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Huang Wenzhong, a democratic fighter who stayed in West Lake

Huang Wenzhong (1890-1946), Lintao County A native of Taoyang Town. In the early years of the Republic of China, after graduating from Gansu Provincial First Normal School, he was recommended to study in Japan in 1917. He received a bachelor's degree in political economics from Meiji University in Tokyo, and joined the Tongmenghui. After school, he translated "The History of the Development of Civil Rights in Japan" by Professor Etsujiro Uehara. ", advocated civil rights and advocated the Three People's Principles. After the manuscript was completed, I submitted it to Sun Yat-sen for review and asked for advice. Mr. Sun Yat-sen sincerely taught: "The enterprising spirit is commendable, and you should devote yourself to the promotion and establishment of Chinese civil rights." At the same time, Mr. Sun Yat-sen praised the translation as "very useful for the study of Japanese civil rights." ", and personally wrote on the manuscript: "The trend of the world is vast and powerful. If you follow it, you will prosper, if you go against it, you will perish." This is an eternal saying. This book was published in Shanghai Commercial Press in 1926.

After Huang Wen returned to China after graduating from high school, he served as the section chief of the first section of the Gansu Provincial Department of Education and taught part-time in various universities and middle schools. At that time, the idea of ??democracy and freedom was on the rise. He gave speeches and propaganda everywhere, criticizing the dictatorship of warlords, criticizing current affairs, and advocating democracy and freedom, which aroused the fear and jealousy of the authorities. In 1921, Lu Hongtao, the military governor of Gansu Province, instigated his subordinates to assassinate Huang Wenzhong. Huang Wenzhong was suddenly attacked when he was passing through Andingmen on his way home from work. His head was broken, his ears were broken, his fingers were broken, and he was unconscious on the street. He was later discovered by passers-by and sent to the hospital for emergency treatment, but survived. After escaping and regaining consciousness, his first words were: "Does my tongue still exist? I still have my tongue. I still have to talk about it. I still have to say that my shoulder was patted by Marshal Sun and is indestructible." After that, he called himself " "Come again", still talking about national affairs and promoting democratic ideas.

In 1925, Huang Wenzhong served as the county magistrate of Yanchi County, but was dismissed for offending the powerful. In the spring of 1927, he served as a Chinese language teacher in the provincial Lanzhou No. 1 Middle School. He then served as county magistrate of Linze, Jinta, Gaotai and other counties. He was well loved by the people, but he did not serve for a long time. Finally, due to the severe drought in Sanlong, the people were in dire straits. Huang Wenzhong could not bear to be forced to starve the people to raise food and wages for the garrison. He gave up his official post and fled from Zhangye to Shanghai. He traveled around Jiangsu and Zhejiang, earning a living by selling letters and royalties. He also worked with Shen Junru, Huang Yanpei, Li Gongpu and others had close contacts.

After the "September 18th" incident (September 18, 1931), although Huang Wenzhong has been suffering setbacks in adversity, he cannot forget the future of the country and is still concerned about the fate of the people. A conference on democracy and national salvation was held in Shanghai, calling on the Kuomintang to send troops to fight the war and regain lost territory. Huang Wenzhong appointed himself as a representative of the Gansu people to attend the meeting and made speeches about saving the nation. In the following years, as the national situation deteriorated, he had no choice but to live in the "Xihu Yulou", where he expressed his concern for the country and his ambition to serve the country through poems. His inscriptions and couplets were left at many scenic spots on the lake, adding a lot to the beautiful scenery of West Lake. To this day, there is still a masterpiece of couplets engraved on the Lingyin Cuiwei Pavilion in which he expressed his emotion about the scenery when he went to Hangzhou:

The solitary pavilion looks like the old days, a place where strong men are happy to visit;

Jiuyan The goal is far superior, and it will change your heart for thousands of miles.

The pavilion was built by Han Shizhong, a famous general who fought against the Jin Dynasty in the Southern Song Dynasty, to commemorate Yue Fei's monuments and express the desire to regain the rivers and mountains. The writing is powerful and heroic. A couplet he inscribed on Lingyin's Chun Gong Pavilion says:

There are many strange traces in the mountains and rivers, two spring gongs and one vulture;

There is no change between heaven and earth, and there are hundreds of hectares of West Lake. Shiliyuan.

The first couplet points out the magic of the origin of Feilai Peak, and the second couplet describes the clear and meandering spring water. The aura of beauty should last forever with the heaven and earth. Another example: "The shadow of the Huguang Tower connects three Zhus; the moon on the sea is the first floor of the river and lake." (Taoguang), "The fish play on the flat lake across the distance; the wild geese sing in the autumn moon and write about the long sky." (Pinghu Qiuyue) or the momentum It may be grand, or it may be beautiful and elegant, but the scenes are all blended together and the artistic conception is profound. What is particularly rare is that when Huang Wenzhong was commenting on landscapes, he expressed his thoughts directly and criticized current affairs. He always had the country and the nation in mind, and his style was much higher than that of ordinary romantic talents. For example, he wrote a couplet on Lingyin Cold Spring Pavilion: "There is no pure land if the peaks want to fly again; there are famous mountains with sweet springs that can withstand the cold." He wrote about Feifeng Cold Spring, but he said it in a subtle way - China is so big that there is no pure land anymore. Where else could I go? I have no choice but to endure the loneliness in this beautiful landscape. He stayed in Hangzhou for five years and wrote more than ten inscriptions and couplets, most of which were wonderful works.

Among the couplets he wrote for West Lake, they are profound and far-reaching and have been passed down forever. The most praised "West Lake World View" "overlapping word couplet" says:

Water The water, mountains and mountains are bright and beautiful everywhere;

I am curious and curious all the time, sunny or rainy.

This couplet is also known as "Lianzhu Pair" and "Stepping on the Flower Grid". Not only can it be read forward or backward, but it can also be repeated like stepping on the flower steps, and it can be read as:

The water is bright, the mountains are beautiful, the water and mountains are beautiful;

It is good when it is sunny, strange when it rains, and curious when it rains.

The first couplet is written from space, describing the constant scenery of the West Lake, with beautiful mountains and clear waters, and beauty everywhere; the second couplet is written from time, commenting on the changes in the West Lake, with good weather and occasional rain, and always bad weather. It can indeed be called A wonderful pair of overlapping couplets with beautiful scenes and beautiful interior and exterior.

Later, his friend Yang Shaoshu from Hubei Province compiled the couplets he wrote for the West Lake into "Collection of Couplets on West Lake Couplets in Huangwen", which was widely circulated in Shanghai and Hangzhou.