the robust 1 ~ 2-year-old branches are cut into 30 ~ 35 cm, and the lower leaves are used as cuttings. On the selected plot, according to the row spacing of 1.6m and the plant spacing of 1.5m, the digging depth is 16 ~ 18cm, and each hole has 5 ~ 6 cuttings, which stand obliquely in a scattered way, with 7 ~ 10cm exposed.
Pay attention to shading before pruning to avoid dry branches caused by direct sunlight. Cutting can also be used to raise seedlings; In July and August, put the cuttings into the ditch, the row spacing is 23 ~ 26 cm, the depth is about 16cm, and the spacing is 2cm. Fill and compact the cuttings with soil. Using sandy soil with good air permeability and water permeability as seedling soil has the fastest rooting and is not easy to be invaded by germs and cause branch rot.
3, plastic pruning
Pruning should be done after defoliation in autumn and before germination in spring. Generally, strong branches are lightly cut, weak branches are strongly cut, and all branches are cut. When pruning, pay attention to ventilation and light transmission after the new branches grow. All weak branches, withered old branches, basic branches, etc. It should be cut off, and the plots with poor fertilizer and water conditions should be trimmed heavier. Old branches should be cut off to promote the growth of new branches.
Young plants are mainly cultivated plants and should be lightly cut. Generally, 4 ~ 5 trunk branches are left in mountainous areas, and 1 ~ 2 trunk branches are left in plains. The top of the trunk should be cut off to make it stout and upright. Combination of shaping and pruning. In principle, it is based on fertilizer and water management, which can improve the whole, make full use of space, increase the amount of branches and leaves, make the plant type more reasonable, and obviously increase flowers and yield.
4. Tian Tuan management
Topdressing: During the first 1 ~ 2 years after planting, it is the development and fruit setting period of honeysuckle plants, and more fertilizers such as human and animal manure, plant ash, urea and potassium sulfate are applied. After planting for 2 ~ 3 years, more fertilizers such as livestock manure, manure, cake fertilizer and calcium superphosphate should be applied in early spring every year. After the first crop of flowers is harvested, an appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer should be applied to provide sufficient nutrients for the next crop of flowers.
5. Harvest and processing
The best time to harvest honeysuckle is early morning and morning. At this time, the collected buds are not easy to open, full of nutrition, rich in fragrance and good in color. The afternoon harvest should be completed before sunset, because the flowering of honeysuckle is limited by light, and the mature buds will bloom after sunset, which will affect the quality.
Extended data:
Distribution of origin
It is distributed in all provinces of China. South Korea and Japan are also distributed. In North America, it escapes to form intractable weeds. The planting areas of honeysuckle are mainly concentrated in Shandong, Shaanxi, Henan, Hebei, Hubei, Jiangxi, Guangdong and other places. Among them, Pingyi County, Linyi City, Shandong Province is the main producing area of honeysuckle, with the largest planting area, many wild varieties and a long history of about 500,000 mu.
Honeysuckle is mostly wild in wet areas, such as the banks of streams and rivers, wet hillside shrubs and sparse forests. Secondly, Fengqiu honeysuckle has a planting history of 1500 years, which is clearly recorded in the Record of Famous Doctors written by Tao Hongjing, a famous doctor in Liang Dynasty. 1984 the planting area of honeysuckle in fengqiu county has reached 10028 mu, and the highest purchasing amount of honeysuckle in that year was more than 250,000 kilograms.
Baidu encyclopedia-honeysuckle