Cultivation techniques of Chimonanthus praecox in open field
1, planted in the open air
Choose neutral or slightly acidic sandy soil with deep soil layer, sheltered from the wind and sunny, and good drainage, and generally plant it before germination in spring. Seedlings are planted with spacing of 30 cm and 50 cm; 2-3-year-old medium-sized seedlings with spacing of 50 cm and 55 cm. The big seedling tree holes planted in the garden are 60-70 cm in diameter and 40-50 cm in depth; The bottom of the hole is filled with decomposed manure and bean cake as base fertilizer. After covering a layer of soil on the base fertilizer, add Chimonanthus praecox plants with soil balls, fill them, tamp them and water them.
2. Potted plants
Choose loose and fertile sandy soil with good drainage as culture soil, put a layer of gravel on the drainage hole at the bottom of the pot or tank, and choose small plants with full buds in early winter every year, dig them up with soil, plant them in the pot and show them after flowering. Usually put it in an outdoor sunny place for maintenance.
Water and Fertilizer Management in Chimonanthus praecox Cultivation Techniques
1, water
It is best to water the soil at ordinary times, keep it semi-moist, and pay attention to drainage in rainy season to prevent soil water accumulation. Replenish water in time in dry season, keep the soil moderately dry in flowering period, and it is not advisable to water it too much. Potted wintersweet in spring and autumn, the pot soil is not watered; In summer, water is poured once every morning and evening, and the amount of water is controlled according to the wet and dry conditions of the basin soil.
Step 2 apply fertilizer
Apply fully decomposed organic fertilizer once a year after flowering; After the new leaves germinate in spring to the growing season in June, the decomposed cake fertilizer is applied once every 10- 15 days; In the flower bud differentiation period from July to August, the mixed solution of decomposed organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is topdressing; Apply organic fertilizer after autumn. After each fertilization, water the soil in time to keep the soil loose, and do not fertilize at flowering stage.
Potted Chimonanthus praecox should not be applied with water in the early stage of pot application, and foliar fertilizer should be applied in spring, and the pot should be turned over and changed every 2-3 years, after flowering in spring, and the pot soil of 1/3 should be changed at the same time.
Cultivation techniques of shaping and pruning Chimonanthus praecox
1, plastic surgery
(1) tree. Select the stout branches at seedling stage and cultivate them into trunk without removing the core. When the trunk reaches the expected height, it will be cored again to promote branching. When the branches grow to 25 cm, pick the core again to form a crown, and cut off the branches sprouting at the base at any time.
(2) Cluster trees or potted plants. Picking the stone at seedling stage to promote its branching. After the crown cluster is formed, the tender tips of strong branches are cut off during dormancy, and the weak branches with 2-3 buds are cut off at the base, while the twigs, dead branches and disorderly branches in the crown cluster are removed. The new branches were picked once in the first half of June. Gardening modeling is generally to break branches with a knife when they sprout, so that they form a basic skeleton. You can twist new branches by hand in May and June. After the basic shaping, it should be trimmed frequently to maintain the established style.
prune
(1) Germination and enucleation in growing season. When the leaf buds of Chimonanthus praecox germinate about 5 cm, the redundant buds that are dense, introverted and close to the ground are erased. During the vigorous growth period from May to June, when the main branch is more than 40 cm long and the lateral branch is more than 30 cm long, the core should be picked to promote the branch growth. Cut off miscellaneous branches, useless branches, disorderly branches and shady branches in time in rainy season.
(2) Pruning before flowering. Before the flower buds swell after defoliation, leave a pair of more leaf buds on the flower buds for the long branches, cut off the upper part without flower buds, and remove dead branches, insect branches, excessively weak branches, dense, clustered flower-free branches and roots that are not used for regeneration. Be careful not to touch the bud.
(3) Cutting after flowering. Sparse old branches, dead branches, too dense branches, long branches, etc. And contraction of weak main branches or branches. For the main branches that are too high, too long and too strong, they can be retracted at the oblique branches with greater moderation, and the weak branches will take the lead in controlling the height, length and potential of the branches. Short-cut annual branches, the extension branches of the main branches are cut off by 30-40 cm, the other strong branches are left 10-20 cm, and the weak branches are left with a pair of buds or drained. Pick the residual flowers in time after the flowers wither.
Cultivation techniques of Chimonanthus praecox in Shan Ye
It is a common and quick method to cultivate the old root piles of wild Chimonanthus praecox in mountainous areas and make them become ancient Chimonanthus praecox piles. Choose old stumps that have been cut down for many years, and pay attention to protecting the roots and pruning the branches after digging back. Choose a place with moderate light, loose soil and good drainage to cultivate embryos, and then move them to a pot for culture after survival. If it is an old pile of plum blossoms, it can be grafted with Chimonanthus praecox, and processed and shaped as needed after survival.