medicine
take orally
Finasteride
It is suitable for male patients and can improve mild and moderate androgenetic alopecia.
Take 1 mg every day during the treatment. Generally, hair loss decreases after taking medicine for 3 months, and hair begins to grow after 6 ~ 9 months. The best effect is 1 ~ 2 years. It is recommended to take/kloc-0 continuously for more than 2 months; If the curative effect needs to be maintained, long-term maintenance treatment is needed; If 1 year still has no obvious curative effect, it is recommended to stop taking the drug.
The drug is generally well tolerated, and the incidence of adverse reactions is low and mild. Individual patients may have symptoms such as decreased libido, impotence, ejaculation, etc., and most of the above symptoms gradually disappear during medication; If the treatment is stopped, the above adverse reactions can subside within a few days or weeks. Occasionally abnormal ejaculation, breast tenderness and/or swelling, allergic reaction and testicular pain occur.
spironolactone
It is suitable for female patients and can improve the symptoms of some patients. It is recommended that the course of treatment should be at least 1 year, and the specific dosage should be in accordance with the doctor's advice. The main adverse reactions were menstrual disorder, decreased libido and breast pain. Attention should be paid to monitoring blood potassium concentration during treatment.
Acetylene, estradiol and cyproterone
For female patients, especially those complicated with acne and hirsutism. After menstrual cramps, take 1 ~ 5 days, 1 tablet every day, take 2 1 day continuously, stop taking drugs for 7 days, and then start the next course of treatment. Generally, symptoms can be improved after taking it for 3 ~ 6 months.
External medicine
minoxidil
It can promote hair growth, especially for people with mild or moderate alopecia. There are 2% and 5% concentrations to choose from in clinic. Men recommend 5% concentration and women recommend 2% concentration. The curative effect of 5% minoxidil is better than 2%, but the adverse reactions are also relatively increased. The average effective time is 6~9 months.
The common adverse reactions are hirsutism, local irritative dermatitis and allergic dermatitis, which can disappear after drug withdrawal. If allergic symptoms such as local repeated itching and skin redness occur, try to switch to minoxidil foam preparation without propylene glycol.
Other emulsions
Selenium disulfide lotion, compound sulfur lotion and ketoconazole lotion can inhibit oil secretion and remove dandruff. Suitable for people with excessive scalp oil, dandruff and itchy scalp.
Surgical therapy
Hair transplantation
indicate
After treatment, hair loss has been controlled or stabilized, or hair loss has been improved to some extent, but it is hoped that it will be further improved through surgery;
The occipital hair is thick and there are enough healthy hair follicles for transplantation.
Taboo symptom
Suffering from serious visceral diseases, poor hair quality in the donor site, inflammation in the donor site or hair transplant site, or poor blood supply.
Surgical method
Hair follicles (usually posterior occipital scalp) which are insensitive to androgen are extracted and separated by microscope, and then transplanted to hair loss area. Hair transplantation includes hair follicle harvesting transplantation (FUT) and hair follicle extraction transplantation (FUE).
Treatment effect
Generally, the transplanted hair falls off in different degrees 2~4 weeks after operation, and obviously falls off in about 2 months, and can grow again in 4~6 months after operation, and the obvious effect can only be seen in 6~9 months after operation. After transplantation, oral or topical drugs should be continued to maintain the growth of non-transplanted hair in bald areas.
Traditional therapy in China
Treatment based on syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine, external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, and plum blossom needle tapping can assist in the treatment of androgenic alopecia.
Other treatments
Low energy laser therapy
Low-energy laser can penetrate the epidermis of skin, exert photobiological regulation and improve the microenvironment around hair follicles, which can be used as an auxiliary means for the treatment of androgenic alopecia. Adverse reactions are rare, but some patients will have dizziness, scalp itching and other symptoms during irradiation.
other
Severe patients who fail to respond to medical or surgical treatment can be covered with wigs, wigs or threads and extra fibers.