The most basic principles of cashier work
1. Handle bank deposits and cash withdrawals.
2. Be responsible for the management of checks, drafts, invoices and receipts.
Third, do a good job in bank accounts and cash accounts, and be responsible for keeping the financial chapter.
Fourth, responsible for reimbursement of travel expenses.
1. If an employee needs to borrow money for business trip, he/she must fill in the loan slip, then submit it to the general manager for approval and signature, and then submit it to the financial audit. After confirmation, the cashier will issue the money.
2. After returning from business trip, employees should fill in the payment voucher truthfully, and affix the receipt or invoice on the back of the voucher, which will be signed by the witness first, then by the general manager, and reimbursed by the cashier after accounting review.
5. Payment of employees' wages.
receipts and disbursements
1. For cash receipts and payments, the amount shall be counted in person, and the authenticity of the face value shall be paid attention to. If counterfeit money is confiscated, the responsible person shall be responsible.
2. Once the cash is paid, a "cash payment stamp" shall be affixed to the original voucher. The responsible person shall be responsible for overpaying or underpaying the amount.
Send the cash received every day to the bank, don't "sit on the branch".
4, do a good job of daily cash inventory, so that the accounts are consistent. Make cash statements to prevent cash gains and losses. After work, cash and equivalents are returned to the general manager.
5. Generally, large denomination cash payment business is not handled, and payment is made through transfer or remittance procedures. Special circumstances require approval.
6, employees go out to borrow money, regardless of the amount, must be signed by the general manager, approved by the loan. If the loan is not approved and there is a dispute, the responsible person shall bear the responsibility.
Bank account processing
1. When registering a bank journal, distinguish the accounts first to avoid crossing the line. Open trading procedures.
2. Make the balance of each account every day, so that the general manager and financial planner can understand the fund operation of the company and arrange funds. Fill in the statement before going to work every day.
3, keep all kinds of blank checks, shall not be arbitrarily misplaced.
4. When the company's accounts are flat, they shall be kept by the cashier.
Repayment audit
1. Whether the agent signs the payment voucher and whether the witness signs it. If not, it should be added.
2. Whether the original bill attached to the payment voucher has been altered. If yes, ask why or not reimburse.
3. Whether the formal invoice is mixed with the receipt, if any, it should be posted separately (in principle, except for the financial bills stamped with the seal of financial supervision, the rest of the receipts shall not be reimbursed or deducted before tax).
4. Whether more than three items are filled in the payment voucher. If it exceeds, it must be re-filled.
5. Whether the size and amount are consistent. If not, it should be corrected and re-filled.
6. Whether the reimbursement content is reasonable. Otherwise, it will refuse to pay. If there are special reasons, it should be approved.
7. Whether the payment voucher is signed by the general manager. If not, it will not be reimbursed.
The reverse translation of principle also includes the words "law" and "principle", which are natural laws that can predict phenomena within the set range we know in "methodology" and often exist objectively. Some people use the concept of principles, such as science, philosophy, religion and law. Principles are usually defined as those that can be inferred from facts or reality. However, because no definition of truth is generally accepted by scholars, people have a logical understanding of the "principle" which is close to truth as an absolute natural law, and often regard "principle" as the "highest criterion" or "standard" to guide actions. Many different definitions of the principle have been widely debated. Many topics related to the definition of principle are unrecognizable. The "principle" of universal value and the absolute "truth" are not completely equivalent concepts, although they are often confused by people, and there is even an artificial contradiction in the "truth principle".
Basic principles and characteristics of the basic principles of international law According to the definition of the basic principles of international law, the basic principles of international law have the following characteristics:
First, all countries recognize that:
That is, it is generally accepted by the international community. Because international law is a law between countries, it is impossible for a country to create international law, although sometimes the principles put forward by one country or a few countries have great political and legal significance and must be recognized by all countries to become the basic principles of international law. The basic principles must be recognized by all countries. This kind of recognition appears repeatedly in treaties concluded by various countries, or is accepted by all countries as an international practice. This feature makes it different from the principle recognized by only a few or some countries.
Second, it has universal significance:
That is, the scope of application of this principle is all fields of international legal relations. The basic principles of international law are not specific principles in individual fields, nor are they only related to the regionality of international relations. They are principles that transcend individual fields and have universal significance, which are applicable to all effective scopes of international law and are related to the globality of international relations. They can run through all aspects of international law and play a guiding role.
For example, the principle of national equality plays an adjusting and guiding role in all fields of international law and has universal significance. Any principle or rule in any other field is invalid as long as it violates the principle of equality. On the contrary, although the principle of non-extradition of political prisoners is also a principle of international law, which has long been recognized by all countries, it cannot be a basic principle, because it only involves the extradition of criminals between countries and has no universal applicability, so it is not a basic principle of international law.
Third, it constitutes the basis of international law, which can be reflected in the following three aspects:
1. The basic principles of international law are the basis for the emergence of general principles.
The general principles and specific norms of international law are either derived or extended from the basic principles or formed and developed under the guidance of the basic principles.
2. The basic principles of international law are the effective basis of general principles.
The general principles of international law must conform to the spirit of the basic principles and must not contradict them. Just as the status of the constitution is similar to other laws, any general principles and norms of international law that conflict with the basic principles of international law are invalid.
3. The basic principles of international law are the foundation of the existence of international law.
The basic principles of international law must be observed and not violated. If the basic principles of international law are destroyed, the foundation of the whole international law will be shaken. For example, if the principle of sovereignty is destroyed in international relations, modern international law will lose its premise and foundation. If it only violates the specific principles of international law, it does not affect the existence of international law.
Fourth, it has the nature of jus cogens:
Jus cogens, also known as jus cogens and jus cogens, refers to the norms of international law recognized by the international community, which must be absolutely implemented and strictly observed, and cannot be arbitrarily abandoned, violated or changed.
Coercive law is the symmetry of arbitrary law. Jus cogens was originally a concept of domestic law, and the concept of jus cogens was formally used in the field of international law in 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Article 53 of the Convention calls international jus cogens "a peremptory norm of general international law" and stipulates that:
A peremptory norm of general international law refers to a norm accepted and recognized by the international community as a whole, which cannot be derogated from and can only be changed by a norm of general international law with the same nature in the future. "According to this provision, international mandatory law should meet three conditions or characteristics:
(1) is accepted by all international communities;
(2) Confirmed as no damage inhibition;
(3) It shall not be changed at will, and can only be changed after the principle of the same nature.
However, the Convention on the Law of Treaties does not specify which norms international mandatory law refers to, nor does it define the specific scope.
With regard to the validity of international jus cogens, Article 53 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties stipulates: "A treaty that conflicts with a peremptory rule of general international law at the time of its conclusion is null and void"; Article 64 also stipulates that "when a new mandatory rule of general international law comes into being, any existing treaty that conflicts with this rule will be invalid and terminated", which shows its authority in international law.
According to the generally accepted regulations and interpretations, the basic principles of international law fully meet all the conditions and characteristics of international jus cogens, but the principles with the nature of jus cogens are not necessarily the basic principles of international law.
* * * ART's basic principle S stands for Specific, that is, performance appraisal should focus on specific work indicators, rather than generalities;
M stands for measurable, indicating that performance indicators are quantitative or behavioral, and data or information to verify these performance indicators can be obtained;
A stands for achievable, which means that performance indicators can be achieved by trying to avoid setting too high or too low a goal;
R stands for realism, indicating that performance indicators are real and can be proved and observed;
T stands for Timebound, focusing on the specific time limit for completing performance indicators.
Basic principles of WTO? The principle of discriminatory treatment is also called the principle of non-discrimination. A contracting party shall not discriminate against other contracting parties when implementing certain restrictions or prohibitions.
The principle of most-favoured-nation treatment refers to the preferential treatment and exemption granted by WTO members to any third party, which will be automatically granted to all members.
The principle of national treatment means that the contracting parties guarantee each other that the natural persons, legal persons and merchant ships of the other party enjoy the same treatment as their own natural persons, legal persons and merchant ships in their own territory.
The principle of transparency refers to the laws and regulations effectively implemented by the contracting parties that affect the sale, distribution, transportation, insurance, storage, inspection, exhibition, processing, mixing or use of import and export goods, as well as the commonly cited judicial decisions and administrative decisions, as well as the existing provisions that affect the international trade policy concluded between the * * * or * * institution of one contracting party and the * * or * * institution of another contracting party, which must be published promptly.
The principle of trade liberalization refers to limiting and removing all obstacles that hinder and prevent the development and progress of international trade, including laws, regulations, policies and measures.
The principle of market access refers to the degree to which a country allows foreign goods, services and capital to participate in the domestic market.
The principle of reciprocity means that the two countries give each other preferential treatment in trade.
The principle of preferential treatment for developing countries and least developed countries means that developing countries can enjoy transitional preferential treatment for a certain period of time if they need certain time and material preparation when implementing WTO agreements.
The principle of fair and equal handling of trade disputes refers to the premise that members reach an agreement on the basis of equal status when mediating disputes. The mediator is usually the Director-General of WTO.
Basic principles of VI We must grasp the basic principles of identity, difference, nationality and effectiveness in VI planning and design.
I. Identity
To achieve the consistency and coherence of corporate image communication, it is necessary to use unified design and unified mass communication, improve visual integration design, personalize, clarify and order information and understanding, unify the images of various forms of communication media, and create a unified corporate concept and a storable and communicable visual image, so as to centralize and strengthen corporate image, make information communication more rapid and effective, and leave a strong impression and influence on the public. Standardize all elements of enterprise identification, from enterprise concept to visual elements, adopt the same standard design, adopt the same model for external communication, adhere to long-term consistent application, and do not change easily. In order to realize identification and standardization orientation of VI design, we must adopt simplified, unified, series, combined and universal methods to completely reshape the corporate image. Simplification: refine the design content, make the organization system as clear and concise as possible under the premise of meeting the promotion needs, and optimize the system structure. For example, in VI system, the combination structure of constituent elements must be simplified, which is beneficial to the implementation of standards. Unity: in order to make the information transmission consistent and easy to be accepted by the public, adjust the factors that are inconsistent with the brand and corporate image. Brand, enterprise name and trademark name should be unified as much as possible, giving people a unique audio-visual impression. For example, Deng Hua brand Beijing liquor produced by Beijing Niulanshan Distillery is very different in name, trademark and product name, so it is difficult for people to remember it when broadcasting advertisements on China Central Radio. If the three are unified and the information is simple and concentrated, its communication effect will be greatly improved. Series: make reasonable arrangement and planning for the parameters, forms, sizes and structures of the combined elements of the design object. For example, the advertising and packaging system in the corporate image strategy should be serialized, so that it has family characteristics and a clear sense of recognition. Combination: the combination of basic design elements into common units, such as logo, standard text or symbol graphics, corporate modeling, etc. Divided into different formal units in VI basic system, it can be flexibly applied to different application systems, and some prohibited combination specifications can be stipulated to ensure the identity of communication. Universality: It means that the design must have good applicability. If the logo will not produce visual deviation due to shrinking and enlarging, then the proportion between the lines must be moderate. If it's too dense, it will blend together. Make sure that everything from outdoor advertisements to business cards has a good recognition effect. The application of the principle of identity can make the public have a unified and complete understanding of a specific corporate image, and will not cause obstacles in recognition because of the inconsistency of corporate image recognition elements, thus enhancing the communication power of the image.
Second, differences.
In order to gain public recognition, corporate image must be personalized and distinct, so the principle of differentiation is very important. The difference is first manifested in the distinction between different industries, because in the eyes of the public, enterprises and institutions in different industries have their own image characteristics. For example, the corporate image characteristics of cosmetics enterprises and machinery enterprises should be completely different. The design should highlight the characteristics of the industry, so that it has image characteristics different from other industries, which is conducive to identification and recognition. Secondly, it is necessary to highlight the differences with other enterprises in the same industry in order to be unique and stand out. Japan's five world-renowned famous electrical appliance enterprises: Sony, Panasonic, Toshiba, Sanyo and Hitachi, all have unique corporate images, which are very personalized, effectively recognized by consumers and are unique in the fierce competition in the world home appliance market.
Third, nationality.
The shaping and dissemination of corporate image should be based on different national cultures. National culture is the fundamental driving force for the rise and success of many enterprises such as the United States and Japan. American corporate culture experts Qiu Er and Kennedy pointed out: "A strong culture is almost the driving force for the continued success of American enterprises." The unique corporate images of the world-famous "McDonald's" and "KFC" show the fast food culture of American lifestyle. In order to create a corporate image of China that can rank among the world, we must carry forward the cultural advantages of the Chinese nation. Brilliant China culture is our inexhaustible source, and there are many essences that we should absorb, which will help us to shape the corporate image with China characteristics.
Four. efficiency
Effectiveness refers to the effective implementation of the VI plan planned and designed by the enterprise. VI is a problem-solving knowledge, not an enterprise's decoration, so it can be operated, easy to operate, and operability is a very important issue. In order to be effective and play an effective role in establishing a good corporate image, enterprise VI planning must first establish an accurate image positioning according to the enterprise's own situation and marketing positioning in its planning and design, and then carry out development planning on the basis of this positioning. In this regard, organizations or individuals that assist enterprises to introduce VI plan have an important responsibility, and everything must proceed from reality and cannot cater to some unrealistic mentality of enterprise leaders. When the author helped an enterprise whose products just had a good trend of market information but its strength was not strong to introduce the VI plan, the enterprise leaders put forward an overly optimistic plan and assumption of entering the top enterprises in China 100 in five years. If it is suitable to satisfy the abnormal mentality of entrepreneurs and construct the framework of corporate image strategy, its effectiveness will be questioned. In fact, a year later, due to marketing mistakes, the company fell into a trough. When enterprises are preparing to introduce VI plan, whether they can choose organizations or individuals with real planning and design strength is also very critical to the effect of VI plan. VI planning and design is a necessary soft investment for enterprise development, and it is a very complicated and time-consuming system engineering, which requires considerable capital investment. When I talked with a dairy company about its VI strategy, I was recognized by the company leaders. When it comes to the cost of the plan, the two sides failed to cooperate. Later, the company found an advertising company at a very low cost, and the corporate image elements such as logos and mascots were inferior. Its effectiveness can be imagined. To ensure the effectiveness of VI planning, a very important factor is that corporate executives have a good sense of modern management, have a certain understanding of corporate image strategy, and can respect the opinions and suggestions of professional VI design institutions or experts. Because there is no considerable investment, it is impossible to find high-level and powerful institutions and individuals. The promotion of the late VI strategy will cost a lot of money. If enterprise leaders do not have a clear understanding of the necessity of introducing VI plan and can't stick to it, then the previous planning and design scheme will lose its effectiveness and become worthless.
Tianchuang professional VI design company was established in 1998. It is the first professional brand design creative organization in China to provide brand logo design (VI design), brand naming, brand image application system design and brand environment-oriented design services for enterprises, * *, public utilities and administrative units. It also owns Beijing company, Tianjin company, Shanghai office and Guangzhou office. Tianchuang designers always pay attention to and share the latest brand design (VI design) concept in the world, and wholeheartedly listen to and understand the difficulties and real needs of customers; Dig deep into the core value of the brand for customers and help customers solve the problems of brand naming, logo design, brand image system application and promotion.
The basic principle of QC IPQC is product process control, which refers to the quality control from material input to product packaging. Its main responsibility is to find, track and feedback the problems in the production process of products and supervise the operation process of employees.
Opqc is a sampling inspection of products before shipment.
Four cardinal principles? "First, we must adhere to the socialist road; Second, we must adhere to the people's democratic dictatorship; Third, we must adhere to the leadership of * * * *; Fourth, we must adhere to Marxism-Leninism and the thought of * * *. And pointed out that "this is the fundamental prerequisite for realizing the four modernizations"
The five cardinal principles are mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence.