Types of cutting leaves
There are many kinds of leaves, and the shape of leaves is gradually formed and fixed to meet the growth needs of plants under certain ecological conditions, so the shape and texture change greatly and the selectivity is strong. At present, the single or compound leaves of ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms are mostly used for arranging flowers and cutting leaves. According to the state of planting and the shape of leaves, they can be divided into linear leaves, massive leaves and scattered leaves.
Linear leaf material Linear leaf material can form the outline or basic frame of flowers. Such as most ferns, sundew, New Zealand hemp, tiger tail orchid, bear grass, cycad and so on.
In flower arrangement, block-shaped leaves are generally used as focus or overlap, bedding and modeling. The leaves commonly used in flower arrangement are in the form of large pieces, such as hawksbill bamboo, Liriodendron, brown bamboo, lotus leaf, banana leaf, spring feather and octagonal gold plate. This kind of leaf material has a large area, a sense of weight, and is mostly placed among flowers, which plays a great role and forms a part of natural ecology.
Loose-leaf materials Loose-leaf materials, such as Pinus bungeana, Asparagus, Asparagus, Milan, Willow in Snow, Shanxi, Nephropathy, etc., have small leaf shapes and are mostly inserted in the gaps between flowers, which have the functions of filling transition and balance, increasing layering and weakening overweight treatment. If these leaves are inserted properly, they can control the theme, give full play to the main features and add color to the work, such as the expression on the face.
Modeling elements and treatment skills of blade cutting
Any flower shape is composed of three elements: flower sense, shape and color, and leaf cutting is no exception.
Texture texture is the feeling given by the characteristics of the object surface, and it is one of the most important elements to examine flowers in modern floral design. There are many kinds of plant leaves, with different textures, some are rigid, some are soft, some are rough and some are delicate. For example, the leaves of bamboo, spring feather and rubber banyan are large and shiny, which have the effect of massiness and carving; Bananas with big leaves also give people a soft and beautiful feeling, and their faces are big but not proud; Figs, willows, bamboos and other branches are slender and dense, with a sense of depth and space; The branches and leaves of asparagus and pine and cypress are as fine as clouds, and they have a hazy and elegant feeling. With the same pinnate leaves, the branches of Phoebe bournei are flat and the leaves droop slightly, showing a dignified and quiet posture; The petiole lines of Cycas are firm, the leaves are rigid and full of masculinity; The branches of Solanum nigrum spread upward, which is a thriving atmosphere. When arranging flowers, works of different materials have different styles and tastes, and the charm and depth of collocation are also very obvious. In addition to natural textures, leaves can present various special textures after artificial folding, bending, folding and cutting. For example, fresh leaves will become hard and rough after air drying, and the game, rough taste, dry taste or original flavor will be highlighted. We must carefully observe and master the texture characteristics of various leaves and use them flexibly.
Of course, flower arrangement works should also pay attention to the coordination of leaf material sense and flower material sense, in order to produce a natural and smooth effect. Improper coordination, far-fetched and even self-defeating. For example, pine leaves with chrysanthemums are more harmonious than carnations.
Form is the basic shape of cutting leaves, and posture is the posture born on the branches. The shapes of plant leaves vary greatly, and each has its own characteristics. It is interesting to appreciate them carefully. For example, there are not only deep pinnate cracks on the leaves of Phyllostachys pubescens, but also oval holes with different sizes and disorder, which are wonderful and beautiful. The leaves of the spring feather are wide and heart-shaped, and the feathers are completely cracked, showing a bold and unrestrained, open style and extraordinary movement; The leaves of Guanyin lotus are wide halberd-shaped, looking from a distance, like a butterfly flying leisurely. On its dark green leaves, the silvery white main vein has both the shape of a sheep and the symbol of ancient coins and currencies.
Taking the work Butterfly Rhyme as an example, the leaves of water shield are heart-shaped and uneven, which seems to be covered with wrinkles. Among the many flat leaves, people can't help but want to smooth them. The branches and leaves of asparagus are as slender as feathers, beautiful and pretty, as hazy as yarn, like the love of a young woman; The leaves of the green bell are spherical, like a string of green pearls.
Broad leaves can be regarded as plane, and common ones are green radish, yellow-leafed fig, octagonal golden plate, tortoise-backed bamboo, spring feather and so on. Some leaves are flat, some are wrinkled, undulating, perforated or cracked, and they have various shapes, which can be enriched by processing, curling, folding or tearing, and enhance the connotation of floral works. As long as the author has a deep understanding and correct use of all kinds of flower materials, including leaf materials, he can make his works reflect flowers and leaves, obtain a deeper and more perfect artistic expression, and even produce unexpected effects.
Linear leaf materials can be divided into straight lines, curves, thick lines, thin lines, rigid lines, flexible lines and other forms and qualities, each with different expressive force. For example, straight and rigid lines show masculinity and exuberant vitality, while curved and flexible lines have a sense of swaying, lightness, softness and elegance. They are expressive and often play a skeleton role in composition, which is the basic skeleton of flower outline. It is the main flower material that determines the height proportion of the work. Especially for large-scale works, it is difficult to reach a certain height and length without linear blades. Many linear flower materials, especially in oriental flower arrangement, also play the role of moving pictures, producing various beautiful postures and lively spaces. Brown bamboo leaves can be trimmed into a fan shape or grow into short and uneven shapes, showing irregular and lively beauty, such as the work Heming Crane.
In flower arrangement, many cut leaves are often trimmed and processed into various shapes, that is, the original natural shape of flower materials is changed to meet the needs of composition and theme expression. Sometimes the cut leaves are too big, too long, or dim in shape and lack of change. The following methods can be used to transform them:
Pruning natural leaves, in order to show its beauty incisively and vividly, in line with the designer's idea, must learn to prune. For example, the pruning of Bambusa bambusa in the work Expression of Face highlights the beauty of cracks in Bambusa bambusa leaves and fully expresses the rich and beautiful feelings of the face.
Bending modeling of leaves requires that leaves present unnatural shapes. Soft leaves or hard leaves can be treated by techniques (such as pruning, tearing, curling, bending, weaving, binding, decoration, perforation, sewing, etc.). ) bend the original leaves into strips.
Color-leafed plants have a variety of leaves, including dark green, light green, bright green, dark green, dark green, gray green and so on. For example, the dark green of tortoise-backed bamboo, the green of weeping fig, the moist green of spring feathers, the dark green of bamboo and banana with dense leaves and the bright green of nest fern. Of course, the depth of leaf color is also related to the intensity of light where the work is placed. When the light is strong, the color of leaves will be lighter; When the light is weak, the leaves will be darker. For plants, there is more than one color on the leaves. Although some plants have green leaves, they often have colored spots, such as white, yellow, brown and red as white spots, mottled green radish, various mottled evergreen, spotted cardinals coral, golden heart or Cycas Phnom Penh. Other plants have bright colors such as red and yellow in different shadows at the same time, such as colored bamboo and banana, colored taro and variable leaf wood.
If the colors of leaves and flowers can be arranged reasonably in the creation of flower arrangement, especially the coordination between color points and fresh cut flowers, it will help to express the theme and atmosphere, and make the work icing on the cake and more stylish, such as dance.
Performance and function of leaf cutting in flower arrangement modeling. Only by putting them in front of a green background or supporting them on a green background will they be more eye-catching and gorgeous, and will they be more in line with the natural ecology of flowers, making flower arrangement works more plump and full of vitality.
Covering with flower mud is a low-level mistake in floral creation of floral works. Covering flower mud with leaves is both natural and beautiful, and it also expresses the charm of natural ecology on the basis of green.
In order to create artistic beauty, different paper-cut materials are processed and shaped, and properly applied to the works, which can stimulate the audience's infinite imagination and express the creative theme more deeply. Generally speaking, there are two ways to express the theme:
One is to express nature in a general and abstract artistic way. For example, two pieces of banana Ye Xiu are cut into polygons, like raised sails, which have the potential to ride the wind and waves; Put two leaves horizontally and vertically, just like a boat floating on the Lijiang River; Tear off the leaves of large-scale mallow, make the connected leaves linear, bend them gently with your hands, that is, they become soft and dancing, and insert two red birds behind them, as if flying in a green forest; The leaves and anticline of Celastrus orbiculatus are inserted, and the prominent tip is like a mountain peak, which leaves room for the left and right groups of leaves and makes the forest feel layered. Compared with the soft calamus, the tall and straight Millennium orchid presents a landscape of both rigidity and flexibility. Use two flat evergreen leaves to represent the cloud, and use curved vines to represent the dragon, symbolizing the dragon walking through the cloud.
The second is to express the theme realistically. For example, the body parts of the phoenix are inserted with leaves of Chinese cymbidium and Cycas, which are lifelike; The leaves of Brazilian iron with golden heart are laid flat on the hemp net, representing an endless river, and the leaves of Brazilian wood rolled up next to them are quite vivid like whirlpools in the water; Tear the sword leaves into thin strips and hang them on the banana leaves, as if the rain fell from the banana leaves like a line when it rained; Surround the houses in southern Anhui with four banana leaves, leaving a small courtyard in the middle, which is very vivid; Cymbidium leaves are made into circles and linked with each other to make window lattice flowers. Cymbidium, like a group of butterflies looking for fragrance, flew into the house from the window one after another.
There are many ways to express the theme by cutting leaves. First, we should deeply understand the image, temperament and color characteristics of leaves, and then combine imagination and skills perfectly to make the works sublimate and full of creativity.
The beauty of green leaves lies in its posture, its curve and its color. Flower arrangement can not be separated from leaf cutting, and it will always be the best first supporting role, giving flower arrangement works rich connotations. Proper use of paper-cutting can strengthen and contrast the theme of the work, making the work more artistic and poetic. At all times and all over the world, leaf cutting is essential in all kinds of floral genres, large and small. Although it is not the protagonist, it can shape the soul of the work. This is the style of leaf cutting!