After being bitten by a dog, the wound should be treated strictly within two hours. For example: use acupuncture to prick the skin around the wound and try your best to squeeze out the bleeding or use a cupping cup to pull out the poison. Then rinse with 20% soapy water or 0.1% chlormethionine for half an hour, and then rinse with plenty of water. Then use soju or 5% iodine or 75% alcohol to repeatedly cauterize the wound. If the wound is close to the head, anti-rabies immune serum should be infiltrated into or around the wound to vaccinate against rabies as soon as possible. If the injury is serious, anti-rabies immune serum should be added at the same time, and tetanus antitoxin or toxoid should be given as needed.

If the rabies vaccine cannot be injected immediately after being bitten by a dog, if the bite is within 10 days, regular rabies vaccination should be carried out. If the bite area is on the head, face, neck or by a rabid dog, even if a long time has passed, the rabies vaccine should be actively vaccinated and anti-rabies immune serum or immune globulin should be injected at the same time. The dose of rabies vaccine for children is the same as for adults. If the rabies vaccine is injected a long time after being bitten, it will probably not prevent the onset of rabies. Therefore, rabies vaccination is generally not performed after several months after being bitten by a dog

About being bitten by a dog There is no scientific basis for saying that hair cannot be cut for 00 days.

If you are bitten by a dog, you should get a rabies vaccine as soon as possible. (I have seen a 6-year-old child who was bitten by a dog with a wound as big as a needle tip, but did not pay attention to it at the time, and later died of rabies)

Inject rabies vaccine as soon as possible. Rabies vaccine should be injected as soon as possible after being bitten by an animal, the sooner the better. The best time to get your first vaccination is within 48 hours of being bitten. The specific injection time is: one dose (2 ml) of vaccine is injected intramuscularly on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 30 respectively. "0" refers to the day when the first dose is injected (and so on for the rest). If the vaccine cannot be injected in time due to many factors, the rabies vaccine should be used based on the principle of "early injection is better than late injection, and late injection is better than no injection at all".

Anyone bitten by an animal suspected of being infected with rabies virus should also be vaccinated. Animals can infect each other with rabies virus due to fighting and biting, so humans can also be infected with rabies after being bitten.

Therefore, for the sake of safety, anyone bitten by a dog or other animal must be treated as a rabies bite and be vaccinated against rabies in a timely manner.

Precautions

During the vaccination period, be careful not to drink alcohol, strong tea, or coffee; and do not eat irritating foods, such as peppers, onions, garlic, etc.; At the same time, avoid catching cold, strenuous exercise or excessive fatigue to prevent colds.

Special reminder

Dog owners should be particularly reminded that canine distemper, rabies, canine parvovirus enteritis, infectious hepatitis and leptospirosis are some of the common diseases in dogs. Severe infectious diseases, among which rabies is a disease of humans and animals, has a very high mortality rate. At present, there is no reliable treatment for these diseases. The most effective way is to vaccinate dogs timely and effectively. Dog owners must not be careless or take any chances. Generally speaking, puppies should be vaccinated with the above vaccines once between 6 and 9 weeks of age, and various single vaccines can be injected at the same time; again at 12 to 14 weeks of age, and once a year thereafter.

Once bitten by a dog or cat, it is important to provide on-site rescue work. Anyone bitten by a dog or cat, whether it is a mad dog, a sick cat, or a normal dog or cat (according to literature reports, a considerable number of normal dogs and cats have rabies virus in their saliva), do not rush to the hospital See a doctor for diagnosis and treatment, but wash the wound immediately, on the spot, and thoroughly. If you can't find a water source, you can even use human urine instead of clean water to rinse, and then try to find a water source.

First, wash the wound quickly. Every second counts to wash away the rabies virus from the wound as quickly as possible. Because over time, the virus enters human tissue, invades the central nervous system along the nerves, and kills people. The second is to be thorough. Since the wounds bitten by dogs and cats are often small on the outside and deep on the inside, this requires that when flushing, the wound should be expanded as much as possible to fully expose it, and the soft tissue around the wound should be squeezed hard, and the flushing water should be large and the water flow should be fast. It is best to rinse quickly with running water from the tap. Third, wounds should not be bandaged. Except for a few large wounds that damage blood vessels and require hemostasis, no medication or bandaging is generally required because the rabies virus is anaerobic and will grow in large numbers in the absence of oxygen.

After repeated washing of the wound, send it to the hospital for further wound washing (remember to wash the wound carefully when you go to the hospital), and then receive a rabies vaccine. What is particularly important to point out here is that you must never leave the wound untreated after being bitten by a dog or cat. What is even more wrong is not only not washing the wound, but applying red liquid and wrapping it with gauze, which is even more harmful. Avoid long distances. Instead of trekking to a large hospital for treatment, the wound should be washed immediately, on the spot, and thoroughly, and the rabies vaccine should be injected within 24 hours.

How to deal with a dog bite? The "pet fever" in recent years has caused an increase in the incidence of rabies in some areas. The main source of rabies infection is dogs, followed by cats. In addition, there are many wild animals that can transmit rabies.

Sometimes animals do not get sick, but because they carry rabies virus, these seemingly "healthy" animals can cause rabies to humans if they bite them. There are even cases of people being infected with rabies without being bitten by a dog. Its high case fatality rate means that the vast majority of people suffering from this disease will not be cured. To address the issues that readers are concerned about, the reporter interviewed Zhang Xuechun, the physician in charge of the immunization clinic of the Planned Immunization Clinic of the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Rabies virus is most abundant in saliva. Rabies virus is mainly found in the saliva of animals, with the highest concentration, and its secretions also contain small amounts of the virus. If a person gets close to them or is bitten by one, they can contract the virus. But being infected with the virus does not mean that you will definitely get sick. If the amount of virus you catch is not large, the virulence is not strong, and the body's immunity is strong, you may not get sick and become a latent infection. The incidence of rabies is extremely low. The virulence of the rabies virus is very strong. Once the virus enters the human body, it mainly attacks the brain and nervous tissue, and travels along the direction of the human nerves, so the targets of the attack spread to include the cerebellum, spine, kidneys , viscera and almost all nervous tissues, leading to central nervous failure, so it is almost impossible to rescue, and the mortality rate is quite high. However, the incidence of rabies is extremely low, and once the disease occurs, death is almost 100%. But rabid animals are not the only ones that carry the virus. Seemingly healthy dogs and cats can also carry rabies. Rabies vaccine is not a one-time solution. Rabies is not contagious between people. Dr. Zhang said that at present, the epidemic prevention department mainly focuses on prevention. If you care for rabies patients and have been exposed to the saliva of rabies patients, we also recommend that they receive rabies vaccination. Rabies vaccination after being scratched or bitten by a cat or dog mainly targets the bite, but is not a once-and-for-all preventive measure. Because there is a wound on the body, it is just a therapeutic vaccination. After the vaccination, the antibodies produced in the body are only a preventive measure before the wound. People who have not been bitten by cats or dogs can also be vaccinated against rabies. They can go to the health and epidemic prevention station to get vaccinated according to certain procedures. The timing and frequency of vaccinations vary. The purpose of vaccination in advance is to play a preventive role before being bitten. If you are bitten in the future, you don’t need to take so many vaccines. Taking a small amount of vaccines will quickly produce antibodies, thereby reducing the patient’s incidence and reducing the risk of infection. number of future vaccinations. The protective and anti-epidemic function of vaccines can generally reach more than 98%, and the effect is still very good. But the premise is that the vaccination must be a qualified vaccine that meets the requirements of the World Health Organization. Since everyone's situation is different and there are certain individual differences, this is why the protection probability is not 100%. Use soapy water to clean the wound promptly. Dr. Zhang pointed out that after being bitten by a dog, the wound should be treated carefully. First, the dirty blood should be squeezed out. Don't let the blood stay in the wound, otherwise it will easily cause infection. If the wound is small, you can first clean the wound with soapy water, then rinse it with water, and finally apply some iodine. If the wound is large or difficult to handle by yourself, it is best to go to the hospital for treatment. The vaccine is injected at the epidemic prevention station, and the doctor will perform some necessary treatment based on the condition of the wound and the situation of the biting animal.

Once bitten or scratched by an animal, the wound should be cleaned and disinfected promptly on the spot, or the wound should be treated at the hospital; at the same time, the rabies vaccine should be injected at the local health and epidemic prevention station in a timely manner. Otherwise, rabies may develop in the future. The incubation period of the disease ranges from 10 days to a year, usually 2-3 months. This disease is extremely dangerous, with a case fatality rate of almost 100%, and death occurs 2 to 6 days after onset.

Precautions for dog vaccinations

◎Before the injection, you should observe whether the health of your dog is good. It is best to check for parasites, such as illness, malnutrition, etc. Neither is suitable for injection.

◎Pay attention to the vaccine expiration date and choose a reliable brand.

◎When injecting, please have the veterinary student from the operating hospital sign the health booklet and indicate the type of vaccine.

◎It takes 2-3 weeks after the injection to develop the proper resistance. During this period, proper care should be taken and bathing and cold should be avoided. If you feel unwell, you should be sent to a doctor for treatment.

◎After injection, a sufficient amount of multiple vitamins (especially folic acid and pantothenic acid) should be provided.

◎Factors for poor effectiveness of dog vaccinations:

1. The dog’s own immune system is not perfect.

2. Latent infection or complications.

3. The dog is in poor physical condition (if there are internal parasites).

4. The timing of injection is wrong.

5. Failure to follow the time added.

6. Other reasons (bathing, cold, etc.).

Types and timing of vaccinations for dogs

The first vaccination before the dog reaches 3-4 weeks of age is DHL. Wait one week and then the first dose of vaccine is boosted by the six-in-one vaccine. , 28-30 days from the date of injection of the six-in-one vaccine, the second injection of the vaccine is also the six-in-one vaccine, and the third injection after 30-35 days is the six-in-one vaccine plus rabies vaccine, and then the full day is calculated from the last injection date You can inject one dose of six-in-one plus rabies vaccine every year!

If you start to inject the first vaccine at 5--9 weeks of age, you need to inject DHL+CPV vaccine, and one week later, inject six-in-one vaccine, and other The injection date is the same as the above introduction for 3-4 weeks of age!

If the dog is three months old, the first injection of vaccine will start with the six-in-one vaccine, and other injection dates are the same as the above introduction!

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Remarks:

Dogs over one year old can receive a booster dose of DHL+CPV vaccine (especially female dogs) to increase the dog’s own immune function!

Rabies needs to be injected once every 1 year

※DHL-canine distemper Heat, canine infectious hepatitis, canine leptospirosis

※CPV—viral hemorrhagic enteritis

※Six-in-one—canine distemper, canine infectious hepatitis type 2, canine Leptospira type 2, viral hemorrhagic enteritis

Rabies

Precautions after vaccination (commonly known as vaccination)

After vaccination, 2 --It takes 3 weeks to achieve complete immunity. During this period, the dog must avoid the following situations (such as changing the environment, changing food, bathing, strenuous exercise, contact with sick dogs, long-distance transportation or plastic surgery, etc.) And please pay special attention to climate change.

Any puppy should receive vaccinations against canine distemper (canine distemper, measles), canine infectious hepatitis, rabies, transmissible gastroenteritis, canine leptospirosis (canine leptospirosis) (typhoid fever) and other infectious diseases, livestock owners should take their dogs to a reliable livestock hospital run by a veterinarian who has passed the national examination to receive this preventive work, and accept the advice provided by some qualified veterinarians, and regularly strengthen the prevention work Injection to ensure your dog’s life. At the same time, ask your doctor to give you a copy of the types and schedule of vaccinations.

PS. The latest vaccines are eight-in-one and nine-in-one. The former is made in the Netherlands, and the latter is made in France and the United States. The antigens in each vaccine are basically the same, but rabies is not included. .Babesiosis of Dogs. Three anti-canine antigens for Lymes disese!

The content of the eight-in-one package is: Canine Distemper + Infectious Canine Hepatitis Canine Hepatitis type 2 + Canine Parainfluenza + Canine Coronavirus Enteritis + Canine Leptospirosis type 2 + Canine Parvovirus Enteritis*** Eight kinds!

Nine-in-one content is: Canine Distemper + Infectious Canine Hepatitis + Canine Parainfluenza + Canine Coronavirus Enteritis (Canine Coronavirus Enteritis) + Canine Leptospirosis type 2 + Canine Parvovirus Enteritis + Canine Hemorrhagic icterus + Canine infectious bronchitis (infectious Tracheobroncheitis) *** Nine types , (reduce type 1 canine hepatitis C antigen)

It is recommended that if the puppy has never been vaccinated, start with the six-in-one injection, and then give the last dose of eight-in-one or nine-in-one. If you administer 8-in-1 or 9-in-1, you must wait 25-30 days before injecting rabies vaccine!

Adult dogs should be directly injected with 8-in-1 or 9-in-1 every year!

The interval between administration of imported vaccines requires at least 25 days, because imported vaccines are different from domestic vaccines in that they have low-toxicity antigens. It takes three to four weeks to allow the dog's immune system to integrate with the vaccine antigens before administering the next dose. This way, the body In order to stimulate resistance to the virus, if the interval between vaccinations is too short, the vaccine antigens will conflict and the vaccine antigens will be damaged, which will reduce the effectiveness of the vaccine!

Vaccine , a wolf in sheep's clothing?

What exactly is a vaccine? I am afraid that except for professional veterinarians, it is difficult for ordinary pet owners to explain clearly. Everyone thinks that vaccines are good medicines, but they do not know that vaccines are actually a virus that has been weakened and reduced in activity.

How can viruses prevent diseases in dogs and cats? Wouldn't injecting viruses into healthy dogs and cats attract wolves into the house? The viruses used as vaccines are specially cultured and processed with technology, and their activity is much lower than that of normal viruses. When this vaccine virus invades the body of dogs and cats, the dogs and cats will develop resistance, because the activity of the vaccine virus is extremely low. , so the dog and cat’s own resistance can defeat the virus, thus ensuring the health of the dog and cat.

The resistance becomes stronger and stronger through the fight against vaccine viruses. In the future, even if normal viruses invade the bodies of dogs and cats, dogs and cats will be able to deal with them easily.

A review of vaccine types:

There are many types of dog vaccines on the market, which can be divided into dog vaccines, cat vaccines and vaccines for both dogs and cats. Commonly used vaccines include canine cough vaccine (Netherlands Intervet), canine six-part vaccine (canine distemper, infectious hepatitis, adenovirus, parainfluenza, leptospira and parvovirus) (Netherlands Intervet, American Ford, France Vic) and canine seven-part vaccine (Intervet, the Netherlands).

Tips1: Cat vaccines: Feline triple vaccine prevents feline distemper, feline rhinotracheitis, and feline calicivirus (Interview of the Netherlands, Fudao of the United States, and VIC of France)

Vaccine for dogs and cats: Rabies vaccine (Internet from the Netherlands, Fudao from the United States, VIC from France)

Tips2: Currently, except for the seven-link vaccine which is 110 yuan/shot, the other vaccines on the market are priced at 60 yuan. /needle(import).

Create an immunization schedule for your dog:

Vaccinations must strictly follow the immunization schedule set by the animal doctor. Injecting vaccines too early will not protect the puppy Healthy, it will destroy the efficacy of maternal antibodies and have the opposite effect.

Puppy Immunization Plan

Dog Age and Required Immunizations

Intranasal Immunization Canine Cough Vaccine 30 days after the dog is born

The dog is born with the first six-linked vaccine injection at 7-8 weeks

The dog is born with the second six-linked vaccine injection at 11-12 weeks

The dog is born at 14-15 weeks The third six-linked vaccine and rabies vaccine

After your dog goes through this immunization plan, what you need to do in the future is to inject one shot of six-linked vaccine and one shot of rabies vaccine every year, so that your dog can Dogs say goodbye to those threatening infectious diseases.

Tips1: The first injection of cat vaccine (cat triple vaccine) is given when the cat is 3 months old, and the second injection of cat triple vaccine is given after 20 weeks. Injections will be given once a year thereafter.

Tips2: Maternal antibodies refer to the antibodies that newborn puppies obtain through the mother’s body and colostrum. Maternal antibodies can ensure that puppies develop resistance to diseases within a period of time after birth. When maternal antibodies disappear, vaccines must be relied on to enable puppies to obtain antibodies.

Can domestic vaccines and imported vaccines be mixed?

If the dog cannot find the brand of vaccine used in the first immunization during the second immunization, can it be replaced by another brand of vaccine? The answer is yes. Even if an imported vaccine is used for the first immunization, if the same vaccine cannot be found for the second immunization, a domestic vaccine can be used. Because whether it is China or the United States, the virus for the same disease is the same.

Why are the doses of vaccines not determined according to weight?

If you observe carefully, you will find that doctors always use one shot whether they are vaccinating puppies of large dogs such as St. Bernard and Great Pyrenees or small dogs such as Pomeranians and Chihuahuas. Dosage, why is the dose of the injection vaccine not determined according to body weight? In fact, no matter the size of the dog, only one dose of vaccine should be injected for each immunization. Because each dose of vaccine contains the same amount of virus, the body will produce an equal number of antibodies, so the dose of the vaccine has nothing to do with body weight.

Can injecting a vaccine into a pregnant female dog immunize the puppies?

It is absolutely forbidden to vaccinate pregnant bitches, otherwise it may cause miscarriage. When animals are pregnant, they have very high antibodies in their bodies and generally do not suffer from infectious diseases and do not need to be vaccinated.

Are there any dangers to dogs from vaccinations?

Normally, there is no danger to dogs when vaccinated, but it will be life-threatening for dogs to be vaccinated when they are sick. Therefore, be sure to ask a veterinarian to check your dog's body before injecting the vaccine.

It is normal for animals to experience increased body temperature, depression, loss of appetite, pain, etc. after vaccination, and will usually pass within 24 hours.

However, if you experience itching all over your body or facial swelling, you may have an allergy, and you will need to go to the hospital for a desensitization injection