"Big and small years" is a problem that almost all fruit trees will encounter. The so-called "big year and small year" is a high-yield year and a low-yield year. A high-yield year is a "big year" and a low-yield or no-harvest year is a "small year". During the growth of Myrica rubra, the phenomenon of big and small years is serious, which has always been a headache for Myrica rubra growers. Let's take a look at the causes and preventive measures of bayberry "big and small years" with me.

Reasons for "Big and Small Years" of Myrica rubra

1, malnutrition

In the second half of each year, flower bud differentiation is synchronized with the growth of summer shoots and autumn shoots, and flowering and fruiting are synchronized with the growth of spring shoots and roots in the first half of the following year. When the nutrient accumulation is sufficient, more buds will be formed in the second half of next year. By the first half of next year, if the external environment is good, more fruits will be produced, and the new year will be big. Because there are many fruits and nutrients in the first half of the year, trees can't form more buds in the second half of the year. In this way, there will be fewer fruits in the coming year, forming a small year and so on.

2. Long-term mismanagement

Improper management of Myrica rubra, such as unreasonable fertilization, will also lead to partial application of nitrogen fertilizer in the process of fertilization in "big and small years", which will lead to vigorous nutrition of trees and difficult formation of flower buds. Or applying fertilizer too late after fruit harvest will promote a large number of useless autumn shoots, affect flower bud differentiation, and also cause "big and small years"

In addition, poor management in other aspects can also lead to "big and small years", such as natural disasters such as flower buds or freezing damage at flowering stage. We didn't take measures to prevent it, which led to a large number of flowers falling, or being attacked by pests and diseases, which led to a reduction in production in that year, and then a small year and a big year formed in the next year. If corrective measures are not taken in time, it will last for many years, destroying the balance between the nutritional level and endogenous hormones of trees, leading to a serious imbalance between nutritional growth and reproductive growth. This is the root cause of fruitful years.

Prevention and control measures of waxberry "big and small years"

1, plow and weed in time.

In the growing season, Myrica rubra should be cultivated and weeded 1-2 times according to the situation, especially after harvest combined with deep ploughing and fertilization. If conditions permit, such as intercropping green manure, it can not only increase the content of soil organic matter, but also promote the root growth and nitrogen fixation of Myrica rubra.

2, timely thinning flowers and fruits

Thinning flowers and fruits is a necessary measure to adjust the nutritional imbalance, which can not only ensure the centralized supply of excellent flowers and fruits, but also ensure the reasonable load of Myrica rubra, so as not to cause nutritional imbalance. In the new year, Myrica rubra needs timely thinning. If it is a young tree, it needs to protect flowers and fruits.

3, appropriate pruning

In terms of pruning, according to the actual situation of bayberry pruning, the pruning of big trees and small trees is different. When pruning in winter, dense branches, diseased branches, weak branches, slender branches, dead branches and overlapping branches should be cut off to ensure moderate illumination in the lower part of the crown. In spring, 10%- 15% of the total number of branches should be cut off for short cutting and thinning. Summer pruning is mainly sparse pruning, and dense branches, fork branches and pest branches are cut off from the base. In order to promote the formation of natural happiness of Myrica rubra, improve photosynthesis, reduce nutrient consumption, and improve the fruiting ability of Myrica rubra, branch pulling and supporting experiments were carried out. Young trees should be lightly cut in spring, and open branches should be kept as much as possible, but dense branches, cross branches, disease and insect branches should be cut off at the base, and strong branches should be cut off. Pruning in summer should be combined with shaping, and appropriate transformation should be carried out to drain the dense branches in the middle and upper part of the crown and around it, so as to reduce the number of fruiting branches in the next year.

Eliminate pests and diseases

In order to overcome the problem of waxberry bearing year, we should also do a good job in pest control. Firstly, the branches and leaves of Myrica rubra caused by dry rot and branch rot were burned, and different control methods were adopted according to different diseases of Myrica rubra branches. Two, after picking bayberry, according to the situation in a timely manner to spray pesticides to prevent pests. Through the prevention and control of pests and diseases, the tree body is strong and the self-regulation ability of Myrica rubra is enhanced.

The above are the causes and preventive measures of waxberry "big and small years". It's time for bayberry to go on the market. Farmers who grow bayberry must pay attention to the problem of years, master the above measures and prevent them in time if they want to have a good harvest.