Rules of figure skating competition
Competition requirements
The number of participants in the Winter Olympics and the World Championships is calculated and determined according to the relevant regulations of the International Skating Federation and the results of the World Championships in the previous year, but each country and region can participate in each event up to 3 people (pairs). All projects must be carried out separately. Men's and women's singles and doubles each include short programs, free skating and performance free skating. The Winter Olympics and World Championships only stipulate short programs and free skating. Each content lasts 1 day, and short programs are preferred.
The short program consists of 8 movements and 3 different jumps, 3 different rotations and 2 different footwork connection steps. Athletes can choose their own music, and arrange programs for no more than 2 minutes and 40 seconds as required. Scores include prescribed action scores and performance scores. According to the quality, difficulty and completion of the action, the referee first evaluates the specified action score, and then presents the second score-performance score according to the balance of content arrangement and the consistency, speed, posture and expression of musical characteristics.
Free skating consists of jumping, spinning, footwork and various postures. Athletes choose their own music and arrange balanced programs according to the rules. The free skating competition time is 4 minutes and 30 seconds for men's singles and doubles and 4 minutes for women's singles. Free skating score includes technical level score and performance score.
Performing free skating includes a certain number of jumps, rotations and footwork. The program mainly highlights the expressive force of music and artistic performance. Its scores include skating skill scores and performance scores. The competition time is 3 minutes and 30 seconds to 4 minutes and 30 seconds.
Ice dancing competition consists of routine dance, choreography, free dance and performance dance. There are only three events in the Winter Olympics and the World Championships, which are held in three days. 1 day is the required dance, and the next day is the choreography dance. Prescribed dance is a competition based on prescribed music, patterns, footwork and repetition times. There are 22 kinds of dances, two of which are slippery in each competition. The score of ice dance includes technical score and rhythm/performance score.
Athletes choose their own music according to the prescribed rhythm and speed, and complete a set of self-made dances within the prescribed 2 minutes. The evaluation of choreography has two points-arrangement and performance. Free dance is a 4-minute program, which consists of various footwork, lift, small jump, posture and grip changes. The score of free dance includes technical level score and artistic impression score.
Referee's request
Referees in figure skating competitions are divided into five-person referee system, seven-person referee system and nine-person referee system (nine-person referee system is stipulated in the Winter Olympics and World Championships), and three-person referee system can also be adopted under special circumstances.
Competition plan
Single skating and ice dancing: single skating, men and women must compete separately, and the required figure (required dance) must be skated first. Short programs (choreography) must slide after the specified number and before free skating, but not on the same day. Free skating (free dancing) must slide at the end.
Double skating: Short programs must skate before free skating, but not on the same day.
Figure skating requires figure skating and warm-up activities: before the competition, draw lots to decide the competition group of the specified figure and the starting foot of the first figure. The referee announced the result of the draw. All graphics must slide with the right foot (a) or the left foot (b). When the first graphic slide ends, the following graphic slides should be carried out alternately. The selected designated figures must be arranged in the order of figure numbers, except for the knot ring, which must slide last. Warm-up activities should start 15 minutes before the game. During the graphic warm-up activities, the number of people practicing on the ice is no more than 5, and 8 people are allowed in the cycle. During the warm-up activities, markers or scribers are not allowed to be placed on the ice. During the competition, a maximum of 7 athletes (ring 12) are allowed to practice on the ice surface of13. During the scoring process of the previous figure, athletes can choose a place to prepare to slide down the next figure, but they must wait by the boundary wall.
Figure skating specifies the competition order in the pattern: the first skater slides the first pattern first, and then the other skaters slide in the order of appearance. When the graphic competition is stipulated, it can be divided into several groups according to the number of athletes. According to the lottery order, the first graphic slides from the first group and then from the second group. The second shape slides over the second group, then over the third group, and so on. If the number of athletes can't make each group average in the end, the last group can have one more.
Figure skating competition time:
1, single skating: adult group: 4.5 minutes for men and 4 minutes for women; Juvenile group A: 4 minutes for men and 3.5 minutes for women; Juvenile Group B: 3.5 minutes for men and 3 minutes for women; Juvenile Group C: 3 minutes for men and 3 minutes for women.
2. Double skating: adult group: 4 minutes and a half; Juvenile group: 4 minutes.
3. Ice dance: adult group: 4 minutes; Juvenile group: 3 and a half minutes.
Scoring standard for figure skating: After the program is completed, the referee will score the program content with a score range of 0.25- 10, with 0.25 points added each time. The score given by the referee corresponds to the level of the following program content:
Scoring principle
Basic principles of calculation:
1. Each action has a basic score, which is marked in the scoring table.
2. Each referee scores each action according to seven grades, and each grade has corresponding addition and subtraction points, which are also marked in the scoring table.
3. The execution score of the referee group is determined by calculating the revised average of the execution scores of nine scoring referees.
4. Correct the calculation method of average value; Remove the highest score and the lowest score, and calculate the average score of the other seven referees.
5. This average score is the final execution score of a single action. The execution score of the referee group is accurate to two decimal places.
6. Add the average execution score of this action to its basic stage, that is, the total score (technical score) of this action.
7. Joint jumping should be scored as an action unit. The basic score of two jumps plus the execution of the most difficult jump is divided into the final score of the action unit.
8. Continuous jumping should be scored as an action unit. The two cardinal numbers that are the most difficult to jump are added, multiplied by the coefficient of 0.8, plus the execution score that is the most difficult to jump.
9. Add up the scores given to all actions by the judging panel.
10, any extra movements beyond the specified number of times will not be counted in the athletes' performance. An action can only be counted as a score when it is tried for the first time (or tried within a specified number of times).
1 1, innovative action or cohesion can be given a special 2 points reward. There can only be one such reward in a program.
12. The reward points (if any) will be added to the sum of the scores of all the actions of the judges to get the total technical points.
13. The basic scores of all jumps completed in the second half of the single skating program will be multiplied by the coefficient 1. 1 to reflect the balanced distribution of difficult movements in the program.
14, and each referee also graded the program content, with scores ranging from 0.25 to 10, with an added value of 0.25 each time.
15. The evaluation of each program content by the jury is obtained by calculating the revised average score of nine evaluation judges. Calculate the revised average score according to the method specified in Article 4 above.
16, the judges' score of each program content is multiplied by the following coefficient (the same for teenagers and adults). Men's singles: short program:1.0; Free skating: 2.0. Women's singles: short program: 0.8; Free skating: 1.6. Double: short program: 0.8; Free skating: 1.6. The result after multiplying the coefficient is accurate to two decimal places, and the sum is divided into program content points.
17, for every violation of the following provisions, points will be deducted as follows. Time violation: 1.0 points will be deducted every 5 seconds. Music violation: using vocal music deduction 1.0 points. Fall: 65438+ 0.0 point will be deducted for each fall. If the program is interrupted for more than 10 seconds due to falling, additional points will be deducted: 1.0 minutes l 1~20 seconds, 2.0 minutes 2 1~30 seconds, and so on. The definition of this article-fall: the skater loses control and his feet leave the ice, and his body is covered with ice (even for a short time)
18. If the number of judges in the judging panel is less than 9, 5 judges will be randomly selected as scoring judges.
The results of each part of the competition determine:
1. The total program score of each player in each part of the competition (short program and free skating) is calculated by adding the total technical score to the program content and subtracting any program penalty points.
2. The athlete with the highest total score in the program ranks first, and the athlete with the second highest score is ranked second, and so on.
3. If two or more players score the same, the player with the highest technical total score ranks first in the short program; In free skating, the program content with high score ranks first; If the total score of technology and the score of program content are the same, the scores of players are tied.
Determination of comprehensive score and total score:
1, the sum of the total score of short program and the total score of free skating is the final score of an athlete in the competition, and the athlete with the highest final score wins the first place.
2. In the freestyle skating qualifying tournament of the International Skating Union Championship, the total score of freestyle skating events will be multiplied by the corresponding coefficient of 0.25, and then added to the total score (after the short program and the final freestyle skating).
If there is a tie at any stage, the program with the highest score will be ranked first.
4. If there is still a draw in this section (the last completed program), the final ranking will be determined by the ranking in the last completed program. If there is no previous program, then the results of the relevant athletes are tied.
Hardware requirements of figure skating
space
The figure skating competition was held in a rectangular skating rink 60 meters long and 30 meters wide. The minimum venue for competitions held by non-ISU shall not be less than 56m× 26m, and the ice thickness shall not be less than 3-5cm. The ice surface should be smooth and keep wireless signs; For large-scale competitions, two venues with the same size should be prepared to arrange training. One venue can arrange plane competitions and other events can be held in the other venue. It is stipulated that graphic competitions should have appropriate graphics.
Ice skates and skates
The most remarkable difference between figure skating skates and ordinary skates is that there are "knife teeth" at the front end. Knife teeth are mainly used for jumping, not for sliding and rotating. Roller skates are fixed on the soles with screws. High-level figure skaters usually customize skates and skates. The back of the skates in ice dancing is shorter than other events 1 inch, in order to meet the requirements of close cooperation and fine footwork. When skaters wear skates outside the skating rink, they should put a hard plastic protective cover on them to prevent them from being dulled by the ground or stained with dust and impurities. When skaters don't wear skates, they can protect their skates with soft covers, which can absorb the residual melted water and prevent the skates from rusting.
Dress
Figure skaters usually wear tight and soft pants when practicing, and spandex with high elasticity and soft texture will cover the skates. Don't wear clothes that are separated up and down, and the length of the skirt should cover the buttocks; Male players must wear trousers, not tight pants. Nowadays, costume has become an important part of contestants' programs, and the selection, collocation and design of colors are closely related to music characteristics and dance styles, thus greatly improving the performance effect of contestants.
music
The music styles used in figure skating competitions are quite different. The music used in ice dancing programs can contain human voices, but the programs of single skating and double competition cannot use human voices.
The origin of figure skating
In the Nordic literature of 12 century, it was recorded that skates made of bones were used to slide on the ice. The Netherlands, Finland, Norway, Sweden and other countries have used it as a means of delivering news.
1250 or so, the Dutch introduced this sport to the surrounding national guests.
/kloc-in the 0 th and 7 th centuries, people could only slide out of the simple front outer edge on the ice, and no graphics appeared at this time.
1742, the earliest skating club-Aitingbao Skating Club was born in Scotland, England.
1772 published the earliest skating monograph "Roller Skating".
/kloc-In the 8th century, figure skating made great progress not only in Europe, but also in America.
Summary of competition rules of figure skating;
★ Interpretation of Action Rules in Single Figure Skating Competition
★ Interpretation of the Rules of Figure Skating Pairs Skating Competition
★ Interpretation of ice dancing Figure Skating Rules
★ Time of Figure Skating Competition in Beijing Winter Olympics
★ What are the basic knowledge of figure skating?
★ Figure skating stipulates the rules of graphic competition.
★ Basic knowledge of skating
★ What are the main sports on ice?
★ What are some tips for beginners in figure skating?
★ Speed skating events