Juyan is a Hun language, which means weak water and quicksand in Zhu. It was called Juyanze in Han Dynasty, Xihai in Wei and Jin Dynasties and Juyanhai in Tang Dynasty. The northern part of Ejina Banner in Alashan League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, has a long, narrow and curved shape like a crescent moon. Ejina River enters the lake and is the main water supply source of Juyan Sea. Due to the diversion of the Ejina River, the lake moves from time to time and gradually silts up. Since the Yuan Dynasty, it has been divided into three seas (lakes), namely, Iqinai, Haban Habal and Tarai. Since the Qing Dynasty, it has been divided into Suoguonuoer (Mongolian, meaning Muhu) in the east and Gashunnuoer (Mongolian, meaning Kuhu) in the west. The distance between the two lakes is about 35 kilometers. However, in recent years, the Juyan Sea has dried up due to the decrease in the amount of water injected into the lake by the main recharge source Ejina River. Historically, Juyanhai is rich in aquatic plants, and the lakeside is a beautiful grassland with fertile land and abundant aquatic plants. It is one of the earliest agricultural reclamation areas in China. The history of agricultural reclamation here began as early as the Han Dynasty, and it is also an important passage through the Badain Jaran Desert and the Great Gobi to Mobei. It is also a battleground for military strategists. "Historical Records Biography of Xiongnu" records: "(Korea) built a strong crossbow, a captain Lu Bode, built a city and lived in Yanbian." Later, a county was set up here, which was occupied flexibly in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. Sui and Tang Dynasties were Turks, and Song Dynasty was ruled by Xixia State, which was one of the political, economic and cultural centers of Xixia at that time. There have been many legends and stories in this oasis in the long yellow sand and by the clear water. According to legend, Li Guang, a title of generals in ancient times in the Western Han Dynasty, suffered from Huo Yun's disease and was a "flying general". When attacking Xiongnu, they drank horses in Juyanze, and Wei Qing and Huo Qubing went to Xiongnu. One of the goals was Juyan area. Juyan area is a strategic place because it is rich in water resources and the sea. If the Huns can be driven out from there, the powerful nomadic people will be forced to move northward to live in the next aquatic meadow, and the threat to the Han Dynasty will be lifted. It is said that in the Yuan Dynasty, Italian Kelpolo also visited Juyan Sea. Wang Wei, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, even stopped by the lake and wrote the famous poem "The Frontier": "Hunting Tianjiao outside Juyan City, burning white grass in the wild, driving horses when the clouds are empty, shooting eagles in the autumn plain." It is the second largest inland river in China, originating from the eastern foot of Qilian Mountain in Qinghai Province, with a total length of 82 1 km and a drainage area of142,900 square kilometers (including1/0.6 million square kilometers). Yingluo Gorge is in the upper reaches, with a river channel of 303 kilometers long, a drainage area of 6,543.8+0,000 square kilometers, an average precipitation of 350 ml, and good vegetation. It is a grain-producing area in Ejina River Basin. Yingluo Gorge to Zhengyi Gorge is the middle reaches, with a river length of185km, a drainage area of 25,600km2 and an average annual precipitation of140mm. The artificially irrigated oasis with Zhangye as the core has a large area and is the main grain producing area in Gansu Province. The east and west sections from Zhengyixia to Ejina Banner are located in the salt sea, with a river length of 333 kilometers, a basin area of 80,400 square kilometers and an average annual precipitation of 47 mm, which is the key area for ecological protection and management of Ejina River basin.
"Ejina" is a transliteration of "Yijinai" in Xixia language, which means black water or black river. However, when scholars at the end of the Qing Dynasty made notes on Mongolian Nomads in the Qing Dynasty, they quoted Mr. Xu Xingbo as saying that "Ejina is Mongolia, which means seclusion". Ejina River was called weak water or ginger valley water in ancient times.
The Ejina River has been recorded in many historical books, and it is also recorded in the "Ejina Banner Records" compiled by people today: "The Ejina River is 250 kilometers at the flag boundary, with an average river width of about 150 meters, a normal water level of about 1.5 meters, and an average flow of 200-300 cubic meters per second, which branches on the triangle oasis from south to north. The aftermath flows into the east (Supor) and the west (Gashunuoer) Juyanhai and Shujing Lake. This is a magical tree species, its growth is always closely linked with the phoenix and blood ... This is a changeable tree species, green in spring and summer, yellow in late autumn and red in winter ... This is a strong tree species, which will not die for thousands of years, nor will it fall down after death, nor will it die for thousands of years. ...
Populus euphratica is the only tree suitable for growing in Central Asia and a precious species that has survived the long evolution of nature. Its charming charm, stubborn personality and ill-fated fate have inspired too much poetic and philosophical thinking. Throughout the ages, Populus euphratica has become a spirit and has been worshipped by people. ...
Populus euphratica's hometown is near Weak Water and Juyanhai. The 390,000 mu Populus euphratica forest here is one of the only three natural rivers in the world today, an important barrier to prevent the Badain Jaran Desert from spreading northward, and a natural ecological treasure house in western China. ...
The black dragon leaps and dances wildly in various ways ... the Heihe River is cut off and the Juyan Sea is dried up. More than 700,000 mu of Populus euphratica forest has only 300,000 mu left. Sighing that Populus euphratica's departure may be more important to mankind, and saving Populus euphratica forest is to save mankind's own home. Black City, the most complete ancient city on the Silk Road.
The sunset is like blood, the desert wind is like a song, the fire is like smoke, and the feathers are like news. Touching the ruins in the twilight, my heavy thoughts slipped through my fingers and disappeared into the silence of history. The ancient road winds, the flute hums and tears fall in front of Populus euphratica. ...
The word "Juyan" is Hun language, which means "Tian". Juyan area used to be the pasture of Huns. 19-year-old general Huo Qubing defeated the Huns, and the Han Dynasty stationed troops here to guard the border, creating a splendid Han civilization in Juyan. After the Han dynasty, the civilization here was intermittent, ups and downs, and the trauma of war soaked the fragile waterfront.
By AD 1038, the Xixia Kingdom founded by the Tangut established the "Fu Wei Military Division" here, which was another climax of Juyan civilization and the reason why it became an important clue to study Xixia culture today. 1226, Genghis Khan's Mongolian army invaded Black City for the fourth time. 1286, Yuan Shizu set up the "General Manager's Office of Ikkinai Road" here, which became the transportation hub of the Central Plains leading to Mobei, and Kyle Polo entered the oriental paradise along this ancient road.
1372, the Ming dynasty immediately abandoned this area after the general of the west was prosperous, and the Black City has been sleeping in dusty history for nearly 700 years. 1886, Russian scholar potanin discovered the Black City during his inspection in Ejina. 1April, 908, Russian explorer kozlov excavated a large number of Xixia cultural relics here, including precious ancient books such as Pearl in the Hand of Fan Han, Yin Tong and Wenhai, which were compared in Chinese and Xia languages. This major archaeological discovery and plunder caused a sensation in the archaeological and historical circles. ...
The plane of Black City is rectangular, with a circumference of about 1km, a length of 434 meters from east to west and a length of 384 meters from north to south. Open a door between the two walls and add an urn. The city wall was rammed with loess, with a residual height of about 9 meters. There is a Lama Tower with a bowl in the northwest corner of the city. The original street and the main building have been confused, and the remnants of the surrounding ancient rivers and farmland still maintain the outline. The desert almost swallowed up this place. How many treasures are buried in the Black City is an unsolved mystery, but it should bring more than just treasures to human beings ... Camels are all treasures, especially camel's paw. Camel's paw is four soft hoofs as big as a futon. Because it is the most active tissue in camel's body, its meat quality is extremely delicate and elastic, like tendon, softer.
Camel's paw is rich in nutrition and has always been as famous as bear's paw, bird's nest and Hericium erinaceus. It is one of the four famous dishes in China. Camel's paw is one of the "eight treasures of the north" used by the ancient court. Because camel's claws are very precious, they are all ordered by star-rated hotels in the mainland, and they are rarely tasted at the luxurious banquet in Ejina, which is known as the "hometown of camels". Roast whole sheep is the highest quality in Mongolian food and the most exquisite traditional dish at the banquet. Good shape, color and taste, rich national flavor. Only at grand banquets or commemorative ceremonies can we taste roast whole sheep, which is a representative dish of Mongolian food customs.
Roasting whole sheep requires eighteen processes. The roasted whole lamb has to undergo some shaping and modification. Lift the sheep to a big wooden pallet, and let it lie prone on its front legs and bend its back legs in the center of the tray. Stuffing a few green leaves in a sheep's mouth is like eating grass. Tie a red ribbon around your neck to show your nobility.
The procedure of eating roast whole sheep is very particular. Put the crispy skin first, then put the fresh fat, and finally put the ribs connected with lean meat. To eat roast whole sheep, it must be accompanied by hinge cakes, onions, sauces, vinegar, minced garlic and other condiments. , so that it is thicker and more fragrant and has a unique flavor. Desert rose is timely calcite, a life as hard as gypsum. It is a masterpiece of desert and a kind of natural stone with high collection value and ornamental value. Desert rose is a gypsum crystal that grows in a low-lying place in the desert. It looks like a rose and grows in the desert, so it is called desert rose. According to its growth form, it can be divided into monomer, conjoined, dendritic and plexiform. Size, monomer diameter is generally 1.5- 10cm, and conjoined 10-50cm or more. It is one of the few flower-like minerals in natural stone and has high ornamental value. Due to the unique climatic conditions in the desert of Inner Mongolia, this unique Desert Flower-desert rose grows, which looks like a bunch of blooming roses. Desert rose occupies a special position in the natural stone market because of its difficult mining, scarce output and peculiar shape, and has extremely precious research and collection value. It has a rose petal, which blooms vividly. It is carved by tens of millions of years or even tens of millions of years of wind and rain, and it is weathered by fine sand. There are scattered fine sand embedded in the middle of the petals. It has no leaves and thorns of roses, only flowers that bloom silently on the Gobi desert, but it will never wither or wither. According to legend, there is a kind of stone on the vast Gobi desert, which has grown for thousands of years. This is a plant crystal. The seeds of this plant are paired in the sky, and after flowering, they are rooted and flowers are like roses; If one of them dies, the other will stop flowering and slowly wither ... After countless years, their bodies and sand crystallize into a strange flower, which has no life but never withers and becomes a "desert rose" symbolizing eternal love. Desert roses are gypsum crystals that grow in low-lying areas of the desert. It looks like a rose and grows in the desert, so it is called a desert rose. According to its growth form, it can be divided into monomer, conjoined, dendritic and plexiform. Size, monomer diameter is generally 1.5- 10cm, and conjoined 10-50cm or more. It is one of the few flower-like minerals in natural stone and has high ornamental value. Desert rose, born in the desert, is mainly composed of limestone, a gypsum crystal and a flower in the stone. Due to its special geographical conditions, its output is scarce. The desert rose is shaped like a blooming rose, with different forms and wonders. Among them, desert roses whose flowers look like roses are even rarer. The hardness of desert rose stone is extremely low, only 2 degrees, and its texture is easily damaged. It is also produced in desert areas of the United States, Mexico, Morocco and other countries. Legend has it that roses are not easy to survive in desert areas, so young people in other places send desert rose stones instead on Valentine's Day. Silicified wood, also known as wood fossils, is mainly composed of silicon dioxide, which was formed in the Middle-Upper Jurassic period/kloc-0.50 billion years ago and is a unique living specimen. Silicified wood is formed in Jurassic red sandstone and mudstone, partially buried underground, with a thickness of about 10 m, and partially exposed on the ground. From the appearance, silicified wood maintains the original shape of the trunk, the wood grain and annual rings are clearly distinguishable, and it also has a solid wood texture. But if you touch it with your hand, it is as cold as a stone. Pick up the chess piece and knock it, tinkling and melodious, just like Jin, which can be described as "as firm as iron and as loud as Qing".