2. Scars around eyelids, nose and mouth can be repaired with adjacent skin flaps, which should be used as much as possible. If no flap is available, full-thickness flap or medium-thickness flap should be used for repair.
3. Scar excision should be thorough. Facial skin grafting should use full skin grafting, and corners of mouth and eyes should use "Z" angle. In order to prevent linear contraction after operation, skin grafting should use several "Z" angles.
4. When the burn wound has just healed, there is still a small amount of secretion and scab, and bacteria are easy to multiply rapidly. In addition, the epidermis is thin and tender, and its structure and function are not perfect, which is easy to cause infection and ulceration. In the meantime, we can use neutral detergent for cleaning, and then use anti-scar drugs and other treatments after cleaning.
5, early prevention, perseverance. The formation process of burn scar can be roughly divided into proliferative phase, stable phase and regression phase. The proliferation period lasts from 3 months to 2 years, and most of them are about half a year. However, due to various reasons such as ulcer, pain, impatience or improper methods, some patients often fail to adhere to scar rehabilitation treatment, resulting in scar hyperplasia and contracture.
6. Correctly grasp the timing of plastic surgery to prevent disability. Scar contracture of functional parts, such as hand scar, eye scar and jaw and neck scar, should be operated as soon as possible after the scar is stable, especially children, should be treated as soon as possible, and plastic surgery can be carried out in advance. Otherwise, it will cause abnormal development of joints and bones, shorten blood vessels and nerves, and lead to disability.
7. Blisters should be drained in time to avoid infection and ulcer formation. Due to various stimuli, the new epidermis is easy to relax and form blisters. If blisters are not treated promptly and correctly, they are usually infected and form ulcers. After the blister appears, the skin can be disinfected with complex iodine, and the blister can be cut off with sterile scissors, resulting in water accumulation. Generally, anti-scar treatment should be implemented after the blisters subside and the ulcers heal.
8. Under the guidance of specialists, take comprehensive measures to control scar hyperplasia and prevent contracture. So far, there is no specific method to completely prevent scar hyperplasia after burn, and comprehensive treatment is still the main method of scar prevention and treatment.
9. Avoid excessive friction and excessive activity. Due to the imperfect structure and function of scar epidermis, the epidermis is more vulnerable to injury, and some improper treatment may aggravate the injury. When applying anti-scar drugs, it is not advisable to massage excessively or for a long time, which will separate the epidermis from the fiberboard layer to form blisters or blood blisters, and excessive joint activity will also lead to the loosening and separation of the epidermis and blisters.