Pruning method of honeysuckle bonsai 1 Selection of honeysuckle pile head
Although there are all kinds of honeysuckle piles in nature, not many are suitable for bonsai. Therefore, we should try our best to choose stumps with developed root system, strong dry shape, thick and simple, curved and varied, short and compact tree shape, thick and short internodes and natural contraction and transition.
Second, the pruning method of honeysuckle
1, for honeysuckle pruning, many flower friends are afraid to start, for fear of pruning wrong. Honeysuckle pruning flower friends should know what kind of trees they want to prune, and then they can start according to their own honeysuckle. The key to pruning honeysuckle lies in your own goals.
2. If honeysuckle is to be cultivated into a tree structure with only one trunk, then the new buds at the bottom of the plant need to be cut off, and the new buds sprouting at the upper part of the trunk need not be taken care of for the time being.
3. If the new branch at the bottom of the main branch is thick and valuable, it can be reserved as appropriate (depending on personal preference) for later reproduction. For example, the thick branches sprouting at the bottom of the trunk can be reused when they grow up in the future, and new plants can be propagated through layering.
Third, honeysuckle pruning time:
1, honeysuckle bonsai can be planted, trimmed and shaped from winter to the next year before germination. According to the needs of bonsai modeling, generally 3-5 main branches are left, 2-3 buds are left for each branch, and all other branches are cut off, which is the key to ensure rapid prototyping. In addition, after each flowering, pruning and shaping must be combined with fertilization in time to achieve the ornamental effect of multiple flowering.
2. second, pick the heart and wipe the bud. It is very important to wipe buds and pick up cores of honeysuckle bonsai. According to the growth characteristics and modeling needs of honeysuckle, the buds should be wiped several times a year. Especially in early spring, every node of honeysuckle is covered with uneven buds. Be good at identifying them at this time. First, we should promptly erase the overgrown and tangled branches and buds in the future and firmly control them during the growth process; The second is to erase the twigs and buds that can't bloom in the future, so as not to affect their ventilation and light transmission; Thirdly, only the buds of ordinary growing branches can bloom normally in the future, which are generally cut off about 20cm after becoming branches, and most branches can blossom and have many flowers. For individual long branches that affect the tree shape, you can pick the core first to ensure that the tree shape is compact, ventilated and transparent, and there are no entangled branches.
Method of making honeysuckle bonsai 1. The source of the stump
1. Sowing and propagation. 65438+ 10 Harvest the ripe fruits from August to June, wash the peels with clear water, take out the seeds to dry, and then bag them and store them in sand at low temperature until the following spring. Sow in late March to early April. Soak the seeds in warm water at 25℃ for one day before sowing, then put them in a cloth bag and keep them indoors with straw (straw, thatch, etc.). ). When the seeds are exposed for more than 65,438+0/3, they are sown in loose and fertile sandy soil with good drainage, and emerge about 65,438+00 days after sowing. Transplanted in the nursery in the spring of the following year, usually potted after 5 years of sowing.
2. Cutting propagation. In the middle and late June, the complete semi-lignified branches of that year were used as cuttings for cutting, each with a length of about 15~20cm. When the cuttings are inserted, keep the seedbed soil moist, and I will spray it on the cuttings, and it will take root in about 25 days. Transplanted to nursery in the following spring, potted four years later.
3. Propagation by ramets. In spring and autumn, the roots of seedlings growing from the roots of mother plants are dug out (separated by sharp knives), transplanted into nurseries with roots, and cultivated in pots for 4 years.
4. Layered replication. In spring and autumn, take long branches from the mother plant and bury them in soil about 5 cm long and 2 ~ 3 cm deep to keep the soil moist so as to take root in the autumn of that year, plant them in the nursery separately from the mother plant in the spring of the following year and pot them three years later; Or in the rainy season, select vigorous and quaint branches for high pressure, cut off the mother plant after rooting, and cultivate them directly in a pot. This method takes a short time to form.
5. Mining in Shan Ye. Honeysuckle is rich in wild pile resources, which is suitable for digging thick, old, strange and twisted old piles in Shan Ye in early spring, and can achieve the effect of rapid prototyping. The method of excavation is to cut off the branches and store them, moderately trim the upper part of the ground, and keep 1 ~ 2 main branches, then pull open the topsoil, find out the growth direction of the main roots, and excavate patiently and carefully along the direction of the main roots. This will help protect the root system and reduce the damage. After the stump is dug up, it should be put into a cloth bag in time, soaked in water (or wrapped with wet straw, cattail, cloth, moss and other materials to keep the roots moist), and then transported back to plant.
Second, the cultivation of honeysuckle stump
Honeysuckle is strong, the stem can take root when it touches the ground, and the bare root can be transplanted. The excavated old piles are easy to survive without fibrous roots.
1. Root pruning. The roots of honeysuckle stumps dug in Shan Ye are often very long, so don't cut them short when cultivating, but carefully observe your thoughts. Roots can often be bent, replaced by roots, and then properly trimmed according to the size of the pot and cultivation needs, and then planted in the pot. Don't bend the root too hard to prevent it from breaking. After such treatment, it will be intertwined and very pleasing to the eye.
2. Trim the branches. Honeysuckle is a climbing plant, which is wild in roadside, hillside bushes or sparse forests. It likes winding, often hovering on nearby strips (such as trees and branches), and often has leaves at its tail. Therefore, most of the old piles dug back have no leaves and few branches. Just cut off useless branches, weak branches, pests and diseases, and shorten the main branches appropriately according to the proportion and modeling needs. The stumps dug in the nursery have been cultivated for many years, with lush foliage. It is necessary to prune the branches and leaves properly, so that they are properly dense, orderly, natural and picturesque.
3. Post-treatment after pruning. Honeysuckle stumps are generally transplanted without clods. After pruning, it is best to soak the roots and branches in clean water 1~2 hours to make them absorb enough water and accelerate the germination of new roots and buds. Then, apply white latex to the wound of the branch and dip it with a new clean brush. 3%~0。 Apply 5% potassium permanganate solution to the root wound and plant it in a flowerpot.
Step 4 serve food. Honeysuckle is not picky about soil, but it is best to use mountain mud or mountain mud with appropriate amount of humus and coal cake ash to prepare culture soil. Early spring is the best time to go to the basin. Cliff-style and hanging-branch honeysuckle bonsai should be matched with elegant and beautiful deep pots, which is beneficial to the extension of branches and graceful manners; Curved dry honeysuckle bonsai should be matched with shallow round (oval) or rectangular pottery basin or glaze basin. When loading pots, wash the selected pots first, and then cover 2~3 pieces of broken tiles (pots) on the drainage holes alternately. For deep pots, industrial slag (or broken tiles, pebbles, etc. ) should be used to empty the lower layer, then fill in the culture soil and plant it in the stump. The depth and location of planting should be determined according to the needs and types of pots and pans. The planted pier is filled with solid soil, which is shallow and has good water permeability. Spread moss on the surface of the basin or plant grass such as Cuiyuncao, coriander, lawn grass and horseshoe gold. , can be used for ornament and moisturizing, and then moved to a semi-shady place to keep the basin soil moist, and often spray water on stumps, branches and leaves. Full sunshine management can be carried out after one month, but the number of watering and spraying should be increased. Generally, it will be watered 2~3 times and 4~5 times in sunny days.
5. Processing and molding. Stump modeling should be based on the six meanings of materials and the art of materials. Honeysuckle is generally suitable for bonsai with roots, and can be planted with bare roots in the pot; Or raise the roots by 3 ~ 6cm year by year when turning the pot. Moreover, the stumps planted in deep pots for many years can be separated from the pot soil at the same time, so as not to break the clods and hurt the roots. Instead, plant the stump in a shallow basin slightly larger than the deep basin, and the surrounding gaps should be filled with nutrient soil. After the pile is compacted, the soil between the roots above the basin surface can be washed away by the faucet, and the excess hair roots can be cut off after the roots are exposed.
The shape of honeysuckle bonsai is mainly cliff-shaped or vertical-branched, which can vividly show its dynamic posture. Because its stems and vines are left-handed, its branches can also be shaped by bending and drying, and pruning can be carried out by cutting and storing branches, but it is necessary to avoid too many pruning times in one year, otherwise it will affect the formation of flower buds. For the branches that are not in place, appropriate iron wire can be used to tie them, and the iron wire can be pulled out in time after the branches are lignified and set. Natural shape makes the branches on the pile conform to nature, droop smoothly and have dense branches and leaves; The rational use of blank makes it rich in painting and increases artistic beauty.
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