2. Fertilizer and water management: in the year of planting, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer is mainly applied to promote the rapid growth of plants. Before germination, 15kg effective nitrogen fertilizer was applied to 667m2 to promote neat and robust germination. At the initial flowering stage, topdressing phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer at 667m2 15kg promoted the growth of new shoots and improved the fruit setting rate. Potassium fertilizer was mainly used in the fruit expansion period, and 30kg potassium sulfate was applied to 667m2 to promote fruit development. Applying base fertilizer in mid-October of 65438 10 and applying base fertilizer early can make it play an early role, promote the growth of new roots and be beneficial to the robust growth of trees in the coming year. 667m2, 4000kg of decomposed sheep manure and compound fertilizer 100kg were applied. In the growing season, foliar topdressing should be carried out according to the growth situation. Generally, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 times is sprayed every 10d, and 0.2% borax 1 times is sprayed before flowering.
3. Combination of irrigation and fertilization. Combined with fertilization and irrigation when budding 1 time; Water 1 time before flowering, control water during flowering, and the last 1 time before flowering should be carried out one week before flowering; During fruit expansion, 1 time irrigation combined with fertilization; Water control during fruit ripening,1water before freezing in October 1 1 time. At other times, water according to soil moisture.
4. Flower and fruit management: Sunshine Rose Grape has strong fruit-bearing ability and high fruit-setting rate, and some redundant inflorescences should be thinned before flowering. The fruiting branches with strong growth potential have 2 inflorescences per branch, the middle branches have 65,438+0 inflorescences, and the weak branches have no inflorescences, which are only used for auxiliary maintenance and renewal. 7 ~ 10 days before flowering, the ear began to elongate, except for several long meristematic spikelets at the base of the ear, and the remaining basal branches were pruned by 2~3cm. Pinch off the top of the spike at the early flowering stage, with a length of 1~2cm.
5, plastic pruning: the cultivation of the sunshine rose grape hedge is mainly based on natural sector pruning. Pruning in winter is generally carried out from about 1 month after defoliation in autumn to about 20 days before germination in the following year. Pruning too early or too late will cause serious damage to trees, loss of nutrients and weak plant growth. According to the strength of the tree and the length of the bearing branches, pruning methods are adopted: strong vines stay long, weak vines stay short, upper vines stay long, and lower branches stay short. The growth secondary branches of 1 year-old main vine are all knocked out, only one trunk is left, and 2~3 buds are left for each fruiting branch of the fruit tree, which is weakened, preserved and promoted after budding. Pay attention to timely and reasonable renewal of branches and vines, regulate vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and prevent the fruiting parts from moving up. In the germination stage, the new buds within 50cm from the ground should be smeared in time, and after about 10d, the new buds with weak growth, abnormal growth and improper position should be smeared for the second time. Picking new shoots in time 3 ~ 5 days before flowering can improve the fruit setting rate. Except that there are 3~4 leaves at the top of the vegetative branches, all the other branches are smoothed. Results 3~4 leaves were left in the top secondary branch for repeated coring, 1 leaf was left in the secondary branch of the spike, and all the secondary branches of the spike were erased.
6. Pest control: In the year of planting, focus on the control of black pox and downy mildew. When the main shoot is 50cm long, it can be sprayed with 1∶0.5∶200 times of bordeaux solution every 15d to prevent diseases. If black pox occurs in early stage, it can be controlled by 600~800 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 600~800 times of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder and 600~800 times of 25% Shi Baogong EC. If downy mildew occurs during growth, 20% dimethomorph suspension can be used for 800~ 1200 times and 40% ethyl phosphate wettable powder for 200~300 times. The following measures can be taken to prevent and control pests and diseases: (1) After pruning in winter, clear the garden comprehensively, sweep away litter, and burn it centrally to reduce the source of overwintering bacteria. (2) Wipe buds, pick kernels and prune fruit branches in time to improve ventilation and light transmission conditions. (3) Increase the application of organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and control the application of nitrogen fertilizer to enhance the disease resistance of plants. (4) chemical control, namely spraying 3-5 times of stone sulfur mixture before germination. After the grape leaves are fully spread, spraying 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 800~ 1000 times phoxim 1000 times to treat pests at the same time. After the rainy season comes, 70% thiophanate methyl, 80% mancozeb, 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder can be sprayed alternately to delay the emergence of drug resistance.