It is better to plant figs in spring, and it is most suitable to plant figs from mid-March to early April. ?

In addition, figs can also be planted in autumn. Seedlings should be sown immediately after falling leaves in autumn, but attention should be paid to cultivating the soil to prevent cold in winter.

Seedling raising method:

First, the technical points of cutting seedling.

Choose soil without salt and alkali in land selection. Although it is resistant to salt and alkali, it contains a little more salt and alkali, which is easy to die when cutting. It is best to use sandy soil with fertile soil and soil with high organic matter content.

2. Use cuttings? It should be harvested when the juice stops flowing after defoliation in autumn, such as cutting before germination in spring. Take the sprouting branches on the ground of the mother tree or the lower part of the trunk of the mother tree as cuttings. In order to ensure the storage quality, the cuttings should be soaked in clear water for about 3 days before storage. After fishing, cuttings should be layered with sand, watered with proper amount of water to keep the soil moist.

3. Cutting method: cut with cuttings with appropriate thickness, cut flat, without splitting, and the length is about 20 cm. According to local conditions, the ground should be subdivided and fertilized to make beds. Generally, the bed width is 50 cm, the bed height is about 33 cm, or the ridge spacing is about 35 cm. Ridging, cutting and watering, cutting depth 17- 18 cm. The cutting time should be about 3 days before the local healing and rooting period. At this time, cutting can reduce the influence of adverse external climate, and its healing and growth speed is fast.

4. Management after cutting Although fig cuttings are easy to heal and take root, we should also pay attention to the management after cutting. The management points are as follows:

(1) The formation period of its healing tissue needs high temperature, so the ground temperature should be increased in time; At the same time, strengthen water supply. In the later stage of healing and rooting, the cuttings will grow many hairy roots. At this time, the temperature is gradually rising, and attention should be paid to increasing soil moisture.

(2) Never pour mud after healing and rooting to avoid burning leaves, especially low-bed cuttings;

(3) insist on water wet soil, water less or no water when the soil is wet. If the soil is dry, it is advisable to water it more and keep it moist.

(4) Ficus carica seedlings are not cold-resistant, so it is necessary to do a good job of cold prevention (freezing) and heat preservation before freezing or cold in spring. The simple method is to bury the soil or cover the grass curtain, leaves, straw and other mulch;

⑤ When the seedlings enter the vegetative growth period, the compound fertilizer with nitrogen fertilizer as the main component should be lightly applied once a month. The amount of fertilization increases gradually with the growth of seedlings, and with the deepening of seedling roots, the effect of deep ditch application is better, but attention should be paid to avoid root damage when fertilizing.

Extended data:

Key points of fig cultivation:

1. Planting

Can be potted or cultivated in barren slopes, fields and courtyards. When farming in barren hillsides, fields, courtyards, etc. Generally, the planting density should be increased appropriately, i.e. 1 m× 2 m, and the depth of a single planting pit is 50-70 cm. With a diameter of 40-60 cm, mixed fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium (such as human and animal manure, green manure, cake fertilizer and chemical compound fertilizer) are used as base fertilizers, and the suitable planting time should be around Qingming Festival in North China, around Grain Rain in Northeast China and after defoliation in South China. If potted, it can be transplanted and planted at any time in the middle of the year, but it should avoid the flowering and fruiting period.

2. plastic trimming?

The pruning of figs is relatively simple, and the pruning technique is not high. Generally, the pruning method of natural joy and multiple main branches is adopted, but the whole plant should keep three main branches and leave no side branches, and the main branches are directly planted on the main branches. In the young tree period, we should focus on cultivating the main branches, pay attention to improving the angle of the main branches, promote multiple branches, and achieve the goal of rapid crown expansion.

After entering the first fruit stage, special attention should be paid to cultivating more branches to promote the formation of a certain yield. Pay attention to cultivating backbone branches, renewing large and medium branches, and cutting and shrinking weak branches during the full fruit period. For trees with aging or serious diseases and insect pests, the main branches and branches can be re-cultivated by using budding branches or hidden buds on the base or branches. Figs began to ripen in mid-July, and gradually reached165438+1October. The picking of figs should generally be carried out in sunny morning or evening. When there is a small hole at the top of the ripe fruit and the peel appears the color of the inherent variety (red and yellow varieties), pick it. Over-ripe fruits are not resistant to storage and transportation after harvesting.

3. fertilizer and water management?

In the growth period of young fig trees, topdressing should be applied if the base fertilizer is insufficient. The method is to apply about 5 kg of decomposed miscellaneous fertilizer to the plant at a distance of about 40 cm from the main root; Potting should be applied at least 1 kg. Mature trees should be applied with decomposed agricultural fertilizer of about 15 kg, potted plants with about 2 kg, basal fertilizer before and after defoliation, and topdressing at the stage of vigorous new shoots and rapid fruit expansion is better. Fig is a fruit tree with high fertilizer tolerance, but more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied. Generally, the ratio of nitrogen to potassium is 0.5: 1: 1.

Because it is drought-resistant and waterlogging-resistant, it needs a lot of water during the growth of new shoots and fruit expansion. However, long-term waterlogging or heavy ponding environment is likely to cause flowers, fruits, leaves and even death, and attention should be paid to drainage. Potted plants should also pay attention to drainage, especially after heavy rain or rainstorm and rainy season, pay attention to shelter from rain or control water in reverse basin.

4. Pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases?

Figs are not prone to pests and diseases. During the fruit growing period, it is easy to emit special smell to the surrounding area, causing the harm of Apriona germari; Fruits are easily attacked by birds when they are ripe. In addition to artificially catching Apriona germari and driving away birds, eggs can also be killed manually or by drugs. Scarecrow can also tie plastic ribbons and stick them in the fields to drive away birds.

Medicinal value:

Strong stomach, detumescence and detoxification. Treat enteritis, dysentery, constipation, hemorrhoid, sore throat, carbuncle, scabies, sore throat, appetizing and expelling worms. Can be used for anorexia, epigastric pain, hemorrhoid constipation, dyspepsia, hemorrhoid, rectocele, diarrhea, hypogalactia, sore throat, dysentery with fever, cough with excessive phlegm, etc.

Suitable for people:

The general population can eat it.

Is suitable for people with dyspepsia, anorexia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis, cancer and constipation.

References:

Fig Tree-Baidu Encyclopedia