Electrocauterization: Using the principles of electric heating and high-temperature cauterization, moles caused by cauterization and carbonization are removed.
Advantages: simple operation.
Disadvantages: it is difficult to control the degree of burning, leaving scars easily and unacceptable.
Indications: It is effective for superficial combined nevus and deep and prominent combined nevus with a diameter of 0.3-0.5 cm.
Surgical resection: surgical resection of diseased tissue around nevus.
Advantages: this method can choose to partially or completely remove the diseased tissue, and different treatment methods can be carried out according to the nature of hydatidiform mole.
Disadvantages: it is difficult and takes a lot of time. This method is rarely used in general moles.
Indications: large and prominent nevus with a diameter greater than 0.6 cm.
Chemical etching method: generally, 50% triazene carbonic acid solution or sodium hydroxide and other alkaline agents are applied to the nevus.
Advantages: Triazole carbonic acid solution is not easy to burn the skin and cause scars; Alkaline solution is corrosive and may take effect soon.
Disadvantages: triazole carbonic acid solution acts slowly, and the deeper mole may be 10 times; Sodium hydroxide is not easy to control the corrosion depth, and it is easy to cause deep scars.
Indications: Nevus with light color and light position.
Freezing method: freeze with liquid nitrogen, so that the tissue of pigmented nevus is frozen at high speed, and the cells around pigmented nevus form water sores, and then fall off on their own.
Advantages: The depth of the injury is relatively easy to master, usually once, and it is not easy to cause obvious scars.
Disadvantages: large and thick moles can only be taken out after repeated freezing, and special instruments must be equipped, and the doctor's skills are also very important. Because depth control is not easy, it often causes injuries, so now dermatology does not need to treat moles.
Indications: Flat nevus with a diameter of 0.3-0.5 cm, including freckles.
Principle of laser Dot mole method: Pigment tissue is instantly crushed and decomposed by the huge energy of laser, and is swallowed up and excreted by macrophages, thus achieving the purpose of removing pigment.
Methods: At present, laser can be used to remove superficial nevus, such as ruby laser and erbium laser. If it is a large and deep mole, it should be removed by carbon dioxide ultra-pulse laser.
Advantages: Laser nevus removal can control the best spot size and depth, and it is not easy to leave scars and infections.
Disadvantages: there are no shortcomings, which are accepted by most people and are popular at present.
Indications: Most of them can be used, including deep and shallow nevus.
Excision and flap transfer:
It is suitable for patients with pigmented nevus whose area is small, but it is difficult to suture directly after excision, and the surrounding normal skin tissue is loose. It can be used for wound transfer and repair after excision of pigmented nevus, and there is no obvious secondary deformity by direct suture of donor site. It is also suitable for wound repair after excision of various plaque lesions on the face. According to the characteristics of wound and surrounding skin tissue, the following local flaps can be selected for transfer and repair.
Who is not suitable for mole removal?
1, patients with skin cancer;
2. People who have recently received or may receive sunlight;
3. Photosensitive skin and recent use of photosensitive drugs;
4. Patients with scar constitution and skin infection at the site to be treated;
5. Patients with epilepsy, diabetes and patients with bleeding tendency;
6. Pregnant women.
The laser should be mature and won't leave scars. We can wait until we are older.