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Malocclusion, commonly known as "covering the sky" and "brushing teeth", is a common developmental deformity of teeth and maxillofacial region. Severe malocclusion not only affects aesthetics, but also affects diet and language. With the development of craniomaxillofacial surgery technology and the continuous improvement of surgical instruments, surgical treatment of malocclusion caused by bone development can achieve good surgical results.

First, under what circumstances do you need surgery?

For a patient with malocclusion, we must first make clear the cause of malocclusion. Generally speaking, it can be divided into two types. One is that the development and position of maxilla and mandible are normal simply because of the disorder of tooth arrangement, which is called "tooth deformity" in medicine. This deformity does not require surgery, just ask the dentist to rearrange the teeth. On the contrary, if the malocclusion is due to the abnormal development of the upper and lower jaws, which is the so-called "skeletal deformity", it needs to be corrected by surgery. In most cases, skeletal deformities are accompanied by different degrees of tooth deformities. If the abnormal jaw is not corrected by surgery, it is difficult to achieve the ideal effect simply by arranging teeth.

Second, what will lead to malocclusion?

1. Overdevelopment of mandible (mandibular protrusion) This malocclusion is mainly characterized by overgrowth of mandible, which is steep and long from the side. Some patients also have mandibular deviation.

2. Maxillary dysplasia (maxillary retraction) The mandibular development is basically normal, and the maxillary development is poor. Except for malocclusion, most of them are accompanied by different degrees of midface depression, which lacks three-dimensional sense.

3. The malocclusion of patients with maxillary retrusion and mandibular protrusion is generally serious.

Third, the timing and preoperative preparation of malocclusion.

The operation time should be after the adult maxillofacial bone of the patient develops and forms, generally after 16- 18 years old. X-ray examination should be done before operation to understand the abnormal development of maxilla and mandible. Through measurement, it is determined whether the occlusion is due to mandibular overgrowth, maxillary retraction or both. Decide on the surgical plan. Then the occlusal model of maxilla and maxilla was taken to analyze the relationship between maxilla and maxilla. If the occlusal relationship is too disordered, orthodontic treatment should be carried out in stomatology before operation to rearrange the crowded and disordered teeth and prepare for the later operation.

Fourthly, the surgical method of malocclusion.

The operation requires general anesthesia, and the operation is performed through an oral incision, leaving no scars on the appearance.

1. For malocclusion caused by mandibular protrusion, the operation is mainly aimed at mandible. After special osteotomy, the mandible retreated as a whole, correcting mandibular protrusion and achieving the purpose of correcting malocclusion. By cutting the mandible back, not only the length of the mandible is shortened, but also the maxilla rotates upward when it retreats, the angle of the mandibular angle becomes smaller and the side view becomes more beautiful. If the chin is too long, the jaw osteotomy should be shortened at the same time.

2. For the malocclusion caused by maxillary retraction, it is necessary to move the maxilla forward by osteotomy, that is, to correct the malocclusion by moving the maxilla forward as a whole through special osteotomy. At the same time, the depression in the middle part of the face was also improved obviously after the maxillary moved forward. After malocclusion correction, if the nose of individual patients is low, rhinoplasty can further increase the three-dimensional sense of the face.

3. Patients with malocclusion accompanied by maxillary retraction and mandibular protrusion need to undergo maxillary osteotomy and mandibular osteotomy at the same time, and mental osteotomy and plastic surgery if necessary.

5. Follow-up treatment after malocclusion.

After operation, the upper and lower jaws were pulled by elastic force of rubber band for 8- 12 weeks to maintain the position of the upper and lower jaws and consolidate the surgical effect. Then remove the traction and further adjust the occlusal relationship of stomatology.