Wanshan Mountain is full of magnificent autumn scenery.
Aesthetically speaking, sublime beauty is manifested in the external aspect, which is embodied in magnificent scenes such as tall, vast, majestic and magnificent. German philosopher Kant divided sublimity into two categories: mathematical sublimity, such as the volume of mountains; The sublimity of mechanics, such as the momentum of a storm. Chernyshevski, a famous Russian literary critic, also said: "One thing is much bigger than everything compared with it, and that is sublime." Confucius also linked "greatness" with sublimity and praised: "greatness! Yao is the king. This is embarrassing, only the sky is big, this is just embarrassing. " This kind of sublimity, broadness and magnificence is vividly reflected in the description of mountains and rivers in Chairman Mao's poems. Qinyuanchun Changsha is one of the masterpieces.
The first half of the word focuses on scenery. "Independent cold autumn, Xiangjiang North, Orange Island." From the beginning, the author put himself in the broad background of autumn water and sky. At the same time, it also brings readers into a lofty realm of late autumn. Looking from a distance: "The mountains are all red and the forests are all dyed." The author not only saw the maple forest in Yuelu Mountain in front of him, but also thought of Cotinus coggygria in Xiangshan, Beijing, and countless mountains in the motherland that changed from green to red, such as Ubuntu, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Acer, Quercus, Pistacia chinensis, and so on. Mountains and layers of trees let the god of nature touch the colored pens, making them dizzy and more beautiful than the spring flowers that smile in February. Close-up: "The river is overflowing, and a hundred people are fighting for it." Autumn water is clear, Jiang Bibo is in autumn, and the Xiangjiang River at the foot is more crystal clear in autumn, such as green jade and transparent crystal. On the river, Qian Fan is fighting for hair and crossing, silent and full of vitality. Looking up, "the eagle hits the sky", the cloudless autumn sky in Wan Li, and the eagle is brave and strong, flying freely. Looking from afar, "the fish is fragrant and shallow", because of the transparency and shallow bottom of the river, the fish are swinging their fins and swimming at will. In just four short poems, the author depicts a three-dimensional and vast south of Wan Li with colorful autumn colors, just like Guan Shanyue, a famous contemporary Lingnan painter, with colorful landscapes. It is worthy of being the masterpieces of "driving the mountains and setting your eyes on the sea" (Li Bai's "Dangtu Zhao Yan Shaofu's Painting Landscape Songs") and "Talking about Wan Li" (Du Fu's "Song of Wang Zai's Painting Landscape Pictures"). It, together with the northern scenery of "Snow in Wan Li with a thousand miles of ice" described in another poem by the author, is an unprecedented panoramic landscape in classical poetry.
A glorious period in the prime of life
The sublime beauty is manifested in the inner aspect, which is the reflection of a great and noble mind. Ron Girnus of ancient Rome put forward that sublimity is "the echo of a great mind" in his article On Sublime. The second half of the word focuses on lyricism, which is the expression of this great spiritual echo. This expression is first obtained through memory.
"I took a hundred couples to travel and recall the past years." The author thinks of walking, swimming and talking about world events with classmates and friends, and recalls that unforgettable eventful autumn.
This word was written in the late autumn of 1925. This is when Comrade Mao Zedong left Hunan for Guangzhou, which was the center of the revolution. From 19 1 1 to 1925, Comrade Mao Zedong studied, worked and engaged in revolutionary activities in Changsha for many times. During this period, many important events occurred at home and abroad, such as the Revolution of 1911, the First World War, the October Revolution in Russia, the May 4th Movement, and the establishment of the China * * * Production Party. , are all major changes affecting the world situation. Such years are like towering peaks in the mountains of history.
"Just classmates and teenagers, in their prime; The scholar was furious and cursed Fang Qiu. " In these eventful years, the author and his classmates, such as Cai Hesen, He Shuheng, Zhang Kundi and other intellectual youths who are determined to save the country, are full of youth, brilliance, vigor and enthusiasm. The poet skillfully used the artistic conception in Zhuangzi Tian Zifang that "as a human being, one can look up to the sky, dive into the grave, swing the octupole and keep the spirit unchanged" to describe the free and unrestrained mind of young people in the new era liberated from the shackles of old ideas. (Free and unrestrained. Fang Qiu is also full of vigor and vitality. In the past, some people interpreted "reprimand" as a critical refutation and "Fang Qiu" as an expert authority, which is inaccurate. )
"Pointing the way, making bold remarks, manure was in Wan Huhou that year." This is the further concretization of "eventful years" and "reprimanding Fang Qiu". Faced with the beautiful scenery of "all mountains are red all over the place", they not only admire the magnificence of splendid rivers and mountains, but also lament the destruction of great rivers and mountains. Therefore, he published an article to set things right, attacking the darkness, preaching the truth, and despising the "Wan Huhou" at that time-warlords were like dirt. During this period, comrades organized Hunan Students' Federation and Xinmin Society in Changsha, set up evening classes for civilians, cultural bookstores and self-study universities in Hunan, participated in activities against Yuan Shikai's claim to be emperor, and led the expulsion of Zhang and other warlords. In particular, the establishment of Xiangjiang Review and Marxist Research Association made ideological and organizational preparations for the establishment of the China * * * production party in 192 1. These are not only the specific contents of "pointing out the mountains and rivers, inspiring words, and shit is Wan Huhou in those days", but also the background of writing this word. Understanding this background will help us to further understand the beautiful light of the revolutionary's lofty mind shining in his ci.
Hit the water in the middle of the stream, and the cloud in the tube.
"Young people should take the cloud to heart." (Li He's "To Drink") The poet and his companions' worries about taking clouds, from "traveling with a hundred couples" to "Wan Huhou's past", can be said to be straightforward, surging down like the Yangtze River, magnificent and stirring. At the end, "hitting the water in the middle stream, stopping the boat and not flying" is a symbolic way, vividly expressing the lofty aspirations of a generation of revolutionary youth.
"The mid-stream hits the water, and the waves stop the flying boat." One explanation is that "hitting the water" means swimming and rowing hard in the rapids, and the waves even stop the fast-moving boat. I always feel that this artistic conception is not in line with the author's spirit of advocating "hundreds of battles and streams". I prefer the transformation of "mid-stream hitting water", that is, "mid-stream hitting water". Biography of Zu Ti in the Book of Jin:' Zu Ti can't clear the Central Plains, and those who help others are like great rivers! Later, Zhong Liu Jing became synonymous with vowing to revive the motherland. Here, it is said that the poet should ride the wind and waves in the tide of the new era, go forward bravely, and swear to revitalize China's lofty aspirations and lofty sentiments. After reading it, people seem to hear a heart that loves their country and hometown, and they are pounding, thus feeling the sublime beauty reflected by a great heart.
The artistic expression of China's classical poetry attaches great importance to the blending of scenes. Liu Xie said: "If the taste is complex and indifferent, it will be light." (Wen Xin Diao Long) Xie Zhen said: "Landscape is the medium of poetry, and love is the embryo of poetry; It is a poem, a few words are unified, and the vitality is endless. " The word "Poem Four Styles" has reached the realm of well integrating scenes.
In the first half of the year, although he focused on the scenery, he was full of feelings in the scenery. "The mountains are all red and the forests are all dyed" is not only a portrayal of the surrounding maple forests, but also a reflection of the poet's fiery revolutionary feelings. Red symbolizes revolution, fire and light. Mountains all over the world is a vivid expression of the author's idea that a single spark can start a prairie fire, and it is an optimistic vision for the revolution and the future of the motherland. "The eagle strikes the sky, the fish jumps shallowly, and ten thousand kinds of frost fight for freedom" is the author's yearning and pursuit for freedom and liberation. The sigh of "melancholy, ask the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs" directly shifts from writing scenery to lyric, which naturally brings out the lyric movement in the second half.
Although the second half focuses on lyricism, there is no lack of scenery in it. Recalling the past eventful years describes the years in an eventful, novel and vivid way, turning the intangible extraordinary years into tangible towering peaks, giving people lofty beauty. "The mid-stream hits the water, and the waves stop the flying boat" is also a magnificent picture of bravely breaking the waves. It can be said that the sublime beauty of Qinyuanchun Changsha is interwoven with emotion as the warp and scenery as the weft. It not only enables us to enjoy the artistic enjoyment of magnificent autumn scenery, but also draws confidence and strength from the poet's passionate revolutionary feelings.
Interviewee: Komatsu blog-CEO level 15 5-6 2 1:47
Age: Modern and Contemporary
Author: Mao Zedong
Works: Qin
Content: Changsha (1925)
Independent cold autumn, Xiangjiang River north, Orange Island.
You see the mountains and plains, and the layers of forests are all dyed;
The river is full of water, and hundreds of people compete for the flow.
The eagle hits the sky, the fish is shallow,
All kinds of frost fight for freedom.
Lonely, ask the vast world, who is in charge of ups and downs?
Took 100 couples on a trip,
Recalling the past, the years are thick.
Just a classmate and teenager, in full bloom;
Scholar spirit, Fang Qiu.
Guide the direction, inspire words,
Shit is Wan Huhou.
Remember, when the midstream hit the water, the waves stopped the speedboat!
Precautions:
Qinyuanchun: epigraph name, named after Qinshui Princess Garden in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Orange Island: It's in Xiangjiang River near Changsha.
Ge3: Big ship.
Classmates and teenagers: Mao Zedong studied in Hunan First Normal University from 19 13 to 19 18. 19 18, Mao, Xiao Yu, Cai Hesen and other organizations organized Xinmin society and began his early political activities.
Qiu Er: Strong.
Stop (e4): Stop.
Solve the problem:
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/925, Zhao Hengti, the governor of Hunan, wanted Mao Zedong again. Mao left Changsha for Guangzhou. This word was probably written when he left Changsha.